Talking about the recent past Present perfect and participles used as adjectives

Present perfect I have yo he you have tú has spoken hablado The present perfect is used to refer to a past event, action, or condition that has some connection to the present. In English, the present perfect is formed with the present tense of the auxiliary verb to have + past participle. In Spanish, the present perfect is formed with the present tense of the verb haber + past participle. to have Past participle haber Past participle I have yo he you have tú has spoken hablado he, she has, you have él, ella, Ud. ha eaten comido we have nosotros/as hemos lived vivido you (pl.) have vosotros/as habéis they, you (pl.) have ellos/as, Uds. han

For example: ¿Ya has ido al supermercado? Have you already gone to the supermarket? Todavía no. Estoy buscando el cajero automático. ¿Lo has visto? Not yet. I’m looking for the ATM. Have you seen it? Mi madre no me ha dado dinero para ir de compras. My mother hasn’t given me money to go shopping.

How the past participle is formed For -ar verbs: Start with the infinitive . . . remove the verb ending . . . and add ado. cerr ado ar For -er and -ir verbs: Start with the infinitive . . . remove the verb ending . . . and add ido. vend er ido recib ido ir

How the past participle is formed The past participle in Spanish usually ends in -ado or -ido. In English, it usually ends in -ed or -en. tomar comer vivir tomado (taken) comido (eaten) vivido (lived) A written accent mark is used for verbs whose stems end in a vowel. creer creído believed oír oído heard leer leído read traer traído brought

How the past participle is formed The following verbs have irregular past participles. abrir abierto opened morir muerto dead cubrir cubierto covered poner puesto put decir dicho said romper roto broken escribir escrito written ver visto seen hacer hecho done; made volver vuelto returned

The past participle used as a verb Object pronouns and negative words are always placed before the conjugated verb haber. Do not place any word between haber and the past participle. No la he preparado. I haven’t prepared it. ¿La has abierto? Have you opened it?

To have just . . . The present tense of the verb acabar, to finish, is used with de + infinitive in order to describe events that have just happened. Acabamos de preparar una cena deliciosa. We have just prepared a delicious dinner. Los invitados acaban de llegar. The guests have just arrived.

The past participle used as an adjective The verb estar may be used with the past participle to describe a state or condition resulting from a previous action. When used with estar, the past participle is an adjective and agrees in number and gender with the noun it modifies. El libro está cerrado. La puerta está cerrada. Los escritorios están vendidos. Las computadoras están vendidas.

Participles used as adjectives In both English and Spanish, the past participle may be used as an adjective to modify a noun. The Spanish past participle used as an adjective agrees in number and gender with the noun it modifies. Preparamos las recetas escritas por mi abuela. We prepare the recipes written by my grandmother. El arroz con pollo es mi plato favorito hecho por ella. Chicken and rice is my favorite dish made by her.

¡A practicar!

Crean oraciones con haber o estar. Yo Tú Él Ella Ud. Nosotros/as Ellos Ellas ir a clase preocupado/a viajar a Chile cocinar mucho aburrido/a cansado/a escribir la receta poner la mesa hacer la tarea haber estar

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