Palabras Afirmativas y Negativas “You say yes, I say no”

Palabras Afirmativas También-- Alguien-- Siempre-- Algo-- someone, anyone También-- Alguien-- Siempre-- Algo-- Algún, -a, -os, -as— also, too always something some, any

Palabras Negativas Tampoco-- Nadie- Nunca-- Nada- Ningún, -a— never neither, either no one, nobody Tampoco-- Nadie- Nunca-- Nada- Ningún, -a— never nothing none, not any, no

ALGO y NADA/ Something and nothing Algo and nada are invariable and refer to things and objects. EXAMPLES: Hay algo afuera./ There is something outside. No hay nada en el refrigerador./ There is nothing in the refrigerator.

ALGUIEN y NADIE / Someone and no one Alguien and nadie are invariable and refer to people. When alguien, nadie are direct objects, they must be preceded by the personal a when they refer to a person. EXAMPLES: Invité a alguien a salir./ I asked someone out. No defiendo a nadie./ I don't defend anybody.

ALGUNO (some) y NINGUNO (none) Furthermore, alguno and ninguno drop the final -o before masculine singular nouns similarly, uno/one shortens to un, and bueno/ good to buen. EXAMPLES: Algún día venderemos millones./ Some day we'll sell millions. Ningún producto está fallado./ None of the products is damaged.

THE USE OF MULTIPLE NEGATIVE: 1. Whenever the negative words nada, nadie, nunca, tampoco, follow the verb, no must COME BEFORE the verb, which produces a multiple negative construction. EXAMPLE: No como nunca espinaca./ I never eat spinach. 2. The negative word can be placed at the end of the sentence. EXAMPLE: No como espinaca nunca./ I never eat spinach.

CONTINUED… 3. When the negative word precedes the verb, the word no is NOT used. EXAMPLE: Nunca como espinaca./ I never eat spinach. EJEMPLOS: I never eat apples. You never walk at night. We never eat bread.

DOUBLE NO When the answer to a question is negative, the word no appears twice. It appears at the beginning of the sentence and also in front of the verb. NOTE: Usually the subject pronoun is omitted in the answer because the verb ending identifies the subject, as in the example above. EXAMPLE: Juan: ¿Abren ahora?/ Are you going to open now? Clerk: No, no abrimos hasta las diez./ No, we don't open until ten.

TAMBIÉN/ Also or too También expresses the union of two affirmative sentences. También means also or too. OR: simply is used to agree with a prior statement. EXAMPLES: Yo quiero comer; también ellos quieren comer./ I want to eat; they want to eat too. Nosotros también ganamos la competencia./ We also won the competition.

TAMPOCO/ Neither Tampoco means neither and is used to unite negative sentences. EXAMPLE: Victoria no comió, y yo tampoco./ Victoria didn't eat and neither did I.

Algunas Cosas Because they are adjectives, algún and ningún must agree in… Por ejemplo: ningún lápiz; alguna tarea In Spanish, double negatives are grammatically correct. Por ejemplo: Nunca tengo ninguna idea. *gender & number with the noun they describe*

Practica: I do not have anything in my backpack. - No tengo ______  en mi mochila. 2. I always eat spaghetti. – Yo ________  como spaghetti. 3. I never drive a Ferrari. - Yo  _______ conduzco una Ferrari. 4. Nobody is dancing. -  ________ está bailando. Nada Siempre Nunca nadie

Mas Practica: 5. Someone is knocking on the door. - ________ está golpeando la puerta. 6. I like ice-cream and I also like chocolate. Me gusta el helado y _________ me gusta el chocolate. 7. I have some books on the shelf. – Tengo ________  libros en el estante. 8. I don’t have a blue car. –_________tengo un auto azul. 9. - Me neither. – Yo _________  . 5. Alguien 6.Tambien 7.Algunos 8.No 9.tampoco

Ella no ve al maestro tampoco. Algunos Problemas Traduce las frases al español. I don’t have any pens. She does not see the teacher either. We always have some homework. They also explain something. NOTE: De + el = del Note: A + el= AL Yo no tengo ninguna pluma. Ella no ve al maestro tampoco. Nosotros siempre tenemos alguna tarea. Ellos también explican algo.