THE PRETERIT Dun…dun…dun…

Lesson 1: Regulars & gar, car, zar All these lessons come from: The preterite is used for past actions that are seen as completed. The preterite is used for actions that can be viewed as single events. The preterite is used for actions that were repeated a specific number of times, or occurred during a specific period of time. The preterite is used for actions that were part of a chain of events. The preterite is used to state the beginning or the end of an action.

Regular Verbs in the Past To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite, simply drop the ending (-ar) and add one of the following: é aste ó amos asteis aron

Regular Verbs in the Past To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterite, simply drop the ending (-er or -ir) and add one of the following: í iste ió imos isteis ieron

Examples hablarcomervivir hablécomíviví hablastecomisteviviste hablócomióvivió hablamoscomimosvivimos hablasteiscomisteisvivisteis hablaroncomieronvivieron Note: the nosotros forms for -ar and -ir verbs are the same in both preterit and present tenses: hablamos, vivimos.

Common Regular Verbs Cantar Continuar Encontrar Esquiar Hablar Pensar Trabajar Preguntar Aprender Beber Comer Deber Esconder Proceder Prometer Tejer Vender Abrir Admitir Cumplir Decidir Existir Ocurrir omitir

Helpful video Lesson ature=relmfu ature=relmfu

Lesson 2: Spelling Changes In order to preserve the sound of the infinitive, a number of verbs change orthographically (spelling) in the preterite tense. The following changes occur in the "yo" form only: Verbs that end in -gar change g to gu Verbs that end in -car change c to qu Verbs that end in -zar change z to c Video Tutorial:

Examples & Common Verbs yo jugué (jugar) yo busqué (buscar) yo almorcé (almorzar) -gar-car-zar cegaraparcaralmorzar colgarbuscarautorizar jugarclarificarcazar llegarclasificarcomenzar pagardestacarcruzar plegarempacarempezar regarjustificarforzar rogarpracticarorganizar tragarsacarsimbolizar vagartocartropezarse

Lesson 3 In this lesson you will learn to conjugate four important verbs in the preterite tense: ser, ir Note that ir and ser have the same conjugation! ature=related ature=related

serir fui fuiste fue fuimos fuisteis fueron

Lesson 4: The madness continues -ar and -er verbs that change their stem in the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs. Here is an example: PresentPreterite cerrar cierrocerré cierrascerraste cierracerró cerramos cerráiscerrasteis cierrancerraron

Madness of Lesson 4… -ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite, but in a different way. They change e:i and o:u in the third person, singular and plural. Here is an example: PresentPreterite dormir duermodormí duermesdormiste duermedurmió dormimos dormísdormisteis duermendurmieron

Videos of E-IE & O-UE Stem Changers

Another Spelling Change For verbs that end in -aer, -eer, - oír, and -oer, the él/ella/usted forms use the ending "yó" (rather than ió) and the third person plural uses the ending "yeron" (rather than ieron). The remaining forms gain a written accent over the letter "i." Creer creí creíste creyó creímos creísteis creyeron Other verbs like creer include: caer leer oír poseer proveer Exceptions to this rule include: traer atraer distraer

Lesson 6: Finally a Pattern… For the following verbs, use the following stems and endings. -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -ieron andaranduv- estarestuv- tenertuv- cabercup- haberhub- poderpud- ponerpus- sabersup- hacerhic- quererquis- Venir Ver Dar vin- Vi Di

Examples! estar (estuv-)saber (sup-) estuvesupe estuvistesupiste estuvosupo estuvimossupimos estuvisteissupisteis estuvieronsupieron Here are two examples of how this pattern is applied: Note: The one exception is the third person singular of hacer. As you learned in a previous lesson, the c changes to z to form "hizo."

Song For Stem Changers Memorize this for a GRADE!

Thats all folks!