Present Tense of the Verbs First conjugation -AR.

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1 Present Tense of the Verbs First conjugation -AR

2 The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form, the one that corresponds to the English “to do” (something). For example, to speak, to work, to sing, etc. The Spanish infinitive always ends in r

3 The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive. The ending always consists of two letters. The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb

4 The Spanish infinitive always ends in r hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb

5 hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer The ending always consists of two letters salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír There are three types or categories of verbs in Spanish: those that end in ar,those that end in er,and those that end in ir The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb

6 The stem or root: Whatever is left after removing the ending from the infinitive. The stem can consist of a variable number of letters, depending on the length of the verb in question. The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb AR ending HABL stem

7 The infinitive – the ending = the stem salir conocer costar correr finalizar freír hablar comer escribir cantar aprender leer The fundamental parts of the Spanish verb

8 The infinitive: The basic, unconjugated form of the verb. estudiar The fundamental parts of the verb The ending: The last two letters of the infinitive. The stem: What is left after taking the ending from the infinitive. ar estudi

9 When we conjugate any verb we always begin with its stem. To conjugate: To put a verb in its correct person and number so that we know who is doing the action. Verb Conjugation

10 So let’s take the verb HABLAR we write down the pronoun and the stem… Yo habl- Ns. habl - Tú habl – Vs. habl - Él, ella habl - Ellos, ellas habl- Ud. Uds.

11 Then you add these terminations at the stem of the word. Yo -ONosotros -AMOS Tú -ASVosotros -ÁIS Él, ella Ud. -AEllos, ellas, Uds. - AN

12 a hablar ahbloa ah asa ahblaa hablmosa áhablisá ahblana Verbs of the 1 st conjugation (-ar) All persons and numbers are based on the stem. Notice which vowel gets the emphasis! yo tú Ud. él ella nosotros/as vosotros/as ellos ellas Uds.

13 trabajar aatrabjoa a jasa atrabjaa trabajmosa átrabajisá atrabjana Verbs of the 1 st conjugation (-ar) Its stem? The emphasis?

14 buscar aubscou ub asu ubscau buscmosa ábuscisá ubscanu Verbs of the 1 st conjugation (-ar) Its stem? The emphasis?

15 a estudiar uestdiou uestdiasu uestdiau estudimosa áestudiisá uestdianu Verbs of the 1 st conjugation (-ar) Its stem? The emphasis?

16 Take the verb HABLAR. Remove the ending and add the terminations. This is what we call AFFIRMATIVE “to conjugate a verb” Yo hablo – I talkNosotros/ as hablamos We talk Tú hablas – you talkVosotros hablais You all talk Él, ella habla he, she talks Usted habla - you talk (formal) Ellos, ellas hablan – they talk Ustedes hablan – you all talk (formal)

17 To form the NEGATIVE add NO between pronoun and verb Yo no hablo – I don’t talk Nosotros/ as no hablamos We don’t talk Tú no hablas – you don’t talk Vosotros no hablais You all don’t talk Él, ella no habla he, she doesn’t talks Usted no habla - you don’t talk (formal) Ellos, ellas no hablan – they don’t talk Ustedes no hablan – you all don’t talk (formal)

18 To ask a question SWITCH the verb with the pronoun INTERROGATIVE ¿Hablo yo?– do I talk?¿ Hablamos nosotros/ as? Do we talk? ¿ Hablas tú?– do you talk ¿ Hablais vosotros – Do You all talk? ¿ Habla él, ella? Does he, she talk? ¿ Habla Ud.? - do you talk ?(formal) ¿ Hablan Ellos, ellas ? –Do they talk Ustedes hablan – you all talk (formal)

19 estudioestudiamos estudiasestudiáis estudiaestudian La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar. Verb forms that refer to people that are within the conversation flip to their “opposite” form. ¿Qué estudias? Estudio matemáticas. ¿Qué estudias tú?

20 estudioestudiamos estudiasestudiáis estudiaestudian La biblioteca es un buen lugar para estudiar. Verb forms that refer to people that are outside the conversation do not change. ¿Qué estudia Juan? Estudia filosofía.

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