Clasificación de Buques / Embarcaciones – Inspecciones Suscripción del Riesgo

Información General CONSTRUCCION, CLASIFICACION E INSPECCION  DE BUQUES / EMBARCACIONES. IMPORTANCIA EN LA SUSCRIPCION DEL RIESGO (BUILDING, CLASIFICATION AND VESSEL INSPECTIONS . RELEVANCE INTO THE UNDREWRITING PROCESS)

¿Qué es Clasificación Internacional? Clasificación es en términos generales el controlar el proceso de Diseño, Construcción, Operación y Mantenimiento de un Buque o Embarcación de acuerdo a Reglas y Regulaciones propias de una Sociedad de Clasificación y a Reglas Internacionales aplicables , que incluyen: La resistencia estructural del casco La seguridad y confiabilidad de los sistemas de propulsión y gobierno La efectividad de los sistemas auxiliares esenciales. What is Classification? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Rarely do we get a good understanding – purpose of this presentation is to develop that understanding Worldwide implementation of Rules Covering: Classification is the:- development (how, R&D, feedback, empirical) publication and worldwide implementation (plan approval, periodical surveys) of a set of published rules and regulations. Partnership (owner - care & conduct, maintenance, good seamanship) between the class society, owner and operator. Covers: Structural strength of the hull Structural strength & WT integrity essential parts of hull & appendages Safety and reliability of propulsion and steering systems Effectiveness of essential auxiliary systems Maintain basic conditions so that cargoes & personnel safe at sea, anchor and in harbour Expand on the definition as appropriate depending on the feedback you get from the delegates. Explain what it does not generally cover eg. Flotational stability, life saving appliances, pollution prevention, structural fire protection. Exceptions Pt 6 Ch.4 eg. Non SOLAS ships smaller than 500 grt etc. Point out that as with anything, there are always exceptions, e.g. load line items are in the rules so for example, air pipes are looked at during class annual survey regardless of who issues the load line certificate Why is it called classification? strange name, understand origins

El Servicio de Clasificación Internacional Producción de Reglas y Procesos de Clasificación Inspectores (Surveyors) con experiencia y competencia idónea aseguran que las reglas se cumplan y aplique apropiadamente El Servicio de clasificación de una SI - IACS   Classification rules provide a framework with detailed requirements for designing, verifying and sustaining a tolerably safe solution through-life; based on experience. LR’s classification service is delivered when rules are understood and applied appropriately by suitably qualified and experienced people following a defined process. Correctly applied, classification rules support ship design clients to make design decisions that result in tolerably safe design solutions for essential structure and systems. The rules also support clients who own and/or operate ships to make decisions that maintain a tolerable level of safety during the lifecycle of their asset. Classification rules cover the technological features of a ship, particularly the structural strength / watertight integrity of the hull and its appendages; the safety and reliability of the propulsion and steering systems; and the effectiveness of those other features and auxiliary systems which have been built into the ship in order to establish and maintain basic conditions on board whereby appropriate cargoes and personnel can be safely carried whilst the ship is at sea, at anchor, or moored in harbour. The resulting compliance certification is transferable with the ship between different owners and operators; however classification certificates only remain valid while the ship is operated within the rule assumptions and the original design envelope.

¿Cuáles son los Orígenes de la Clasificación? La necesidad comercial de reducir la pérdida de buques y sus cargas Se desarrolla un sistema de calificación y se introduce el registro (de aquí sale el término clasificación – separar buques (los que cumplen y los que no) Sistema actual de calificación What are the origins of Classification? Classification is unique to the marine industry. Why do we have it? Partly historical, partly geographical Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Commercial need to reduce losses of ships and cargoes Before 1760 ships built best practice by Master Shipbuilders, in service no surveys, poorly maintained, badly loaded and operated. Insurance brokers unhappy with losses, first surveys (see accompanying book for a wider explanation) coffee shop, Edward Lloyd, register including grading… other societies gradually emerged - DNV set up by Norwegian bankers to safeguard investment Put a ‘list of ships’ on flipchart – entitled Lloyd’s list, discuss commercial brilliance of putting this first ever list of ships on wall of coffee house – great business info. Leave space for final column – Class. Give examples of good and bad class and try to explain how the AG shipowner was happy, the UB shipowner was effectively being put out of business, and how useful this became to insurers setting premiums Grading system developed & register introduced Originally ships were graded using letters:1764: A E I O U (Hull) and G M B (Equipment)…. This is the true origin of the word Classification – putting ships into classes, good classes and bad classes. Nowadays 2nd class ships are unacceptable, hence we have a single class standard. 1768: a b c (Hull) 1 2 3 (Equipment) hence "a1" expression so LR proud of origin 1870: Period ship would last added eg. 100 = 100 years 100A1 steel ships would last forever – not heard of RUST!!! In truth the 100 was introduced on the experience of wooden ships, which would last a lot longer than steel/iron ships. It wasn’t long before LR changed the meaning of 100 to ‘seagoing’, the original meaning being a commercial mistake. 1834: First rules published 1853 Maltese cross first used- Captain Menzies, LR Surveyor in Quebec suggested it for ‘built under survey’ – LR proud to introduce first ever ‘Quality Mark’ (correct name is Formée Cross, but world knows it as Maltese Cross from appearance on flag of Malta) Write following example on flipchart: AG (first class, good equipment) UB (lowest class, bad outfit) Current grading system Nowadays class notations not changing grades (commercially unacceptable). Standards maintained and verified through certification Write following example on flipchart +100A1 Double Hull Oil Tanker, ESP, ShipRight (FDA SDA CM), *IWS LI +LMC IGS UMS Explain build up of class notations and meaning of individual notations. Explain about locations in the Register Book (col 4) and meaning of descriptive notes (col 6), COC's and memoranda. Explain difference between Notation and Descriptive Note (see accompanying book for details) Refer delegates to Part 1 of the Regulations and show notations/desc. notes You might also wish to explore ‘why’ Classification started and ‘how’ classification started (depends on audience) See accompanying booklet to course for ideas .

El Libro de Registro de Lloyd Coffee House en 1764 (Conocido como Lloyd’s Register) The earliest surviving Register book – original now in British Library due to immense value. We have copies in LR. Name, Master, Port, going to Port, Tonnage, Guns, crew number, where built and when, Owners, Class Notation 1764, 1765, 1766

El Actual Rol de una Sociedad de Clasificación en la Industria Marítima Servicios de Clasificación de Buques y Embarcaciones en General Servicios Estatutarios Servicios de Consultoría What is the role of a Classification Society in the marine industry today? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Classification Services Typically structural plan approval, materials certification, machinery manufacture, new construction and periodical surveys. Statutory Services Typically intact and damage stability plan approval, statutory surveys including safety equipment. Consultancy Services Additional technical services including FOBAS, risk assessment, TID as well as marine Training etc. Much more than the application of a set of rules. In addition to the above LR's involvement with IMO, IACS, flag administrations, training etc. Depending on the feedback you get from the delegates discuss as appropriate.

Notaciones de Clase y Símbolos Las “NOTACIONES DE CLASE” consisten en: Símbolos Notaciones de Casco Notaciones de Maquinaria Notas Descriptivas

Símbolos ( Pt1 Ch.2 2.2) + - 100 A 1 , N , T

Notaciones de Casco Tipos (Tanker, Passenger, Bulk Carrier, Container Ship etc.) Características Especiales ( CG, ESP, ESN, EP, Ice Class, *IWS , SPM, Winterisation, Shipright (SDA, FDA, CM), etc.) Restricciones de Servicio (Coastal Service, Geographical Limits, Harbour Service, Lakers, Winters in Great Lakes etc.)

Notaciones de Maquinaria Construcción y Arreglos +LMC ,-LMC, IGS, MCH Automatismo y Control UMS, CCS, ICC, IFP Posicionamiento Dinámico DP(CM), DP(AM), DP(AA), DP(AAA) Seguridad de Navegación NAV1, IBS

Notación de Maquinaria Características Especiales PORT , CAC (1,2,3), PMR, SMR, PSMR, etc Refrigeración Cargo Installation +Lloyd’s RMC, +Lloyd’s RMC(LG), Controlled Atmosphere CA, CA (%O2, %CO2)

Notas Descriptivas Casco Double Skinned, Diving Support, Trailing Suction Dredger, Cable Laying ship, HPMS, PCWBT, SERS, etc Maquinaria Shipright (MCM, SCM, MPMS, TCM, RCM etc.)

Ejemplo de un Oil Tanker Notacion de Clase: | 100A1 Double Hull Oil Tanker, CSR, ESP,  ShipRight (CM) *IWS, LI, SPM | LMC, IGS, UMS Descriptive Note: COW , Part Higher Tensile Steel,    ShipRight (PCWBT -15/11/2009 ), SERS, MPMS, SCM What is the role of a Classification Society in the marine industry today? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Classification Services Typically structural plan approval, materials certification, machinery manufacture, new construction and periodical surveys. Statutory Services Typically intact and damage stability plan approval, statutory surveys including safety equipment. Consultancy Services Additional technical services including FOBAS, risk assessment, TID as well as marine Training etc. Much more than the application of a set of rules. In addition to the above LR's involvement with IMO, IACS, flag administrations, training etc. Depending on the feedback you get from the delegates discuss as appropriate.

¿Qué es la Certificación Estatutaria? La Organización Marítima Internacional (OMI) introduce regulaciones, en la forma de convenciones, códigos, resoluciones y circulares. La Administración de la Bandera (Autoridad o Administración), es decir el país de registro, ratifica y adopta estas convenciones, códigos, resoluciones y circulares. Estas se convierten entonces en un requerimiento estatutarios – Ley Nacional para el buque o embarcación que lleve su bandera o pabellón En muchos casos el control del cumplimiento de requerimientos estatutarios de un buque es delegado por la Administración de la Bandera a las Sociedades de Clasificación (actuando como Organización Reconocida, o RO (Recognized Organization), para la bandera). Statutory = Enacted, regulated, or authorized by statute (An established law or rule) Ask delegates to explain what Statutory means. Make them do the thinking. Where does statutory come from – IMO/ILO… to Flag, to RO

Diferencia entre una Inspección de Clase y una Inspección Estatutaria? Inspección de Clase –Se realiza a nombre de la Sociedad de Clasificación Inspección Estatutaria – Se realiza en nombre de la Administración de la Bandera del buque What is difference between a Class Survey and a Statutory Survey? Ask delegates for their views. Write feedback on flipchart. Class Survey – on behalf of a Society A classification survey is the inspection against the Rules and Regulations on behalf of a Classification Society. Also mention that there are some items that are BOTH Class and Stat, e.g Load Line items, Safcon Statutory Survey – on behalf of the flag administration A statutory survey is being conducted on behalf of the flag administration for the country with which the ship is registered. Discuss how class knows which statutory surveys it may conduct - and variation in flag authorisations, discuss reasons for differing levels i.e. flag wanting to be seen to be fulfilling its own statutory obligations (MCA) or flag maybe not having enough resources and delegating to RO's not just a sign of level of trust. Also discuss flag requirements e.g. Flags will have their own specific requirements and interpretations of the major conventions – surveyor must know what these are, hence the Country File system Refer to annex 1 of delegate notes for examples of authorisations

Relación entre Clase y Estatutario Convenciones OMI Clasificación Incendio y Salvamento Comunicaciones Estabilidad en Avería Maquinaria de Propulsión, Gobierno, Sistemas Eléctricos y de Control. Francobordo Estabilidad intacta Accidental Operacional Seguridad (SOLAS) Flotabilidad (Líneas de Carga) Polución (MARPOL) Estabilidad Avería Resistencia Implementación de Estándares para: Resistencia Maquinaria Gobierno Sistemas Eléctricos Sistemas de Control Equipos de Fondeo Maquinaria Propulsión Following on from last slide. Clarify what is class and what is statutory. Discuss briefly the differences and similarities Certificación Estatutaria

¿Como se relacionan los Requerimientos Estatutarios y de Clase? La Clasificación requiere que el buque o embarcación tenga certificados válidos para las convenciones que le aplican. La Convención de Seguridad de la Vida en el Mar (SOLAS) que aplica a los buques que hacen trafico internacional y a otros de acuerdo a requisitos de las Autoridades Marítimas requieren de Clasificación Classification Requires Valid Convention Certificates It is a Class requirement to have valid convention certificates Pt.1 Ch.2 Sec 1.1.9 including LL, SE, SAFCON, SR, IOPP, ISM, ISPS, Cert of Fitness Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) requires Classification It is a SOLAS requirement that ship's are designed, constructed and maintained in compliance with the structural, mechanical and electrical requirements of a recognized classification society SOLAS ChII-1, Part A-1, Reg. 3-1. In the main class rules do not repeat statutory requirements and vice versa exception annual survey fire protection etc. non SOLAS ships and Load Line as previously discussed. Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships:Pt.1, Ch.2, Sec. 1.1.9SOLAS:Ch.II-1, Part A-1, Reg.3-1 page 47 Any questions before you do an exercise? Exercise 1 – Classification (approximately 15 minutes) Any further questions before we continue? Take a 15 minute coffee break.

El Ciclo de la Clasificación LR & Regulation for Naval Ships Lloyd's Register of Shipping 11/04/2017 El Ciclo de la Clasificación Reglas Aprobación de Planos / Equipos Aprobación del Diseño Desarrollo de Reglas Inspección en Construcción Retroalimentación Investigación Planos Finales Inspecciones en Operación Lloyd's Register EMEA Naval Classification Training Course 19

¿Cómo entra un Buque o Embarcación en Clase? Nueva Construcción – Inspecciones por la Clasificadora

Aprobación de Planos

Se Aprueban las Modificaciones

Se construye bajo Inspección Especial de la Clase para obtener |

La Maquinaria se construye bajo la Inspección Especial para obtener |

Se Fabrican los Materiales en Plantas Certificadas y Aprobadas.

Se Inspeccionan los Sistemas de Control

Se Preparan los Planos Finales (Como fue construido – As Built) Drawings detailing the ship as delivered to be made available for use by LR after delivery for use in repairs etc.

¿De que otra forma entra un buque o embarcación en clase? Buques Existentes que Entran en Clase Existing ship An existing ship/ship in service entering class for the first time, from a non IACS member or from an IACS member. TOC to and from IACS members – outlined in IACS PR1A – defined set of Rules for the TOC TOC from a non-IACS member is case by case – IACS developing new PR1D for such cases What are the reasons for TOC? – owner dissatisfaction, disagreement, price, familiarity with another society

Las 3 Rutas para que Buques Existentes Puedan Entrar en Clase Transferencia de Clase (TOC) Re-Clasificación (Reinstatement) Aceptación en Clase (AIC) Transfer of Class (TOC) Initial request, review, >15years old pre-inspection, formal “Request for Classification” no maltese cross assigned Reclassification May get maltese cross back if appropriate! Not to be confused with re-instatement, which applies after Class Suspension, not withdrawal Acceptance into Class (AIC) Discuss differences between the above, from IACS member, previously classed by LR, from a non IACS member. Discuss possible reasons for TOC, change of owner (owners preference), change of charterer, financiers requirement, unhappy with service of existing class. Discuss TOC agreement and prevention of class hopping include requirements for pre-inspection of 15 year old ships, surveys to be up to date and COC's dealt with. Discuss requirement for overdue COC's of 15 year old ships to be dealt with to the satisfaction of the losing society. Discuss notations i.e. equivalents assigned but no maltese cross.

Condiciones para Mantener la Clasificación Completar satisfactoriamente las inspecciones periódicas Reportar todos los daños y defectos a la Sociedad de Clasificación y Seguros Validez de los Certificados Estatutarios (Convenciones) Carga y operación adecuada – cumplir directrices Disponibilidad del manual de carga aprobado Operar en ambientes adecuados Autorización de la clase para viajes de entrega. Cumplir con los tiempos para realizar reparaciones y/o condiciones de clase Conditions of Classification Satisfactory completion of periodical surveys do surveys on time – if not class will be jeopardised. E.g. not doing Annual Survey in range dates means automatic class suspension Reporting all damages and defects All damages, defects, breakdowns and groundings to be reported to LR. If not we may not be able to confirm class at time of insurance claim Valid convention certificates What are the convention certificates and to which conventions do they relate? Write up delegates answers Comment on delegates responses. Correct loading and operation The ship is to be properly loaded and operated at all times Availability of approved loading guidance Loading manual, loading instrument. Use of PC. LR or Flag will approve Operation in a suitable environment No ice class, service area restricted Class authorisation for delivery voyage Including authorisation between service areas, smaller ships have ‘service areas’ eg ‘River Thames only’ or ’60 miles around Iceland’. But if they are built in China, there is a requirement for an authorised, approved delivery voyage

Inspecciones Periódicas y el Ciclo de Inspecciones ¿Qué es periódico? ¿Qué es una inspección (survey)? ¿Qué son las inspecciones periódicas? ¿Qué es el ciclo de inspecciones? Ciclos especiales de inspección (ES, SS) Ciclos continuos de inspección (CSM, CSH) Sistema armonizado de inspecciones y certificación What is periodical – regular, at fixed intervals What is a survey - To examine or look at comprehensively. Not quite the same as an inspection… subtle difference, survey is a ‘broader’ word, must look at it from all angles What are periodical surveys? Periodical surveys are regular surveys cover both classification and statutory surveys. They are the surveys that take place following satisfactory completion of Initial Surveys which have confirmed compliance with class or statutory requirements. A range of surveys held periodically on or around the anniversary date of the issue of the appropriate certificate the frequency and scope of which is laid down in rules, codes and conventions. Renewal surveys are held at the end of the Survey Cycle (usually up to 5 years after the initial survey or previous renewal survey). What is a survey cycle? The survey cycle is the period between renewal surveys during which all the required periodical surveys are performed. It is 5 years for most seagoing ships (Naval Ships – 6 years) Special survey cycle (ES, SS) In the case of an Engine Survey (ES) for machinery items or Special Survey (SS) for hull items all surveys are required to be completed in one survey, 100% at end of 5 year cycle. Smaller ships for practical reasons will be on ES and SS. ESP ships will be required to be on SS for hull but will normally be on CSM for machinery. Non ESP ships will tend to opt for CSH and CSM, depending on size, trade etc Continuous survey cycle (CSM, CSH) Some surveys are permitted to be carried out on a continuous basis and are known as Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) or Continuous Survey Hull (CSH). 20% of the items required to be inspected once in the 5 year cycle are surveyed each year so that by the end of the cycle all items have been examined. The items examined in the 1st year of the 1st cycle would be required to be examined in the 1st year of the 2nd cycle so that a maximum of 5 years exists between surveys of specific items. CSH is not permitted for ship types such as oil tankers and bulk carriers and other ships required to have an Enhanced Survey Program (ESP). CSM is popular for larger ships due to the number of items to be surveyed. Harmonised System of Survey & Certification Came into force 1998 as a result of 1988 SOLAS amendments. Certain governments have fully implemented the 1988 Protocol allowing harmonization of the statutory surveys with the 5 year classification cycle. Other governments have agreed to implement the system by adopting IMO Res. A883(21) which also allows statutory certificates to be issued valid for 5years. Draw on flipchart to emphasise changes in SS up to SS4 All certificates will expire on the same date. All should be renewed at the same time Initial IS SS4 SS3 SS2 SS1 SS5 Same scope from here onwards Special Surveys Ship life expectancy Pax 40 yrs General cargo 20-25 yrs LNG 40 yrs

¿Cuáles son las Principales Inspecciones de Clase? Clase (Casco) Inspección Especial (SS) o Inspección Continua de Casco (CSH) Inspección Intermedia (ITSS/ITMS) Inspección Anual (AS) Inspección de Dique (DS) Clase (Maquinaria) Especial de Maquinaria (ES) o Inspección continua de maquinaria (CSM) Inspección de Eje de Cola (Screwshaft - TS) Calderas – Principal, Auxiliar, Domésticas (MBS, ABS, DBS) Inspección de Tuberías de Vapor (SPS) Sketch survey cycle diagram on flipchart as you go through the surveys. Special Survey (SS) Required once every 5 years, maximum extension 3 months but requires special permission plus AS and Stat. surveys to be completed before extension will be contemplated. During SS all structural items are required to be examined and tested in accordance with an increasing scope from SS1 to SS4 as the ship gets older. The scope is also dependent on the ship type Part 1 of LR’s Rules and Regulations for Ships Ex pages 12, 13 and 15 Intermediate Surveys (ITSS/ITMS) ITSS to be held at the mid point of the survey cycle usually in line with the 2nd or 3rd AS. Applicable to all ships <15 years old and non ESP ships = or >15 years old ITMS as per ITSS but applicable to ESP ships 10 years or older. Survey extent equivalent to the previous SS without tank testing (unless repairs made) Annual Surveys (AS) Due at each anniversary of the date of issue of the current class certificate. The survey is to be completed within +/- 3 months of the anniversary date otherwise automatic suspension of class (result confirmation of class not possible). Usually 2 days duration. Purpose to give LR chance to gain an overview of the ship’s condition and whether it is being adequately maintained in order for another year’s service . Docking Surveys (DS) 2 to be held in a 5 year period. No more than 36 months between DS with one IWS allowed to replace the intermediate DS except for ESP ships greater than 15 years of age where IWS is not permitted as per IMO Res. A744(18) (eff. 1/7/2002) Class (Machinery) Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) Method of carrying out Complete Survey of Machinery. Continuous Survey Machinery (CSM) 20% of the items required to be inspected once in the 5 year cycle are surveyed each year so that by the end of the cycle all items have been examined. The items examined in the 1st year of the 1st cycle would be required to be examined in the 1st year of the 2nd cycle so that a maximum of 5 years exists between surveys of specific items. CSM is popular for larger ships due to the number of items to be surveyed.LR Rules and Regs. for Ships Part 1 Ch.2 Sec 3.5.16 (page 9) and Ch.3 Sec.11 (page 35)6th Engine Survey (ES) Method of carrying out Complete Survey of Machinery. Must be completed within 12 moths of commencement. All items detailed in Part 1 Ch.3 Sec 11 (page 35) of the Rules to be examined. If ES completed more than 3 months before due date new date recorded will be the final date of survey (5 years from this date for due date of next ES). Completion within 3 months of the due date completion date = 5th anniversary date. Tailshaft Survey (TS) Keyed, keyless or flanged tailshafts fitted with continuous liners, approved oil glands or made of corrosion resistant materials are to be surveyed at 5 year intervals. With SCM and data within permissible limits shaft need not be withdrawn.2 ½ year intervals if not as per the above e.g. fitted with non approved oil glands.

¿Cuáles son las Principales Inspecciones Estatutarias? Líneas de Carga (Load Line) Seguridad de Construcción (SOLAS) Seguridad de Equipo (SOLAS) Seguridad de Radio (SOLAS) Polución Marina – MARPOL (hidrocarburos, al aire, aguas negras, etc.) + Código Internacional de la Gestión de Seguridad (ISM / IGS /NGS) Código Internacional para la Protección de Buques e Instalaciones Portuarias (ISPS / PBIP) Inspecciones Relacionadas con la Carga – Autorizaciones para Cargar Productos Statutory All stat certs are valid for a maximum of 5 years Safety Construction (Safcon) Survey Issued on delivery, valid 5 years subject to annual survey. Covers the structural integrity and fire protection in accordance with the requirements of SOLAS excluding items covered by the Safety Equipment Survey. Satisfactory completion of the Class Annual Survey Checklist indicates compliance with SAFCON requirements. Loadline (LL) Survey Issued on delivery, valid 5 years subject to annual survey. As per SAFCON requirements LL requirements are incorporated fully in the Class AS requirements. Safety Equipment (SE) Survey Issued on delivery, usually valid 5 years subject to annual survey unless the flag state has not agreed the 1988 SOLAS Protocol or IMO Res. A883(21) in which case a 2 year cycle may be applicable. SE related items account for the vast majority of PSC problems usually due to poor maintenance. In addition a feature of SE is that requirements are being continually added. Safety Radio (SR) Survey If harmonized system applicable SR cert. valid for 5 years with an annual survey each year. If non harmonized certs may be valid for just 1 year with annual renewal surveys. Radio surveys are always conducted by LR approved contractors if LR is issuing the SR cert. LR issues/endorses the SR cert on the basis of the contractor’s reports. Marine Pollution (Marpol) Survey Cert. valid for 5 years subject to satisfactory completion of an annual survey. The scope of survey depends on whether the ship is a tanker or non-tanker, details of equipment and arrangements to be examined are detailed on the Record of Construction and Equipment either Form A (for tankers) or Form B (for non tankers) Many leading oil producing countries including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iran and Iraq are not signatories to the convention, in such cases a Certificate of Compliance is issued International Safety Management (lSM) Audit Certs issued, following an initial audit, to both the company (DOC) and the ship (SMC) for the effective implementation of the safety management system. Both valid for 5 years before renewal is required. During the 5 year validity of the SMC at least one intermediate verification audit (IVA) is required. If one IVA in a 5 year period must be between 2nd and 3rd anniversary dates of the SMC. This differs to the DOC which requires the company to undergo annual Periodic Verification Audits (PVA’s) +/-3months anniversary date of DOC If ownership of the ship changes the ship’s SMC immediately becomes invalid.

Ciclo de Inspecciones – Inspecciones de Clase Año 1 2 3 4 5 SS ITSS or ITMS AS DS Exercise 2 Completion of blank survey cycle Delegates requested to open exercise book and annotate blank survey cycle diagram as instructed or on own at trainers discretion Write up survey codes for use in exercise if delegates are completing the diagram on their own Special Surveys (SS) Sets the anniversary date for issue of all class and stat certs. SS may be commenced up to 15 months before the anniversary date but must be completed within that time frame. Exceptionally the SS may be extended up to 3 months past the anniversary date, with prior permission by class and so long as the AS and stat renewal surveys have been completed. Intermediate Surveys (ITSS/ITMS) To be held in lieu of 2nd or 3rd AS and permitted to be carried out within a window extending 3 months before to 3 months after the anniversary date Annual Survey (AS) Range from 3 months before to 3 months after the anniversary date. Automatic class suspension if range date is passed (mid voyage included, incident no confirmation of class can be issued hence not insured). Docking Survey (DS) 2 in a 5 year period. No more than 3 years between DS’s. 1 DS to coincide with SS. In-Water Survey (IWS) and Docking Survey (DS) IWS accepted in lieu of the intermediate docking survey between SS for ships with *IWS notation. *IWS requires HRP (condition confirmed good at dry dock), rudder pintle and bush plus sternbush clearances able to be taken afloat. The survey requires clear water, sheltered conditions, clean hull below waterline, approved diving firm. Damages noted surveyor may require dry docking. Continuous Survey Hull/Machinery (CSH/CSM) 20% of hull special survey or 20% of machinery complete survey items to be dealt with each year, 100% completed in 5 years no more 5 years between repeat surveys Boiler Survey (BS) WP over 3.4 bar and heating surface area over 4.65 m2 to be surveyed max every 3 years, 2 surveys in 5 years, examined externally every year as part of AS LR Rules Part 1 Ch.3 Sec. 15Tailshaft Survey (TS) Every 5 years if continuous liners, corrosion resistant material or approved oil gland but no SCM (with SCM no requirement to withdraw the shaft if readings/records acceptable). Every 2 ½ years otherwise DS IWS Inspección continua de Casco o Maquinaria (CSH/CSM) BS TS

Ciclo de Inspecciones – Inspecciones Estatutarias Año 1 2 3 4 5 Safcon AS RS Load Line AS RS Survey Cycle – Statutory surveys Explain meaning of SCI, PLI, SEI, SRI, MOI, ISM, AS, RS, IA, RA Not allowed to extend further than 5 years. For vessels on HSSC the 2nd or 3rd AS becomes an intermediate survey which may require certain items to be examined in greater detail. Note ISM for Safety Management Certificate (SMC). Initial audit, Intermediate Verification Audit (IVA) and Renewal Audit. Other surveys such as for Carriage of Dangerous Goods etc. follows the same cycle. HSSC obviously increases efficiency of the survey regime but often requires the attendance of more than 1 surveyor due to the number of surveys being held at one time (2 or even 3 may be required). Additionally HSSC has reduced the number of individual visits to ships each year typically from 3 or 4 visits to 1 or 2 (probably 1 if the ship has a planned maintenance scheme in operation) Saf. Equip. AS RS Radio AS RS Pollution AS RS RA Saf. Mgmt IVA

Ejemplo 1 – Status de Inspecciones Run through quickly - explain the CD live screen with harmonised surveys.

Ejemplo 2 – estatus de inspecciones (completo) Run through quickly - explain the CD live screen with harmonised surveys.

SUSCRIPCIÓN DE RIESGOS (RISK UNDERWRITING) EL RIESGO DESDE EL PUNTO DE VISTA DEL SEGURO

SUSCRIPCIÓN DE RIESGOS (RISK UNDERWRITING) Es el conjunto de acciones encaminadas a la aceptación de un riesgo por parte de la aseguradora, según unas condiciones y un valor (prima).

Cronicas de Desastres en el 2014

Revisión e Investigación de Accidentes

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