Los PRONOMBRES PRONOUNS SUBJECT DIRECT OBJECT INDIRECT OBJECT REFLEXIVE

PRONOUNS Pronouns take the place of nouns. The nouns may be Proper: (Enrique, María) The nouns may be Common: (la profesora magnífica, el libro)

SUBJECT PRONOUNS In Spanish, unlike in English, the subject pronoun is optional because the “doer” of the action is stated within the verb. Yo = Inosotros/as =we Tú = youvosotros/as = you Él = heellos = they Ella = sheellas = they Usted = youustedes = you

Therefore: (Yo) llegué a la fiesta a las diez. (Tú) tienes que sacar la basura. (Él/Ella) viene temprano a la escuela. (Nosotros/as) escribimos apuntes en clase. (Ellos/as) no hablan español muy bien. NB: an exception to this rule is usted(ustedes) which are used to show respect.

OBJECT PRONOUNS In English, object pronouns follow the verb but in Spanish they occupy an unusual place in the sentence; they generally come before the conjugated verb. Ej: Me llamó mi mamá a las once. Object pronouns may also be attached to an unconjugated verb such as an infinitive or a present participle. Ej: Mamá va a llamarme a las once. Alguien está llamándome ahora.

the OBJECT PRONOUNS Me = me; to me, for me; myself Te = you; to you, for you; yourself Lo = him/it La = her/it Le = to him/her; for him/her Se = himself/herself/itself Nos = us; to us, for us; ourselves Los = them Las = them Les = to them, for them Se = themselves; yourselves

DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS Me = MeNos = Us Te= You Os = You Lo = Him, You, ItLos = Them La = Her, You, ItLas = Them

DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS Did you see Marta? Yes, I saw her. ¿Viste a Marta? Sí, la vi. Do you have the wallet? No, I don’t have it. ¿Tienes la cartera? No, no la tengo. Mom helped us with our homework. Mamá nos ayudó con nuestra asignación.

INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS Me = to/for me Te = to/for you Le = to/for you/him/her Nos = to/for us Os = to/for you Les = to/for you/them

The “To/ForTest” Place “to” or “for” in front of the object pronoun. If the sentence makes sense, then the object is indirect and requires the indirect object pronoun. Ej: Me dieron una docena de rosas. They gave a dozen roses (to) me. Me is an indirect object. Les copiaron los datos correctos. They copied the correct information (for) them. Les is an indirect object.

INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS Me dio el dinero Manuel. Manuel gave me the money. (Manuel gave the money to me.) ¿Te hablaron tus primos? Did you cousins talk to you? Les ofrecí la oportunidad de ganar mucho dinero. I offered (to) them the opportunity to make a lot of money.

TE TOCA A TI IT’S YOUR TURN CHOOSE THE CORRECT OBJECT PRONOUN FOR EACH OF THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES. IT MAY BE DIRECT OR INDIRECT.

¿Tienes los libros de Marta? Sí, _______ tengo aquí. ¿Estudiaron el nuevo vocabulario? No, todavía no _______ estudiamos. ¿Dónde ponemos las fotos? Tienen que poner_____ en la mesa.

¿Habló Tere con tu hermano? Sí, ______ habló anteayer. Voy a llamar a Esteban por teléfono. No, no _____ llames ahora, por favor. Vamos a ver la película ahora, ¿verdad? No, no ______ quiero ver.

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS Me = to/for myself Te = to/for yourself Se = to/ for himself, herself, yourself Nos = to/for ourselves Os = to/for yourselves Se = to/for themselves, yourselves

Reflexive pronouns, like object pronouns, precede the conjugated verb. These pronouns suggest that the person doing the action is also the receiver. Ej. He helped himself to a large piece of pie. They worked hard to better themselves. She threw herself into the pool. I can’t help myself! I’m too good-looking!

REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS Me lavo las manos frecuentemente. ¿Te afeitas todos los días? Marcia se viste rápido por la mañana. Nos despertamos tarde hoy. Mis hermanas se maquillan todos los días. Note that Me is used with the yo form of the verb, Te with the tú form, Se with the él/ella form, Nos with the nosotros form, etc.

TE TOCA AHORA Say whether the following object pronouns are Direct, Indirect or Reflexive. Edgardo se sirve la comida. Me llamaron anoche. Ana le pone los zapatos a su hermanita. Jesús te va a traer el menú ahora. ¿Me ayudas, por favor? ¡No me digas eso! Nos sirven comida buenísmia en ese café. No le gustó la película. Te lee el periódico.