Inspecciones de Clase y Estatutarias Caracas Noviembre 2012

Presentación del tema: "Inspecciones de Clase y Estatutarias Caracas Noviembre 2012"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Inspecciones de Clase y Estatutarias Caracas Noviembre 2012
Have this slide projected as people are entering the training room. The opening welcome and introduction to the course is very much a personal thing. You should do this in a way that is appropriate to your audience and your personal training style.

2 Información general Evacuación por Fuego y Emergencia
Servicios Sanitarios Area Fumadores Teléfonos celulares Almuerzo y Coffee Break Materiales Asistencia Introducciones Domestic Arrangements Fire and emergency evacuation arrangements Smoking policy Toilets and facilities Food and dietary needs Accommodation arrangements (as applicable) Request that delegates switch their mobile phones off during the training sessions. Give a site telephone number for messages (if required). Course Format Introduce the Training Course and explain the format: Presentation Discussion Practical Exercises Assessment

3 Reglas Comenzar y Terminar en Hora Participar y Hacer Preguntas
Cometer Errores Trabajar Juntos Disfrutar start and end on time Course Timetable Refer delegates to the above handout, which they should have received as part of the pre-course information pack. Agree the timetable with the delegates. Make sure you have spare copies. participate and ask questions If you want to know something - ask, that’s what we are here for. If we don’t know the answer then we will find someone who does. You can also use Post-It Notes to write down your questions and stick them on the ‘Parking Lot’ at the back of the room. Please write your name on these notes. make mistakes There is no such thing as failure, only feedback. Mistakes are an inherent and valuable part of the learning process. work together Co-operate with the people around you, especially in the practical sessions. enjoy yourself Have fun; it will make what you have learned more memorable.

4 Objetivos Los objetivos de este curso son:
Explicar los roles de una Sociedad de Clasificación Clarificar los Requerimientos de la Sociedad de Clasificación y las Inspecciones Estatutarias Dar una guía práctica para la preparación de las Inspecciones

5 Objetivos de este curso
Al final de este curso, Usted podrá: Entender el POR QUÉ de la Clasificación de Buques y el rol de las Sociedades de Clasificación para asegurar estándares marítimos. Entender las diferencias entre los requerimientos de clase y los estatutarios. Hablar con conocimientos firmes sobre el ciclo de inspecciones de un buque. Planear las inspecciones de manera eficiente.

6 Qué es Clasificación? Implementación Global de Reglas cubriendo:
Resistencia Estructural del Casco Seguridad y Fiabilidad de los sistemas de propulsión y gobierno Eficacia de los Sistemas Auxiliares Esenciales What is Classification? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Worldwide implementation of Rules Covering: Classification is the:- development (how, R&D, feedback, empirical) publication and worldwide implementation (plan approval, periodical surveys) of a set of published rules and regulations. Partnership (owner - care & conduct, maintenance, good seamanship) between the class society, owner and operator. Covers: Structural strength of the hull Structural strength & WT integrity essential parts of hull & appendages Safety and reliability of propulsion and steering systems Effectiveness of essential auxiliary systems Maintain basic conditions so that cargoes & personnel safe at sea, anchor and in harbour Expand on the definition as appropriate depending on the feedback you get from the delegates. Explain what it does not generally cover eg. Flotational stability, life saving appliances, pollution prevention, structural fire protection. Exceptions Pt 6 Ch.4 eg. Non SOLAS ships smaller than 500 grt etc. Point out that as with anything, there are always exceptions, e.g. load line items are in the rules so for example, air pipes are looked at during class annual survey regardless of who issues the load line certificate Why is it called classification? strange name, understand origins

7 Cuáles son los Orígenes de la Clasificación?
Necesidad Comercial de Reducir las Pérdidas de Buques y Cargas Sistema de Evaluación Elaborado e Introducción de Registros Sistema de Evaluación Continuo What are the origins of Classification? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Commercial need to reduce losses of ships and cargoes Before 1760 ships built best practice by Master Shipbuilders, in service no surveys, poorly maintained, badly loaded and operated. Insurance brokers unhappy with losses, first surveys, coffee shop, Edward Lloyd, register including grading… DNV set up by Norwegian bankers to safeguard investment Grading system developed & register introduced Originally ships were graded using letters:1764: A E I O U (Hull) and G M B (Equipment) 1768: a b c (Hull) (Equipment) hence "a1" expression so LR proud of origin 1870: Period ship would last added eg. 100 = 100 years 100A1 steel ships would last forever – not heard of RUST!!! 1834: First rules published 1853 Maltese cross first used- Captain Menzies, LR Surveyor in Quebec – LR proud to introduce first ever ‘Quality Mark’ Write following example on flipchart: AG (first class, good equipment) UB (lowest class, bad outfit) Current grading system Nowadays class notations not changing grades (commercially unacceptable). Standards maintained and verified through certification Write following example on flipchart +100A1 Double Hull Oil Tanker, ESP, ShipRight (FDA SDA CM), *IWS LI +LMC IGS UMS Explain build up of class notations and meaning of individual notations. Explain about locations in the Register Book and meaning of descriptive notations, COC's and memorandums. Refer delegates to Part 1 of the Regulations and show notations

8 Cuál es el rol de la Sociedad de Clasificación en la industria marítima actual?
Servicios de Clasificación Servicios Estatutarios Servicios de Consultoría What is the role of a Classification Society in the marine industry today? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Classification Services Typically structural plan approval, materials certification, machinery manufacture, new construction and periodical surveys. Statutory Services Typically intact and damage stability plan approval, statutory surveys including safety equipment. Consultancy Services Additional technical services including FOBAS, risk assessment, TID as well as marine Training etc. Much more than the application of a set of rules. In addition to the above LR's involvement with IMO, IACS, flag administrations, training etc. Depending on the feedback you get from the delegates discuss as appropriate.

9 Qué otros entes marítimos existen para mejorar las normas de seguridad y prevenir la contaminación?
International Maritime Organisation (IMO) International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Estado Rector del Puerto (Port State Control - PSC) Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. After listing state that there are 3 you would like to concentrate on International Maritime Organisation (IMO) International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) 10 members, 1 associate member. Around ships 94% of total world tonnage Origins from 1938 Loadline Convention where Class asked to provide technical input, then again at 1968 LL, held consultative status since 1969, can produce Rules Port State Control (PSC) State that you will show a part of an interactive production that will detail the role and structure of both IMO and PSC and in addition detail some of the most significant statutory codes and conventions how they created and applied. Discuss IACS, membership, code of ethics etc. then show video. Now Show slides 1-24 of INT 1 of Hull Planned Maintenance Scheme Disc You can also discuss European Union involvement – EMSA, USCG

10 Cuál es la diferencia entre una Inspección de Clase y una Inspección Estatutaria?
Inspección de Clase – Es en nombre de una Sociedad Inspección Estatutaria – Es en nombre de la Administración de la Bandera What is difference between a Class Survey and a Statutory Survey? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Class Survey – on behalf of a Society A classification survey is the inspection against the Rules and Regulations on behalf of a Classification Society. Statutory Survey – on behalf of the flag administration A statutory survey is being conducted on behalf of the flag administration for the country with which the ship is registered. Discuss how class knows which statutory surveys it may conduct - and variation in flag authorisations, discuss reasons for differing levels i.e. flag wanting to be seen to be fulfilling its own statutory obligations (MCA) or flag maybe not having enough resources and delegating to RO's not just a sign of level of trust. Also discuss flag requirements e.g. Marshall Is EEBD's. Refer to annex 1 of delegate notes for examples of authorisations

11 Relación entre inspecciones de clase y estatutarias
Fuego y Salvamento Comunicaciones Estabilidad en avería Maquinaria de propulsión, gobierno, sistemas eléctricos y de control. Francobordo Estabilidad intacta Accidental Operacional Convenciones OMI Seguridad (SOLAS) Flotabilidad (Líneas de carga) Polución (MARPOL) Estructura Clasificación Implementación de estándares para: - Estructura - Maquinaria Gobierno - Sistemas Eléctricos - Sistemas de Control - Equipos de Fondeo - Maquinaria Propulsión Following on from last slide. Clarify what is class and what is statutory. Discuss briefly the differences and similarities Certificación Estatutaria

12 Cómo los buques entran en Clase?
Nuevas construcciones. How do ships enter class? New construction Hellespont Metropolis and Alhambra, Built under ABS and LR survey in Daewoo in 2002, 234,500 GT/ 441,655 DWT and then classed LR on delivery (now owned by Tecto/Euronav of Belgium, renamed TI Africa) No bridge wings – CCTV for mooring, accepted by Marshall Islands flag White – less evaporation of lighter fractions – kerosenes etc 40 yr fatigue life Double scrubber on IG for sulphur removal How is class chosen, who chooses, owners preference or ship yard recommendations. Reasons for recommendations pg.13. Only 50% of owners have a preference? So if we look at world shipbuilders, Korea 50%, Japan 11%, China 13% and increasing and take for example HHI build 50% of Korean tonnage, so therefore HHI build 25% of world ships and therefore choose class of 12½% of world ships – obvious must keep HHI happy!. Who is the class society's client? Request for services signed between who? Not surveyors job all items in owner’s spec. are fulfilled. What are the requirements for a new ship building to class? Write down feedback. As of the end of the 2005/06 financial year the classed LR fleet stood at over 127 million gross tons or 7,397 vessels (of all types).  The average age of the fleet was 17 years. To put this into context, at the end of 2005 there were a total of 92,225 propelled sea going merchant ships (of not less than 100 gross tons) worldwide with a gross registered tonnage of 683 million gross tons.  LR had 18.1% of these vessels (tonnage proportions), behind NKK with 19.8%.

13 Aprobación de planos Plans Approved
All construction plans and particulars relating to hull, equipment and machinery approved before work commenced.

14 Construcción de Casco bajo Inspección Especial (SS) de LR
Hull constructed under LR's Special Survey Materials, arrangements, workmanship to surveyors satisfaction and in accordance with LR's Rules and the approved drawings.

15 Maquinaria construída bajo Inspección Especial de LR
Machinery Constructed under LR's Special Survey The machinery and the components making up the machinery items are to be manufactured, constructed, installed and tested under survey. Beginning to end Forging Machining Test bed Finally complete test on sea trials

16 Materiales Fabricados en Establecimientos Aprobados
Materials Made at Approved Works The materials used in the construction of the hull and manufacture of machinery are to be made at a works approved by LR and are to be of good quality and free of defects. LR Grade A LR certified steel only but small amounts of other class certified is acceptable

17 Disponibilidad de planos as-built (como construido)
Drawings detailing the ship as delivered to be made available for use by LR after delivery for use in repairs etc. Comment on checklists and forms completed by the newbuilding surveyors included in Annex 2 of the delegate notes. Bring to delegates attention shipbuilder’s signed declaration on FE rpt. Discuss delegates difficulties in getting ‘as-builts’ from the yard Reviewed by FE department, endorsed and submitted to Classification Committee for entry into class. Issue of First Entry into Classification Certificate and entered into the register book

18 Cómo entran en clase los buques?
Buques existentes. Existing ship An existing ship/ship in service entering class for the first time, from a non IACS member or from an IACS member.

19 Las 3 rutas para que los buques existentes entren en Clase
Transferencia de Clase (TOC) Reclasificación Aceptación en Clase (AIC) Transfer of Class (TOC) Initial request, review, >15years old pre-inspection, formal “Request for Classification” no maltese cross assigned Reclassification May get maltese cross back if appropriate! Not to be confused with re-instatement Acceptance into Class (AIC) Discuss differences between the above, from IACS member, previously classed by LR, from a non IACS member. Discuss possible reasons for TOC, change of owner (owners preference), change of charterer, financiers requirement, unhappy with service of existing class. Discuss TOC agreement and prevention of class hopping include requirements for pre-inspection of 15 year old ships, surveys to be up to date and COC's dealt with. Discuss new (1/1/03) requirement for overdue COC's of 15 year old ships to be dealt with to the satisfaction of the loosing society. Discuss notations i.e. equivalents assigned but no maltese cross.

20 Inspecciones Periódicas y Ciclo de Inspecciones
Cuáles son las inspecciones periódicas? Qué es un ciclo de inspección? Ciclo de inspección continuo (CSM, CSH) Ciclo de inspección especial (ES, SS) Sistema Armonizado de Inspección y Certificación What are periodical surveys? Periodical surveys cover both classification and statutory surveys. They are the surveys that take place following satisfactory completion of Initial Surveys which have confirmed compliance with class or statutory requirements. A range of surveys held periodically on or around the anniversary date of the issue of the appropriate certificate the frequency and scope of which is laid down in rules, codes and conventions. Renewal surveys are held at the end of the Survey Cycle (usually up to 5 years after the initial survey or previous renewal survey). What is a survey cycle? The survey cycle is the period between renewal surveys during which all the required periodical surveys are performed. Continuous survey cycle (CSM, CSH) Some surveys are permitted to be carried out on a continuous basis and are known as Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) or Continuous Survey Hull (CSH). 20% of the items required to be inspected once in the 5 year cycle are surveyed each year so that by the end of the cycle all items have been examined. The items examined in the 1st year of the 1st cycle would be required to be examined in the 1st year of the 2nd cycle so that a maximum of 5 years exists between surveys of specific items. CSH is not permitted for ship types such as oil tankers and bulk carriers and other ships required to have an Enhanced Survey Program (ESP). CSM is popular for larger ships due to the number of items to be surveyed. Special survey cycle (ES, SS) In the case of an Engine Survey (ES) for machinery items or Special Survey (SS) for hull items all surveys are required to be completed in one survey. Smaller ships for practical reasons will be on ES and SS. ESP ships will be required to be on SS for hull but will normally be on CSM for machinery. Non ESP ships will tend to opt for CSH and CSM Harmonised System of Survey & Certification Came into force 1998 as a result of 1988 SOLAS amendments. Certain governments have fully implemented the 1988 Protocol allowing harmonization of the statutory surveys with the 5 year classification cycle. Other governments have agreed to implement the system by adopting IMO Res. A883(21) which also allows statutory certificates to be issued valid for 5years. Draw on flipchart to emphasise changes in SS up to SS4 Initial IS SS4 SS3 SS2 SS1 SS5 Same scope from here onwards Special Surveys Ship life expectancy Pax 40 yrs General cargo yrs LNG 40 yrs

21 Cuáles son las principales Inspecciones de Clase?
Clase (Casco) Inspección Especial (SS) Inspección intermedia (ITSS/ITMS) Inspección Anual (AS) Dique Seco (DS) Clase (Maquinaria) Continua de Maquinaria (CSM) or Inspección de Maquinarias (ES) Inspección Linea de eje (TS) Inspección de Calderas (BS) Sketch survey cycle diagram on flipchart as you go through the surveys. Special Survey (SS) Required once every 5 years, maximum extension 3 months but requires special permission plus AS and Stat. surveys to be completed before extension will be contemplated. During SS all structural items are required to be examined and tested in accordance with an increasing scope from SS1 to SS4 as the ship gets older. The scope is also dependent on the ship type Part 1 of LR’s Rules and Regulations for Ships Ex pages 12, 13 and 15 Intermediate Surveys (ITSS/ITMS) ITSS to be held at the mid point of the survey cycle usually in line with the 2nd or 3rd AS. Applicable to all ships <15 years old and non ESP ships = or >15 years old ITMS as per ITSS but applicable to ESP ships 10 years or older. Survey extent equivalent to the previous SS without tank testing (unless repairs made) Annual Surveys (AS) Due at each anniversary of the date of issue of the current class certificate. The survey is to be completed within +/- 3 months of the anniversary date otherwise automatic suspension of class (result confirmation of class not possible). Usually 2 days duration. Purpose to give LR chance to gain an overview of the ship’s condition and whether it is being adequately maintained in order for another year’s service . Docking Surveys (DS) 2 to be held in a 5 year period. No more than 36 months between DS with one IWS allowed to replace the intermediate DS except for ESP ships greater than 15 years of age where IWS is not permitted as per IMO Res. A744(18) (eff. 1/7/2002) Class (Machinery) Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) Method of carrying out Complete Survey of Machinery. Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) 20% of the items required to be inspected once in the 5 year cycle are surveyed each year so that by the end of the cycle all items have been examined. The items examined in the 1st year of the 1st cycle would be required to be examined in the 1st year of the 2nd cycle so that a maximum of 5 years exists between surveys of specific items. CSM is popular for larger ships due to the number of items to be surveyed.LR Rules and Regs. for Ships Part 1 Ch.2 Sec (page 9) and Ch.3 Sec.11 (page 35)6th Engine Survey (ES) Method of carrying out Complete Survey of Machinery. Must be completed within 12 moths of commencement. All items detailed in Part 1 Ch.3 Sec 11 (page 35) of the Rules to be examined. If ES completed more than 3 months before due date new date recorded will be the final date of survey (5 years from this date for due date of next ES). Completion within 3 months of the due date completion date = 5th anniversary date. Tailshaft Survey (TS) Keyed, keyless or flanged tailshafts fitted with continuous liners, approved oil glands or made of corrosion resistant materials are to be surveyed at 5 year intervals. With SCM and data within permissible limits shaft need not be withdrawn.2 ½ year intervals if not as per the above e.g. fitted with non approved oil glands.

22 Cuáles son las Principales Inspecciones Estatutarias?
Seguridad de Construcción (Safcon) Franco Bordo (LL) Seguridad de Equipo (SE) Seguridad de Radio (SR) Prevención de la Contaminación (Marpol) + Gestión de Seguridad (ISM) Seguridad de Buques e Instalaciones Portuarias (ISPS) Statutory All stat certs are valid for a maximum of 5 years Safety Construction (Safcon) Survey Issued on delivery, valid 5 years subject to annual survey. Covers the structural integrity and fire protection in accordance with the requirements of SOLAS excluding items covered by the Safety Equipment Survey. Satisfactory completion of the Class Annual Survey Checklist indicates compliance with SAFCON requirements. Loadline (LL) Survey Issued on delivery, valid 5 years subject to annual survey. As per SAFCON requirements LL requirements are incorporated fully in the Class AS requirements. Safety Equipment (SE) Survey Issued on delivery, usually valid 5 years subject to annual survey unless the flag state has not agreed the 1988 SOLAS Protocol or IMO Res. A883(21) in which case a 2 year cycle may be applicable. SE related items account for the vast majority of PSC problems usually due to poor maintenance. In addition a feature of SE is that requirements are being continually added. Safety Radio (SR) Survey If harmonized system applicable SR cert. valid for 5 years with an annual survey each year. If non harmonized certs may be valid for just 1 year with annual renewal surveys. Radio surveys are always conducted by LR approved contractors if LR is issuing the SR cert. LR issues/endorses the SR cert on the basis of the contractor’s reports. Marine Pollution (Marpol) Survey Cert. valid for 5 years subject to satisfactory completion of an annual survey. The scope of survey depends on whether the ship is a tanker or non-tanker, details of equipment and arrangements to be examined are detailed on the Record of Construction and Equipment either Form A (for tankers) or Form B (for non tankers) Many leading oil producing countries including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iran and Iraq are not signatories to the convention, in such cases a Certificate of Compliance is issued International Safety Management (lSM) Audit Certs issued, following an initial audit, to both the company (DOC) and the ship (SMC) for the effective implementation of the safety management system. Both valid for 5 years before renewal is required. During the 5 year validity of the SMC at least one intermediate verification audit (IVA) is required. If one IVA in a 5 year period must be between 2nd and 3rd anniversary dates of the SMC. This differs to the DOC which requires the company to undergo annual Periodic Verification Audits (PVA’s) +/-3months anniversary date of DOC If ownership of the ship changes the ship’s SMC immediately becomes invalid.

23 INTERVALOS DE INSPECCIONES
+ 3 MESES ITTS - 3 MESES DS + AS SS DS o IWS DS + AS SS AS AS AS AS 1er AÑO 2do AÑO 3er AÑO 4to AÑO 5to AÑO AS= Visita Anual DS = Visita en Dique Seco SS = Visita Especial ITTS= Visita Intermedia IWS= Inspección Subacua

24 Ciclo de inspección – Inspecciones Estatutarias
AÑOS 1 2 3 4 5 < INTERMEDIA > Seg. Const. IA IR Fco. Bdo. IA IR < PERIODICA > Survey Cycle – Statutory surveys Explain meaning of SCI, PLI, SEI, SRI, MOI, ISM, AS, RS, IA, RA Not allowed to extend further than 5 years. For vessels on HSSC the 2nd or 3rd AS becomes an intermediate survey which may require certain items to be examined in greater detail. Note ISM for Safety Management Certificate (SMC). Initial audit, Intermediate Verification Audit (IVA) and Renewal Audit. Other surveys such as for Carriage of Dangerous Goods etc. follows the same cycle. HSSC obviously increases efficiency of the survey regime but often requires the attendance of more than 1 surveyor due to the number of surveys being held at one time (2 or even 3 may be required). Additionally HSSC has reduced the number of individual visits to ships each year typically from 3 or 4 visits to 1 or 2 (probably 1 if the ship has a planned maintenance scheme in operation) Seg. Equi. IA IR Seg. Rad. IP IR < INTERMEDIA > Marpol IA IR AR ISM/ISPS AVI IA: Inspección Anual - IR: Inspección de Renovación - IP: Inspección Periódica - AVI: Auditoria de Verificación Intermedia - AR: Auditoria de Renovación

25 And again run through quickly - explain the CD live screen with non-harmonised surveys.

26 Preparación para las inspecciones
Planificación de las Inspecciones Preparación para Inspecciones Aprobación de Planos. Uso de personal aprobado. Debida presentación de informes. Involucramiento de la Clase / Bandera Planning for surveys ClassDirect Live will provide most of the information that the ship needs such as survey due dates, lists of approved contractors. Planning with the surveyor will avoid unnecessary delays and avoid items being overlooked by revealing the full scope of the survey. Leading to better….. Preparation for surveys Examples including opening up tanks in time, vented (gas free), cleaned and ready for survey. Tank testing can be planned for and carried out well in advance of arrival for dry docking during operation. A well prepared ship and a well prepared surveyor is the best combination for efficiency and cost effectiveness. Plan approval Remember structural alterations to a ship need to be approved and plans should be submitted for approval well in advance. Major alterations such as lengthening in addition to requiring structural plan approval may effect other requirements such as the provision of life saving / fire fighting equipment, items such as stability will be effected. Use of approved contractors Equipment onboard should be serviced by LR approved contractors. Lists available on CD Live or from LR local offices Timely submission of report details Particularly TM reports which are especially important when steel renewal work may be necessary, identifying areas of substantial corrosion which will increase future survey requirements possibly leading to steel renewal at inconvenient times. Help us to help you! Class/Flag involvement For items which do not fall under the responsibility of class e.g. where LR is not authorized to conduct a survey the flag admin may need to be contacted early to organize their attendance at the time of other surveys. Contact details can be obtained from the local LR office surveyor. Remember; Fail to plan, plan to fail………….

27 Objetivos de aprendizaje
Ahora usted puede: Entender el POR QUÉ de la Clasificación de Buques y el rol de las Sociedades de Clasificación para asegurar estándares marítimos. Entender las diferencias entre los requerimientos de clase y los estatutarios. Hablar con conocimientos firmes sobre el ciclo de inspecciones de un buque. Planear las inspecciones de manera eficiente.

28 Preguntas

29 Marine Training Services
Jorge Pérez Prieto Senior Surveyor Lloyd´s Register Central and South America Ltd Cerrito 1294, 16th Floor C1010AAZ, Buenos Aires, Argentina Tel.: Mov. +54 (911)