Formal and Informal Commands 8There are two forms of affirmative commands (mandatos) (Imperative Mood) informal (tú) and formal (usted): 1. Start with YO form: comprar yo compro abrir yo abro 2. Drop the –o COMPR, ABR Tú (informal) and Usted (formal) compr + a = compra compr + e = compre abr + e = abre abr + a = abra

8Some verbs, such as venir, tener, salir, ser, poner, hacer, decir, ir, dar, and estar have irregular command forms in either or both the FORMAL and INFORMAL

8venga(n) 8tenga(n) 8salga(n) 8sea(n) 8ponga(n) 8haga(n) 8diga(n) 8vaya(n) 8VENIR 8TENER 8SALIR 8SER 8PONER 8HACER 8DECIR 8IR 8ven 8ten 8sal 8sé8sé 8pon 8haz 8di 8ve

Formal Negative Usted CommandsSingular 8Just add NO before the verb 8No compre 8No coma 8No baile 8No abra

Formal Negative Usted CommandsPLURAL 8Plural (ustedes) just add n at the end: 8No compren 8No coman 8No bailen 8No abran

Negative Tú Commands

8To form negative tú commands with regular verbs, we drop the o of the present- tense yo form and add the following endings:

Negative Tú Commands HABLAR hablo habl es No hables ahora

Negative Tú Commands COMER como com as No comas eso.

Negative Tú Commands ABRIR abro abr as No abras esa puerta.

Negative Tú Commands 8The same rule applies to verbs whose present tense yo form ends in –go, -zco, -yo, and –jo.

Negative Tú Commands 8SALIR 8No salgas si estás enferma.

Negative Tú Commands 8OFRECER 8No les ofrezcas comida basura a tus amigos.

Negative Tú Commands 8ESCOGER 8No escojas comida con mucha grasa.

Negative Tú Commands 8Notice that -ar verbs take the ending -es and that -er verbs take the ending -as. 8In stem-changing verbs the stem change remains.

Negative Tú Commands 8No enciendas el horno. 8No añadas demasiado sal. 8No pongas los camarones en la sartén todavía.

Negative Tú Commands 8Verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar have the following spelling changes in negative tú commands in order to maintain the original sound.

Negative Tú Commands TOCAR tocotoques No toques el piano. -car (c…qu)

Negative Tú Commands LLEGAR llegollegues No llegues tarde. -gar (g…gu)

Negative Tú Commands CRUZAR cruzocruces No cruces aquí. -zar (z…c)

Negative Tú Commands 8Some verbs have irregular negative tú command forms. REMEMBER: Regular forms negative tú commands are -AR habl + es -ER/-IRcom + as

Negative Tú Commands 8Decir 8Hacer 8Ir 8Ser 8Poner 8Salir 8Tener 8Venir 8No digas 8No hagas 8No vayas 8No seas 8No pongas 8No salgas 8No tengas 8No vengas

Negative Tú Commands 8Remember that pronouns are attached to affirmative commands.

Negative Tú Commands 8If the pronoun is added to a command form that has two or more syllables, write an accent mark on the syllable stressed in the present tense.

Negative Tú Commands 8¿Pico las cebollas? 8Sí, pícalas.

Negative Tú Commands before 8With negative commands, pronouns always go right before the verb.

Negative Tú Commands 8¿Pico los tomates también? 8No, no los piques.

REVIEW Tú (informal) and Usted(es) (formal) compr + a = compra compr + e= compre(n) abr + e= abre abr + a= abra(n) negative tú negative usted -AR no compr + es no compre(n) -ER/-IR no abr + asno abra(n)

8The use of direct and indirect object pronouns with Spanish command forms The rule of the Four A's: Affirmative After Attached Accent 8 If the command form is Affirmative, the object pronouns go After the verb, are Attached to it, and a written Accent is normally* required. Examples: ¡Háblame!, ¡Cómelo!, ¡Siéntense! 8 On the contrary, if the command form is not Affirmative, the object pronouns do not go After the verb, they are not Attached, and an Accent mark is not used. Examples: ¡No me hables!, ¡No lo comas!, ¡No se sienten!

PRÁCTICA 8Cerrar----yo cierro 8Formal: cierrecierren 8Formal negative:no cierreno ceirren 8Informal: cierra 8Informal negative: no cierres

PRÁCTICA 8Cerrar----yo limpio 8Formal: limpielimpien 8Formal negative:no limpieno limpien 8Informal: limpia 8Informal negative: no limpies

PRÁCTICA 8Cerrar----yo como 8Formal: comacoman 8Formal negative:no comano coman 8Informal: come 8Informal negative: no comas