Terremoto Sacudida más o menos violenta de la corteza terrestre, que se produce siempre a una cierta profundidad partiendo de un epicentro El origen de.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Terremoto Sacudida más o menos violenta de la corteza terrestre, que se produce siempre a una cierta profundidad partiendo de un epicentro El origen de la perturbación (foco o hipocentro) puede estar situado en una zona de fricción entre placas. La llegada de las ondas sísmicas a los distintos puntos de la corteza terrestre permite determinar el epicentro del seísmo (lugar de la superficie situado sobre el foco).Son manifestaciones de la dinámica terrestre más frecuentes de lo que parece, sobre todo en zonas activas del planeta; pero solo llegan noticias cuando se convierten en fenómenos destructivos Aquí se aprecia claramente cómo es un terremoto

Ondas primarias y secundarias Ondas primarias : También llamadas longitudinales, son las más veloces, y las que primero llegan a los sismógrafos. Son capaces de recorrer grandes distancias. Ondas secundarias: También llamadas transversales. Son más lentas que las P, y no se transmiten por medios fluidos, aunque recorren grandes distancias.

Ondas superficiales Son las ondas Rayleigh (izq.) y las ondas Lowe (dcha.) se transmiten por la superficie y son las que causan las catástrofes

Tsunamis Se forman cuando el fondo oceánico es levantado súbitamente por un terremoto,esto provoca una gran agitación en las aguas y origina las olas que configuran el tsunami. En su origen, son casi imperceptibles, 40 cm o menos. Una ola y la siguiente, están separadas por más de 1 Km., pero se van amplificando a medida se acercan a la costa. Se han producido tsunamis de 30 m de altura, pero los de 6 o 7 metros, son también muy destructivos. Por último añadir que van a una velocidad de unos 800 Km./h, y pueden atravesar océanos enteros, de manera que un terremoto en Chile puede acarrear un tsunami en Japón

Escala Richter Es una escala exponencial:un terremoto de magnitud 5 es diez veces más potente que uno de magnitud 4, y cien veces más potente que uno de 3.Un terremoto de magnitud 8 en esta escala puede tener efectos de grado 12 en un lugar determinado y de grado 6 en otro mas alejado.

Escala de Richter

Escala Mercalli Es la escala más antigua, que establece una serie de grados relacionados con la percepción de las personas del temblor y los efectos. Podemos decir que es una escala completamente subjetiva.

Escala de Mercalli

¿Sabias que...? Cada año, en todo el mundo se producen unos terremotos que se pueden percibir

Earthquake More or less violent jolt of the terrestrial bark, which takes place always to a certain depth departing from an epicentre The origin of the disturbance (area or hipocentro) it(h can be placed in a zone of friction between plates. The arrival of the shock waves to the different points of the terrestrial bark allows to determine the epicentre of the tremor (place of the surface placed on the area).So manifestations of the terrestrial dynamics are more frequent than seems, especially in active zones of the planet; but only news comes when they turn into destructive phenomena Here we appreciate clearly how it is an earthquake

Primary and secondary waves Primary waves: They are also called longitudinal, they are the fastest, and those who first come to the seismographs. They are capable of crossing big distances. Secondary waves: Also called cross streets. They are slower than the P, and are not transmitted by fluid means, though they cross big distances.

Superficial waves They are the waves Rayleigh (izq.) and the waves Lowe (dcha.) they are transmitted by the surface and are those who cause the catastrophes

Tsunamis They are formed when the oceanic bed is raised suddenly by an earthquake. This provokes a great agitation in the waters and originates the waves that form the tsunami. In its origin, they are almost imperceptible, 40 cm or less. A wave and the following one, are separated by more than 1 km, but they are amplified to measurement approaching the coast. Tsunamis of height of 30m have taken place, but those of 6 or 7 meters, are also very destructive. Finally to add that they go to a speed of approximately 800 Km./h, and they can cross entire oceans, so that an earthquake in Chile can transport a tsunami in Japan

Scale Richter It is a scale exponencial:un earthquake of magnitude 5 is ten times more powerful than one of magnitude 4, and hundred times more powerful than one of 3. An earthquake of magnitude 8 in this scale can have effects of degree 12 in a certain place and of degree 6 in another remote mas.

Scale Richter

Scale Mercalli is the oldest scale,that stablishes a series of degrees that are the same as the people notices when the earthquake goes on. That is why we could say it is a completly subjective scale.

Scale Mercalli

Do you know that...? Every year in the whole world earthquakes are produced and noticed.