Operación Segura del Montacargas

Presentación del tema: "Operación Segura del Montacargas"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Operación Segura del Montacargas

2 Objetivos de la Sesión Usted será capaz de:
Entender como es que los montacargas funcionan Operar un montacargas hábilmente y de manera segura Identificar riesgos operativos Aplicar principios generales de operación segura Inspeccionar adecuadamente un montacargas y mantenerlo. Entender la parte practica de la capacitación Slide Show Notes This slide show covers the basic concepts for operating a forklift safely. It prepares you for the hands-on driver training. By the end of this training session, you will be be able to: Understand the characteristics of a forklift, including differences from driving a car, controls and instruments, motor operation, steering, and other instructions, warnings, and precautions Understand the basic principles of operating a forklift safely and skillfully Identify the hazards of operating a forklift under various conditions in the workplace Apply general principles for safely operating a forklift Properly inspect and maintain a forklift

3 Porque la capacitación para el uso del Montacargas es necesaria
100 fatalidades ocurren cada año 20,000 días perdidos a causa de lesiones anualmente Lesiones Comunes Golpear a un transeúnte Volcaduras Caídas desde una paleta elevada Caídas de escaleras cuando son golpeadas por el montacargas Materiales que caen La Capacitación reduce las lesiones Slide Show Notes Forklifts are a great asset, but they can cause great injury and damage when not properly operated. In any given year, about 100 fatalities occur nationally in forklift-related accidents. Tens of thousands of forklift-related injuries occur each year nationwide, with approximately 20,000 injuries serious enough to result in days away from work. Common injuries and deaths are the result of a pedestrian being hit or crushed with a forklift, a forklift tipping over, a worker falling from the forks or a platform on the forks, a worker falling from a ladder struck with a forklift and a load falling off the forks. The litigation surrounding a forklift-related accident or fatality can cause a company to go bankrupt. Training will greatly reduce the number of forklift-related injuries and fatalities. Describe forklift-related incidents or close calls at your facility, if any.

4 Camión Industrial Accionado
Definición Cualquier camión móvil propulsado utilizado para cargar, empujar, tirar, levantar, amontonar o nivelar materiales. Camiones industriales propulsados pueden ser manejados o controlados por un operador que se encuentre caminando. Excluido Vehículos diseñados para mover tierra o transportar en carretera. Equipos que han sido diseñados para mover tierra pero han sido modificados para aceptar paletas están también excluidos.

5 Montacargas - Fatalidades
¿Cuál grupo de edades tiene el mayor número de fatalidades? 18 – 24 25 – 34 35 – 44 45 – 54

6 Fatalidades por Grupo de Edades

7 Requerimientos Regulativos
De acuerdo al 29 CFR : El operador debe de recibir capacitación antes de operar un montacargas Demostrar el ser competente Características del montacargas Medioambiente operativo Inspección y mantenimiento Slide Show Notes According to the forklift regulations (Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 29, Section ): Anyone who operates a powered industrial truck—at our facility, that is a forklift—must receive training before operating the equipment. Operators must demonstrate competency in: The characteristics of a forklift, including the difference between a forklift and an automobile The operating environment of the forklift, including floor surfaces and space conditions Inspection and maintenance procedures

8 Básicos de un Montacargas
Slide Show Notes Most forklifts have certain features in common. This image shows a typical forklift design with all the basic components. We will cover them during the driving phase of your training. Describe the components of a forklift at your facility, preferably with trainees looking at a forklift. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

9 Características del Montacargas
Se maneja de manera diferente a un carro La parte posterior del montacargas gira en dirección contraria a donde usted voltea Impactos del montacargas contra objetos se exageran Se maneja hacia atrás como hacia adelante Una mano en los controles 2 - 3 veces el peso de un carro Slide Show Notes Now we’ll discuss the basic characteristics or features of forklifts that you will need to know before operating one, especially the great differences from driving a car. Forklifts behave different from cars, especially when turning or hitting other objects. The rear of a forklift swings in the opposite direction of the turn. As illustrated here, when turning left, the rear of the forklift swings out to the right. Any person or object next to the forklift on the right will be hit. The impact of a forklift against an object is much more significant than the corresponding impact of a car. Because of its greater mass, a forklift hitting an object at 5 mph can cause similar damage to a car hitting the same object at 30 mph. Forklifts are often driven backward, especially when unloading cargo and driving a load that obstructs the view when moving forward. Forklifts are often operated with one hand on the wheel and the other operating the controls. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

10 Placa de Nombre OSHA requiere que tenga una placa legible
Incluye información acerca de las modificaciones a la paletas y accesorios Lista la capacidad máxima de carga Describe el centro de la carga Slide Show Notes The nameplate provides a great deal of useful information to help you safely operate a forklift. OSHA requires a nameplate that is specific to the forklift and any attachments that are used. Report any forklift that does not have the proper nameplate. The nameplate contains information such as weight of the forklift, tire size and pressure, fuel type, and information about attachments. The most important information to you is the capacity and load center. The capacity is the specific maximum weight of a load that can safely be lifted to the forklift’s maximum lifting height, assuming the center of gravity of the load is within the rated load center. The load center is the distance between the vertical face of the forks and the center of gravity of the load. Inspect your forklifts to be sure that they all carry accurate legible nameplates. If possible, show trainees a nameplate on a forklift, or photocopy a nameplate from a forklift to show the employees how to find information on the nameplate. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

11 Determinar el centro de Gravedad de una Carga
El centro de gravedad es el punto de balance Centro de la carga es el punto donde la parte mas pesada de la carga esta localizada Levante la carga desde la distancia mas corta de la orilla del objeto al centro de gravedad de la carga Slide Show Notes We’ll talk about how to determine a load’s center of gravity. The center of gravity is the exact point on which the entire load will balance. For loads of consistent material, this point will always be near the center of the load. If a load contains materials with different weights or densities, the load center will be on the side containing the heaviest material. For example, if a pallet contains bricks on one side and pillows on the other, the center of gravity will obviously be closer to the side of the pallet containing the bricks. The distance from the edge of the load to the center of gravity is very important. If possible, the load must always be picked up on the side that is closest to the center of gravity. This will keep the load’s weight closer to the forklift. The center of gravity is an important concept for all forklift operators to understand. Use blocks or Legos™ to help demonstrate the location of a load’s center of gravity. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

12 Triángulo de Estabilidad
Montacargas estable sin carga Montacargas estable con carga máxima Montacargas inestable con carga máxima desviada Slide Show Notes The stability triangle shows you how your actions can cause a forklift to tip over so that you’ll know what actions to avoid. The top image shows the center of gravity for a forklift without a load, right in the middle of the stability triangle. A common sit-down counterbalance forklift truck has a three-point suspension with the weight supported at each front tire and the center of the rear axle. This creates a triangle. The center of gravity of the forklift and any load lifted must remain within the stability triangle; otherwise, the forklift will tip over. The center of gravity of an unloaded forklift will be just below the operator’s seat. The middle image shows the center of gravity of a forklift carrying its maximum rated load. With a load, the combined center of gravity (black circle) is close to the front edge of the stability triangle. The bottom image shows the center of gravity of a fully loaded forklift with the load center more than 24 inches (in.) away from the vertical face of the forks. The forklift with its load will likely tip forward.

13 Acciones Combinadas Centro de gravedad (COG) lado a lado
COG hacia adelante COG hacia atrás La combinación de dos de estos puede causar una volcadura Slide Show Notes What do you think causes the center of gravity of a forklift to move from side to side? Turning a corner; having an unbalanced load; a tire going into a pothole; driving on a sloped surface What do you think causes the center of gravity of a forklift to move forward? The forklift has a capacity load; the mast is tilted forward; stopping abruptly; quickly accelerating in reverse; driving down a ramp What do you think causes the center of gravity of a forklift to move backward to the thin portion of the stability triangle? The mast is tilted back; stopping abruptly when going in reverse, quickly accelerating forward; driving up a ramp Which of the above actions, when combined, could cause a forklift to tip over? A forklift cornering while driving up a ramp would cause the center of gravity to be back and to the side, resulting in a tip-over. Or, a forklift moving forward with a raised capacity load could tip forward if forced to stop abruptly. Also, a forklift cornering with an unbalanced load and then hitting a pothole could easily cause a tip-over.

14 Estabilidad Vertical When the vehicles line of action (vertical stability line) or Combined CG falls within the stability triangle, the vehicle is stable and will not tip over. However, when the vehicle’s Line of Action or Combined CG falls outside the stability triangle, the vehicle becomes unstable and may result in a tip over.

15 Accesorios – Aprovados por OSHA Plataformas de Seguridad
Cambia salidas operativas Cambia de capacidad Cambia estabilidad y centro de la carga Slide Show Notes All attachments, such as carton clamps, drum clamps, paper-roll clamps, rotators, and push-pull attachments, affect your forklift’s capacity in several ways: Attachments act like extensions to the length or width of the forklift and, therefore, require additional operating clearances for turning and passing through aisles. Adding an attachment is like permanently carrying a load. If the attachment weighs 1,000 pounds (lb), your forklift’s capacity is automatically reduced by 1,000 lb. Attachments typically move the load farther away from the forklift, which increases your load center. If the attachment moves the load 8 in. away, it will reduce the capacity by approximately 800 lb (100 lb per in.) because loads that normally have a load center of 24 in. now have a 32-in. load center. If your company regularly uses attachments, talk about specifics related to those attachments. Also, ensure that nameplates reflect the fact that your company uses attachments. Customize this slide or add slides that illustrate your attachments, if any. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

16 Riesgos Operativos— Condiciones Medioambientales
El operar montacargas no eléctricos en áreas con poca ventilación Viajar sobre rampas El cruzar vías de trenes Pisos resbaladizos Operar sobre tierra o grava Poca iluminación Slide Show Notes Environmental hazards include: Operating nonelectric forklifts in poorly ventilated areas where carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide can build up Ascending and descending ramps Crossing railroad tracks Operating and braking on slippery floors Operating on dirt or gravel Poor lighting Other hazards include pits in the floor, workplace congestion, operating in narrow aisles and restricted spaces, and operating where flammables and combustibles are present. Customize this slide and subsequent slides, or add slides, to illustrate the environmental hazards that are specific to your facility.

17 Distracción del Conductor

18 Riesgos Operativos—Al llevar la carga
Riesgos al llevar la carga incluyen: Trabajar alrededor de plataformas de embarque Cargas que bloquean la vista hacia el frente El apilar y des apilar sobre estantes Slide Show Notes Load-carrying hazards include: Working around loading docks Loads that block the forward vision Stacking and unstacking on racks Where do these hazards exist in our facility? Customize this slide and subsequent slides, or add slides, to illustrate the load-carrying hazards that are specific to your facility.

19 Riesgos Operativos— Transeúntes
Accidentes que involucran montacargas y transeúntes pueden ser causados por: Visión obstruida Vueltas Exceso de Velocidad Transeúntes que desconocen la presencia del montacargas El llevar pasajeros e ir jugando Slide Show Notes It is important that you are aware of all the potential hazards of the area where you’ll be operating the forklift. There are different types of hazards that you will face. Most forklift mishaps involve pedestrians. The most obvious causes of accidents involving pedestrians are: The view of the forklift operator is blocked by a load or other obstruction in its path. The forklift turns into a pedestrian in front of the forklift or on the side of the forklift. The forklift is speeding and cannot stop in time to avoid a collision. The pedestrians are unaware of forklifts in the area. Carrying passengers on the forklift, which is forbidden Horseplay and not paying attention to warning signs or signals are also hazardous. Can you think of any other causes? Customize this slide and subsequent slides, or add slides, to illustrate the pedestrian hazards that are specific to your facility.

20 Dejar un Montacargas Desatendido
Desatendido significa : que el operador esta a más de 25 pies de distancia del montacargas o que no tiene el montacargas a la vista. 1. ¡Baje la paleta al suelo! 2. Posicione los controles en neutral. 3. Apague el motor 4. Ponga los frenos. Si desmonta el montacargas pero aun así esta cerca necesita por lo menos seguir los pasos 1, 2 & 4.

21 Características y Riesgos del Montacargas—Alguna pregunta?
¿Alguna pregunta acerca de las características o puntos básicos del montacargas? ¿Alguna pregunta acerca de la estabilidad del montacargas? ¿Alguna pregunta acerca de los riesgos específicos a nuestra área de trabajo? Slide Show Notes Do you have any questions about the characteristics or basic features of a forklift? Any questions about the stability of forklifts? Does everyone understand the hazards specific to our workplace? Conduct an exercise that illustrates forklift characteristics or forklift hazards, if appropriate.

22 Conducir una Inspección Pre operativa
Conduzca una inspección pre operativa Siga la lista de inspección Complete y firme la lista de inspección Slide Show Notes Now we’ll discuss general principles for safely operating a forklift. Conduct a preoperational inspection at the start of each work shift to ensure that it will function properly. According to OSHA studies, one in fifteen forklift-related accidents are caused by improper maintenance. A thorough preoperational inspection will catch almost any maintenance issue before it results in an accident. Follow the preoperational inspection checklist. Complete and sign the checklist. Distribute the preoperational inspection form. Tell trainees how often preoperational inspections are required.

23 Inspección Camine Alrededor
Cheque que el montacargas este propiamente desconectado—paleta abajo, llaves retiradas, palanca en neutral, freno en su lugar Cheque el lado izquierdo y derecho—llantas, tuercas, eje, guardia sobre la cabeza y no escombros detras del mastil. Cheque el frente—paleta, mangueras, seguros de la paleta, respaldo, mastil y cadenas. Cheque la parte trasera— contrapeso y radiador Slide Show Notes To begin a preoperational inspection, you will need to do a “walkaround.” First, be sure the forklift has been properly disengaged. The forks down, the key should be off, gears in neutral and the parking brake on. Second, walk to either side of the forklift. Check the tires, ensure that lug nuts are tight and the axle is greased, make sure the overhead guard is solid, and be sure there is no debris around the axle or behind the mast. Next, look at the front of the truck—check that the forks and hoses are in good condition, fork pins are in place, the backrest is solid, and the mast and chains are greased. Last, walk to the rear. Check that the counterbalance bolt is tight and the radiator is clear of debris. Modify this slide to describe any additional inspection procedures required at your facility. Take the employees to a forklift and show them how to do the preoperational inspection. Do this at the end of the class or after this inspection section to give the employees a break from the classroom training.

24 Inspección Camine Alrededor (cont.)
Montacargas que funcionan con-Propano/Gas/Diesel Cheque todos los niveles de aceite y fluidos Cheque la banda del abanico, el abanico y radiador Cheque el tanque, accesorios de manguera y la abrazadera del tanque Montacargas que funcionan con electricidad Cheque la condición de la batería Slide Show Notes The hood on propane-powered forklifts needs to be lifted so that the engine can be inspected: Check engine oil, transmission oil, coolant level, brake fluid, and hydraulic fluid. Check to be sure the fan belt is tight and fan and radiator are clear of debris. Inspect the propane tank and hose attachments for good condition. Does the propane tank clamp work effectively? Any signs of a propane leak? Electric forklifts: Inspect the battery to ensure that it is in good condition. Modify or delete this slide as it applies to your forklifts.

25 Mientras se encuentra en el asiento del Operador
Realice chequeos que no involucre movimiento—indicadores, luces, claxon, alarma trasera, luces de advertencia, mecanismos de inclinación y levantamiento y freno de mano. Realice chequeos que involucren movimiento—cinturon de seguridad, frenos, y direccional Busque por charcos en el suelo causados por goteos de agua o aceite Slide Show Notes Conduct the following inspections while seated on the forklift: With the forklift stationary, check all gauges, lights, the horn, backup alarm, warning light, tilt and lift mechanism, and the parking brake. When checking the tilt, listen for unusual sounds. When checking the lift mechanism, inspect the hoses and chains, and listen for unusual sounds. Check the parking brake by putting the forklift in gear (both forward and reverse) and stepping on the accelerator. The forklift should not move. While operating the forklift, check the seat belt, running brakes, and steering mechanism. Check the running brakes by moving forward and backward at a high speed and slamming on the brakes. The forklift should quickly stop. Inspect the steering by doing full turns to the right and left; listen for unusual sounds. Look for oil or water leaks on the floor. After presenting this slide, it would be a good time to take the employees out of the class to demonstrate the forklift preoperational inspection. Have a couple of the employees also do the inspection so that everyone gets an opportunity to see it done more than once.

26 Operando un Montacargas
Operadores autorizados solamente Reporte accidentes rápidamente Utilice el cinturón de seguridad, siempre. Ninguna persona debajo de la paleta Opere los controles solo desde el asiento del conductor Nunca bloquee las salidas o equipos de emergencia Slide Show Notes For the next few slides, we will discuss the rules of the road. Only authorized operators can use a forklift. Report all forklift-related accidents. Always wear the seat belt. Standing under elevated forks may be deadly if the hydraulic system fails. Operate the forklift only from the driver’s seat. Don’t block exits or emergency equipment with a forklift. Feel free to change the bullet points so that they coincide with the general operating rules of your company. Describe the procedures with trainees if using a forklift as a man lift is permitted by your state and your company. Note that discussing “rules of the road” can put employees to sleep if you just read the rules point for point. Create interaction by asking questions such as “What’s so important about wearing seat belts? They just slow me down when I climb in and out of the forklift.” “What’s wrong with standing under the elevated portion of a forklift?”

27 Procedimientos de Seguridad-Volcaduras
Utilice siempre el cinturón de seguridad Sosténgase del volante Refuerce sus pies Inclínese lejos de la caída Slide Show Notes Forklift tip-overs can cause serious injury and even death to the operator or pedestrians. Seat belts must always be worn. Many fatalities have occurred when an operator without a seat belt was thrown clear of the forklift and struck his or her head on a solid object. If the forklift begins to tip over, do not jump. You should be wearing the seat belt so that it would be hard to jump if you had the seat belt secured. Many operators who thought they could jump clear of a tip-over have been crushed by the overhead guard or the mast of the forklift. Hold firmly to the steering wheel. Brace your feet. Lean away from the fall. Insert additional slides that describe specific hazards at your workplace. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

28 Carga y Descarga Nunca sobrecargue un montacargas
Cheque el peso de la carga Localice el centro de gravedad de la carga Inspeccione la carga (estabilidad) Reacomode cargas inestables Remolque desde la horquilla posterior para remolque Slide Show Notes Never attempt to lift or carry a load beyond the rated capacity on the nameplate. Check the weight of the load. Placing a weight on the back of a forklift to increase load capacity is extremely dangerous. Obviously, the forklift is trying to lift a load over its capacity if this happens. Also, adding weight to the back of the forklift does not increase the capacity of the mast, hydraulic system, chains, or tilt cylinders. Locate the load’s center of gravity. Inspect the load for stability, projections, and damaged pallets before lifting. Restack unstable loads, and secure the load with straps, ropes, or other means of containment if necessary to ensure stability. With wide loads, spread the forks apart as far as possible so that the load will fall inward in case it becomes unstable. Never drill a hole in the forks to use as a way of towing something or as a place to put a chain hook when hoisting. This ruins the integrity of the forks. Forklifts are equipped with a tow bar in the back for towing. Safe attachments can be purchased for use when hoisting. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

29 Levantamiento de la Carga
Acérquese a la carga despacio y directamente. Asegúrese de que las paletas están centradas para distribuir igualmente el peso de la carga Asegúrese de que la carga esta en balance y bien sujeta Maneje hacia el frente hasta que las paletas entren debajo de la carga completamente y la carga se encuentre descansando contra el carrito Levante la carga lo suficientemente alto para despejar el camino y después incline el mástil hacia atrás. Cheque detrás de usted, a ambos lados y hacia arriba antes de moverse

30 Viajando Mantenga la vista en dirección de su camino
Mantenga su cuerpo dentro del compartimiento Mantenga la paleta baja mientras viaja Suene el claxon No maneje rápido Cheque por holgura Mantenga la carga ligeramente inclinada hacia atrás Slide Show Notes Remember to always look behind you before backing up. The cage is there to protect your body. Many operators have a bad habit of traveling while raising or lowering a load. This can cause an unstable situation and a possible tip-over. When traveling, keep the load low. Sound the horn at corners, when crossing aisles, near doorways, and anywhere your view is obstructed. A safe speed is a speed at which you can quickly and easily stop if a pedestrian steps out in front of you. Watch for your clearance for overhead installations when lifting your load, and check the clearance when turning because the rear end swings wide. Image Credit: State of WA-WISHA Services

31 Viajando (cont.) Evite objetos sueltos u hoyos
Mantenga la carga ligeramente inclinada hacia atrás Nunca lleve pasajeros Los transeúntes siempre tienen el derecho de paso Mantenga una distancia segura de las orillas de rampas y muelles Nunca COMA, BEBA O FUME!!! NO JUEGUE!!! Slide Show Notes Loose objects or holes can cause the forklift to tip over. Passengers are never to be carried because they don’t have a seat, there is no seat belt, and their bodies will be outside the protective cage. Always be aware of pedestrians, who have the right-of-way. Operating too close to the edge of ramps or docks is a disaster waiting to happen. Eating and drinking distracts from the job of operating safely. Horseplay does not need an explanation.

32 Acomodo de la Carga Inspeccione el área para el acomodo de la carga
Deténgase y lentamente eleve la carga a la altura deseada Acomode la carga de manera encuadrada Mire y después retroceda lentamente

33 Rampas y Vías de Tren No voltee en una rampa
Cargas de cara ascendiente Vaya despacio Nunca se estacione en la rampa de un muelle (plataforma)!! Atraviese las vías en diagonal Nunca se estacione dentro de 8 millas cercanas al centro de la vías Slide Show Notes Turning on a ramp is a good way to tip over. Keeping the load upgrade will keep the combined center of gravity in the center of the stability triangle. Drive slowly, especially on downgrades of ramps where the combined weight of the load and gravity will decrease the effectiveness of the brakes. Crossing railroad tracks diagonally will help keep the lift truck stable. If you park within 8 feet of the center of railroad tracks, you may be hit by a train when it passes.

34 Plataformas Inspeccione la lamina del muelle
Cheque la condición del piso del trailer Asegúrese de que las llantas del trailer están obstruidas Asegúrese de que la punta del trailer esta soportada por el camión o un gato fijo. Slide Show Notes These four habits are crucial to safety when loading/unloading trailers with a forklift: Check the dock plate for cracks or signs of wear, and be sure it is properly secured. Check the trailer floor for holes that the tire of a forklift could fall into, causing a tip-over. Chock the trailer wheels to prevent trailer creep. Support the nose of the trailer. Make sure your facility has proper dock plates, wheel chocks, and trailer supports.

35 Estacionamiento No bloquee salidas o pasillos Baje la paleta
Posicione la palanca en neutral Ponga el freno Apague el motor Slide Show Notes Make sure you do not park in a way that will block exits or access to emergency equipment. Lower the forks to the ground to prevent someone from getting their body under forks. Set the gear in neutral. Set the parking brake. Turn off the key. Check the company policy for removing the key when parking. Show trainees the designated areas for parking forklifts, if any.

36 ¿Qué esta mal aquí? Identifique los riesgos Slide Show Notes
Can you identify what’s wrong with this scene? The forklift is parked on a sloping surface, so it can roll backward. The forks are not fully lowered, so a pedestrian’s feet could get caught under a falling load.

37 ¿Qué esta mal aquí?

38 ¿Qué esta mal aquí?

39 ¿Qué esta mal aquí?

40 ¿Qué esta mal aquí?

41 ¿Qué esta mal aquí?

42 Relleno del Tanque de Propano
Gas altamente inflamable—no fume Reporte fugas inmediatamente Aroma distintivo Sonidos de siseo Escarcha en accesorios Use guantes y gafas de seguridad Tenga un extintor a la mano Slide Show Notes Do not smoke around propane. It is a highly combustible gas that can cause a fire or even explode if not handled correctly. Report propane leaks immediately. Leaks can be detected by: the distinct odor a hissing sound frost on the fittings Minimum personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements for propane refueling are gloves and safety glasses. Additional PPE might be goggles or a face shield. Modify this slide to describe your specific propane fueling requirements if you use propane-powered forklifts; otherwise, delete or hide the slide. Physically demonstrate to all operators of propane-powered forklifts how to refuel them, unless refueling operations are restricted to special personnel. Refer to the forklift’s manual for specific refueling procedures.

43 Relleno del Tanque de Propano (Cont.)
Apague el montacargas. Póngase su EPP Cierre la válvula. Encienda el montacargas – deje que la linea se vacie. Desconecte el tanque y reemplace con un tanque lleno Asegúrese de que la conexión de la válvula esta asegurada. Abra la válvula. **Siempre cierre la válvula al final del día

44 Cargar la Batería Cargue la batería solo en áreas protegidas y ventiladas Inspeccione los conectores de la batería en búsqueda de daños No fume Limpie inmediatamente cualquier derrame de la batería Los derrames de la batería son altamente corrosivos—utilice EPP Tenga un extintor a la mano Slide Show Notes Charge batteries only in areas designated for this activity and with adequate ventilation. Inspect all battery connectors for damage or excessive wear. Hydrogen gas is released during the recharging process, so smoking in the area should be prohibited. Clean up electrolyte spills with baking soda (acid neutralizer) and water. Never remove battery caps except to add water or take hydrometer readings. Battery electrolyte is highly corrosive, so always use a face mask, acid-resistant gloves, and an apron when working with batteries because you never know when the electrolyte might bubble or gas up. Use this slide if you use electric-powered forklifts; otherwise, delete or hide it. Physically demonstrate to all operators of electric-powered forklifts how to recharge them, unless this job is limited to specially trained individuals. Refer to the forklift’s manual for specific recharging procedures.

45 Gas y Diesel Apague el motor y ponga el freno de mano antes de rellenar. Limpie cualquier derrame de combustible antes de encender el motor. Asegúrese de que el tapón del tanque este nuevamente en su lugar antes de encender la unidad. NO FUME Tenga un extintor cercano

46 Envenenamiento por Monóxido de Carbono
Los motores de combustión interna producen monóxido de carbono. Este gas puede acumularse rápidamente en áreas cubiertas. Las personas pueden quedar abrumadas por el gas sin realizar el hecho de que están siendo expuestos. Confusión, dolor de cabeza, mareos, fatiga y debilidad pueden presentarse rápidamente complicando el que las victimas se salven a si mismos. El envenenamiento por monóxido de carbono puede causar daño permanente al cerebro, incluyendo cambios de personalidad y memoria. Una vez inhalado, el monóxido de carbono disminuye la habilidad de la sangre para llevar oxigeno al cerebro y a órganos vitales. Aun niveles bajos de monóxido de carbono pueden desencadenar dolores en el pecho y ataques al corazón a personas con problemas de arteria coronaria.

47 Inspección, Operación y Mantenimiento—¿Preguntas?
¿Alguna pregunta acerca de los procedimientos de inspección? ¿Alguna pregunta acerca de los procedimientos de operación? ¿Alguna pregunta acerca del mantenimiento del vehículo? Slide Show Notes Does everyone understand the inspection procedures? Any questions about operating procedures? Any questions about vehicle maintenance? Conduct an inspection, operation, and maintenance exercise, if appropriate.

48 Patina Hidráulica Manual
Posicione la carga a partes iguales Camine despacio Camine hacia atrás en inclinaciones y espacios cerrados Asegúrese de que las llantas y el mango del gato esta operando de manera correcta. Lubrique cuando sea necesario. Cheque el mecanismo de ascenso Nunca viaje encima de una paleta No utilice las paletas como palancas o barras. No utilice una paleta angosta para mover cargas anchas No utilice si: Las llantas no están alineadas Las paletas levantan de manera desigual

49 Puntos Clave a Recordar
Riesgos en las instalaciones incluyen transeúntes, condiciones ambientales y carga/descarga Posicione la carga cercana al respaldo vertical Conduzca siempre y documente la inspección pre operativa Siga las reglas de operación en el camino Siempre recargue/rellene en áreas ventiladas y use el EPP adecuado Slide Show Notes Here are some key points to remember from this training session: Facility hazards include pedestrians (e.g., obstructed view), environmental conditions (e.g., traveling on ramps), and loading/unloading. Position loads close to the vertical backrest. The maximum load capacity of the forklift decreases as the load center is positioned outward from the fork face. Always conduct and document a preoperational inspection. Follow the safe operating rules of the road. Always refuel/recharge in ventilated areas and wear proper PPE. Review the pedestrian, environmental, and loading/unloading hazards specific to your facility. Discuss how the load center impacts capacity and the importance of positioning loads close to the vertical fork face in order to keep the center of gravity in the triangle. Reemphasize the importance of preoperational inspections. Review the basic safety rules of operation at your facility. Review the safety procedures of refueling. Now it’s time for the quiz.

50 Referencias BLR