THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD VS. THE INDICATIVE MOOD

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Transcripción de la presentación:

THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD VS. THE INDICATIVE MOOD I WISH ... I HOPE… I WANT… THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD VS. THE INDICATIVE MOOD

DEFINITIONS THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD IS USED TO EXPRESS UNCERTAINTY AND DOUBT. THE INDICATIVE MOOD IS USED TO EXPRESS WHAT WE KNOW OR BELIEVE TO BE TRUE OR FACTUAL.

INDICATIVE MOOD= THE PRESENT (INDICATIVE) TENSE hablo I speak THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE estoy hablando I am speaking THE PAST PROGRESIVE TENSE estaba hablando I was speaking THE PRETERITE TENSE hablé I spoke THE IMPERFECT TENSE yo hablaba I used to speak THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE he hablado I have spoken THE PAST PERFECT TENSE yo había hablado I had spoken

THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD= THE PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE THE PAST SUBJUNCTIVE que yo hable that I speak THE PAST SUBJUNCTIVE que yo hablara that I spoke THE PRESENT PERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE que yo haya hablado that I have spoken THE PAST PERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE que yo hubiera hablado that I had spoken

MOOD… NOT TENSE

TENSE VS. MOOD TENSE indicates the time of the action. MOOD indicates the attitude of the speaker toward the action

INDICATIVO O SUBJUNTIVO Choice of indicative or subjunctive depends on what is expressed in the main clause and a change of subject in the dependent clause.

Yo quiero que tú me llames. Es verdad que tú me llamaste. Main Clause Dependent Clause The verb in the main clause is always indicative.

FORMING THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD IS AS EASY AS … 1. 2. 3.

hablar 1. YO FORM hablo 2. remove the ‘o’ habl- 3. add OPPOSITE hable

BUCEAR bucee buceemos bucees bucéeis bucee buceen bucee e

SALIR salga salgamos salgas salgáis salga salgan salgo o a

PERDER pierda perdamos pierdas perdáis pierda pierdan

stem changers If it stem-changes in the present indicative, it will also stem change in the present subjunctive.

DORMIR duerma durmamos duermas durmáis duerma duerman

REMEMBER THE SAME THING HAPPENED IN THE PRETERITE IN THE NOSOTROS FORM… DORMÍ DORMIMOS DORMISTE DORMISTEIS DURMIÓ DURMIERON

LLEGAR llegue lleguemos llegues lleguéis llegue lleguen

SACAR saque saquemos saques saquéis saque saquen

CRUZAR cruce crucemos cruces crucéis cruce crucen

ESCOGER escoja escojamos escojas escojáis escoja escojan

IRREGULARS???? The verbs whose YO form doesn’t end in O DAR SER ESTAR dé demos sea seamos esté estemos des deis seas seáis estés estéis dé den sea sean esté estén SABER IR sepa sepamos vaya vayamos sepas sepáis vayas vayáis sepa sepan vaya vayan

UWEIRDO D = VERBS OF DENIAL O = OJALÁ U = UNCERTAINTY W = VERBS OF WILL / VOLITION E = VERBS OF EMOTION I = IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS R = RECOMMENDATION, REQUESTS D = VERBS OF DENIAL O = OJALÁ ALWAYS IN THE PRESENT TENSE INDICATIVE

UNCERTAINTY DUDAR to doubt NO ES CIERTO It’s not true/certain NO ES VERDAD It’s not true NO ES SEGURO It’s not sure/certain ES DUDOSO It’s doubtful Verb of doubt (indicative) + que + subjunctive Es dudoso que mis vecinos vengan. ALWAYS WITH A CHANGE OF SUBJECT

VERBS OF WILL OR VOLITION QUERER (e>ie) to want DESEAR to desire PEDIR (e>i) to ask ESPERAR to hope PREFERIR (e>ie) to prefer ROGAR (o>ue) to beg SUPLICAR to plead INSISTIR EN to insist MANDAR to order NECESITAR to need Verb of will (indicative) + que + subjunctive Mis padres me piden que yo estudie más. ALWAYS WITH A CHANGE OF SUBJECT

IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS Es bueno que Es malo que Es importante que Es raro que Es terrible que Es posible que Es mejor que Es imposible que Es lógico que Es probable que Es peligroso que Es lástima que Impersonal expression + que + subjunctive Es malo que ese criminal no esté en la cárcel

VERBS OF EMOTION ALEGRARSE DE ENCANTAR TEMER SORPRENDER TENER MIEDO DE ESTAR + ADJ. SENTIR (e>ie) MOLESTAR Verb of emotion (indicative) + que + subjunctive Me alegro de que ustedes hayan venido a mi fiesta.

VERBS OF RECOMENDATION RECOMENDAR (e>ie) to recommend ACONSEJAR to advise SUGERIR (e>ie) to suggest EXIGIR to demand Verb of recommendation (indicative) + que + subjunctive Mi amiga me recomienda que yo continúe con mis estudios.

VERBS OF DENIAL NO CREER QUE NO PENSAR QUE NEGAR QUE Verb of denial (indicative) + que + subjunctive Yo no creo que la respuesta sea correcta.

OJALÁ May God grant that…. THE SUBJUNCTIVE IS ALWAYS USED AFTER OJALÁ May God grant that…. ¡Ojalá que Uds. tengan un buen fin de semana!