Gramática 2 Capítulo 4
Verbs with reflexive pronouns and D.O.s You can use a reflexive pronoun with a direct object. The DO is usually a part of the body or something that you put on. El cocinero se cortó el dedo. The cook cut his finger. Se puso una curita. He put on a bandage.
Verbs with reflexive pronouns and D.O.s Reminder: Pronouns (even reflexive) go –just before a conjugated verb. Esa jugador se está vendando la mano. or –attached to the end of an infinitive or the present participle. Esa jugador va a vendarse la mano. Esa jugador está vendándose la mano.
Verbs with reflexive pronouns and D.O.s Reminder: Pronouns (even reflexive) are –attached to an affirmative command. Lávate las manos. –between the ‘no’ and command in negative commands. No te laves las manos.
Verbs with reflexive pronouns and D.O.s 1.¿Vas a cocinar? (lavarse las manos) 2.¿Te duele la rodilla? (vendarse la rodilla) 3.¿Quieres manos bonitas? (comerse las uñas) 4.¿Tienes la oreja infectada? (ponerse los aretes) Write the affirmative/negative commands for the following contexts. 1.Lávate las manos. 2.Véndate la rodilla. 3.No te comas las uñas. 4.No te pongas los aretes.
Past participles used as adjectives Verbs have a form called the past participle. This can be used as an adjective. When used as an adjective, the past participle must agree in gender and number! Ej: My ankle is sprained.
To form past participles 1.Drop the –ar, -er, -ir 2.Add –ado (for –ar verbs) or –ido (for –er/-ir verbs) hinch torc ar er ado ido
Irregular past participles romper roto abrir abierto
Form these past participles: hinchar (to swell) cortar (to cut) infectar (to infect) quemar (to burn) vendar (to bandage/wrap) torcer (to twist) herir (to hurt) hinchado (swollen) cortado (cut) infectado (infected) quemado (burned) vendado (bandaged / wrapped) torcido (twisted) herido (hurt)
Práctica: Form the past participle el dedo / infectar los pies / hinchar el tobillo / vendar el codo / romper la mano / herir las muñecas / romper la rodilla / abrir infectado hinchados vendado roto herida rotas abierta
Preterite of verbs like caer -er/-ir verbs that have a stem that ends in a vowel: –In the third person, the i in the ending changes to a y. –You need to add an accent to the tú and nosotros endings.
Por ejemplo: caerse me caínos caímos te caíste se cayóse cayeron
Por ejemplo: leer leíleímos leíste leyóleyeron