The Present Subjunctive El Subjuntivo presente
The Subjunctive We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.
The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que. For example:
The Subjunctive Quiero que tú respires lentamente. I want you to breathe slowly.
The Subjunctive You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as es necesario…es bueno…and es importante…, followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive.
The Subjunctive Es necesario que hagas ejercicio. It’s necessary that you do exercise. Es importante que los jóvenes coman bien. It’s important that the young people eat well.
The Subjunctive Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que:
2 Clauses Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Subjunctive Verb Indicative Verb
The Subjunctive We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.
The Subjunctive We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.
The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: e, es, e, emos, en For -er/-ir verbs: a, as, a, amos, an
SALTAR – to jump salte saltes saltemos salten
CONOCER – to know conozca conozcas conozcamos conozcan
DECIR – to say/tell diga digas digamos digan
Spell Change Subjunctive Verbs Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound. -ger, -gir ending verbs have a spell change g > j.
Irregular Subjunctive Verbs buscar busco busque pagar pago pague cruzar cruzo cruce
escoger escoja escojamos escojas escoja escojan
Stem-change Verbs dormir divertirse duerma me divierta duermas te diviertas duerma se divierta durmamos nos divirtamos duerman se diviertan
Los Verbos Irregulares dar – dé, des, dé, demos, den estar – esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén ir – vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan ser – sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean saber - sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan