22 de octubre 2014 Aim: How can we learn the conjugations and rules of the Present Verb Tense in Spanish?   Objetivo: ¿Cómo podemos aprender las conjugaciones y las reglas del Tiempo Presente en español? Homework: Workbook pages 4-5 exercises A-D Motivation (Do Now): What do you think the word “Conjugate” mean? What do you believe the Present Tense in Spanish expresses? Provide an example. Motivación (Para Hacer Ahora): ¿Qué significa la palabra "conjugado"? ¿Qué expresa el Tiempo Presente en español? Da un ejemplo. In Class Activity: Present Tense Exercises. We will go over the answers together.

Verbs in the Present Tense First conjugation: -ar (Los verbos en el tiempo presente)

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb 1 The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do” (something). For example, to speak, to work, to sing, etc. The Spanish infinitive always ends in r

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb The Spanish infinitive always ends in r hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb 2 The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive. The ending always consists of two letters.

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb The ending always consists of two letters hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír ar ir er There are three types or categories of verbs in Spanish: those that end in ar, those that end in er, and those that end in ir

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb 3 The stem or root: Whatever is left after removing the ending from the infinitive. The stem can consist of a variable number of letters, depending on the length of the verb in question.

The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb The infinitive – the ending = the stem hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír

The fundamental parts of the verb ¡No te olvides! Don't forget! 1 The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form of the verb. estudiar 2 The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive. ar The stem: What is left after taking the ending from the infinitive. 3 estudi

When we conjugate any verb we always begin with its stem. Verb Conjugation To conjugate: To put a verb in its correct person and number so that we know who is doing the action. When we conjugate any verb we always begin with its stem.

Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar) The following verbs are regular -ar verbs and are conjugated according to the pattern in the following slides. hablar to speak llegar to arrive ayudar to help mirar to look at bailar to dance nadar to swim buscar to look for necesitar to need caminar to walk preparar to prepare comprar to buy regresar to return conversar to converse tomar to take or to drink enseñar to teach escuchar to listen trabajar to work estudiar to study viajar to travel

hablar yo nosotros/as h a a bl o habl a a mos tú vosotros/as h a a bl Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar) hablar All persons and numbers are based on the stem. yo nosotros/as h a a bl o habl a a mos tú vosotros/as h a a bl as habl á á is Ud. él ella ellos ellas Uds. h a a bl a h a a bl an Notice which vowel gets the emphasis!

Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar) trabajar Its stem? trab a a j o trabaj a a mos trab a a j as trabaj á á is trab a a j a trab a a j an

Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar) buscar Its stem? busc b u u sc o a a mos b u u sc as busc á á is b u u sc a b u u sc an

Verbs of the 1st conjugation (-ar) estudiar Its stem? est u u di o estudi a a mos est u u di as estudi á á is est u u di a est u u di an

Regular Present Tense -er and –ir Verbs

yo hablo nosotros hablamos tú hablas vosotros habláis There are three types of regular verbs in Spanish: verbs that end in –ar, verbs that end in –er, and verbs that end in –ir. You’ve already learned –ar verbs: yo hablo nosotros hablamos tú hablas vosotros habláis él, ella habla ellos hablan

Now for –er verbs: To form –er verbs, take off the –er and then add the following endings: comer (to eat) -o -emos como comemos -es -éis comes coméis -e -en come comen Notice that the only difference between –er verbs and –ar verbs is that you use e’s instead of a’s: -ar -er -o -amos -o -emos -as -áis -es -éis -a -an -e -en

Now for –ir verbs. Drop the –ir and add the following endings: abrir (to open) -o -imos abro abrimos -es -ís abres abrís -e -en abre abren Do you see what the difference is between –er and –ir verbs? They’re just alike except for the nosotros and vosotros forms: -er -ir -o -emos -o -imos -es -éis -es -ís -e -en -e -en

So the only difference between –ar verbs and –er verbs is that you use e’s instead of a’s in the –er verbs. And the only difference between –er verbs and –ir verbs is the nosotros and vosotros forms.

So when you’re conjugating verbs, be sure you know if the infinitive (the form ending in –ar or –er or -ir; e.g., hablar and comer and abrir are infinitives) ends with an –ar, –er, or –ir so you’ll know what ending to put on it: You talk: hablas HABLAR we talk: hablamos You eat: comes COMER we eat: comemos You open: abres ABRIR we open: abrimos

PRACTICE Conjugate the verbs in parenthesis in the Present Tense 1. Tú (desear) __DESEAS_______ una bicicleta. 2. La señorita Pinto (comprar) __COMPRA_______ unos regalitos. 3. Usted (entrar)__ENTRA______ la casa. 4. Tú (pasar)_________ el examen. 5. Vosotras (escuchar)_________ el viento antes de dormir. 6. Nosotras (amar)_________ a Teresa. 7. Yo (mandar)_________ dinero a su hijo. 8. Él (llegar)_________ el sábado. 9. Nosotras (cubrir)_________ la bicicleta. 10. Vosotras (romper)_________ la silla. 11. El señor Paredes (pasar)_________ el examen. 12. Vosotros (correr)_________ en la tarde. 13. La profesora Díaz (invitar)_________ a la amiga de Julio. 14. El chico (subir)_________ en el ascensor al tercer piso. 15. Ella (cometer)_________ un crimen muy serio. 16. La señora (mandar)_________ el libro por correo. 17. La secretaria (hablar)_________ inglés. 18. Nosotros (enseñar)_________ español. 19. Nosotras (mandar)_________ dinero a su hijo. 20. Yo (comprar)_________ unos regalitos.