Unidad 2 Etapa 1 “Un Día de Clases”

Introduction to verb conjugation. Click Here.

The present tense is used when talking about things we are currently doing. It can also be used to talk about things in the near future. In English and Spanish verb conjugation must occur to make the sentence make sense. ALL VERBS MUST AGREE WITH THE SUBJECTS! In English, we use a lot of helping verbs to communicate present actions. “She is swimming, We are running, I am eating”. In Spanish the conjugation of the verb communicates the same thing. THERE ARE NO HELPING VERBS! We say, “She runs, We run, I eat”.

To form the present tense of a regular verb that ends in –ar, DROP the –AR ending ADD the appropriate ending that agrees with the subject: NadarNad- o as a amos X an yo tú él, ella, usted nosotros (as) ellos(as), ustedes nado nadas nada nadamos nadan

THERE ARE NO HELPING VERBS IN SPANISH! Examples: Los estudiantes/estudiar Los estudiantes estudian. The students study/are studying. Tú/llevar Tú llevas. You wear/are wearing. Mariana/esperar Mariana espera. Mariana waits/is waiting O AMOS AS X A AN

Modelo – Elena estudia historia. 1. Yo estudio español. 2. Mis amigos estudian matemáticas. 3. Nosotros estudiamos ingles. 4. Federico estudia ciencias. 5. Tu estudias los estudios sociales. 6. Juana y Miguel estudian arte. 7. Ella estudia música. 8. Lorenzo y yo estudiamos literatura. 9. Ellas estudian computación. 10. Ustedes estudian historia.

To talk about how often someone does something use expressions of frequency. Expressions of frequency are adverbs or adverbial phrases. These expressions are usually placed before the verb: siempre – always (Isabel siempre llega tarde a la escuela.) rara vez – rarely (Isabel rara vez habla en la clase.) nunca – never (Isabel nunca usa un diccionario.) These expressions are usually placed after the verb: mucho – often(Ricardo estudia mucho.) poco – a little (Isabel habla poco en la clase.) Longer phrases can be placed at the beginning or the end of the sentence: todos los dias – everyday (Todos los dias Isabel llega tarde.) (Isabel llega tarde todos los dias.) a veces – sometimes (A veces Isabel llega tarde.) (Isabel llega tarde a veces.) de vez en cuando – once in a while (De vez en cuando Isabel llega tarde. (Isabel llega tarde de vez en cuando.)

Hay Que & Tener Que

To talk about things someone must do, you can use two different phrases that express obligations. If there is no specific subject, use the impersonal phrase: HAY QUE + INFINITIVE If there is a specific subject, use a form of tener in the phrase: TENER QUE + INFINITIVE Remember to conjugate tener! tengotenemos tienesx tienetienen

I have to run. Yo tengo que correr. One must wait. Hay que esperar. Celia and Maria have to talk to the teacher Celia y Maria tienen que hablar con la maestra. One has to study Spanish. Hay que estudiar espanol. You have to help your brother. Tú tienes que ayudar a tu hermano.

Use el and la before titles like profesor(a) and señor(a) when talking about someone. Tengo que hablar con la profesora Díaz! El señor Martinez es el profesor de ingles. Do not use articles when talking to someone. “No tengo mi tarea, profesora Díaz.” Actividad La La