Calentamiento Define & tell where you’d buy (in a sentence): El talco,

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Calentamiento Define & tell where you’d buy (in a sentence): El talco, La pulsera El collar La pasta de dientes Papel de color

Calentamiento Define & tell where you’d buy (in a sentence): El talco Compro talco en una farmacia. La pulsera Compro una pulsera en una joyería. El collar Compro un collar en una joyería La pasta de dientes Compro pasta de dientes en una farmacia Papel de color Compro papel de color en una papelería.

Haz oraciones de las tiendas con las cosas que venden Haz oraciones de las tiendas con las cosas que venden. En _______ compro _______. La farmacia La joyería La perfumería La florería La zapatería La librería La papelería La heladería Un collar de esmeraldas Un helado Una novela Penicilina Rosas Invitaciones Colonia Unas sandalias

SPAN 1412 Theme:Preterit vs. Imperfect Overview & Purpose: To correctly use the imperfect/preterit will allow student to appropriately refer to things in the past Content Objective: To learn when to use the preterit vs. the imperfect Language Objective: to create a graphic organizer in a folder to differentiate between the preterit & imperfect

Preterit versus Imperfect (El pretérito versus el imperfecto) In Spanish, the use of the preterit and the imperfect reflects the way the speaker views the action or event being expressed. The uses of these two tenses are compared on the following slides.

Yo tenía veinte años, cuando ______(empezar) a estudiar periodismo. Un día, yo _______ (hablar) en calle con una mujer que ______ (ser) abogada y _____ (vivir) muy bien Mientras me _____ (contar) cómo ____(ser) su vida, yo ___(ver) a mi amiga Susana, la periodista

yo ____ (ir) a preguntarle a susana como ______ (estar) pero ella ______ (comenzar) a hablar primero Susana le _____ (hacer) muchas preguntas difíciles a la abogada, mientras yo ______ (escuchar) con atención. Cuando Susana ____ (terminar) sus preguntas, yo _____ (saber) que ____ (ir) a ser periodista

Criteria for the use of the preterit 1. An action that the speaker views as terminated or completed. V • Me casé en 1981. I got married in 1981. Alfredo salió para España ayer. Alfredo left for Spain yesterday. Berta compró un coche nuevo el año pasado. Berta bought a new car last year.

Criteria for the use of the preterit 2. An action or state that occupies a limited period of time. Lorena estudió por dos horas. Lorena studied for two hours. Los niños pasaron todo el día en el parque. The children spent the whole day in the park. Estuvimos en Oaxaca todo el mes de julio. We were in Oaxaca the entire month of July.

Criteria for the use of the preterit 3. A past action with a specific and indicated beginning or ending. • El concierto comenzó a las siete. • The concert began at seven. Empecé a trabajar en el proyecto esta mañana. I began to work on the project this morning. Cesó de llover a eso de las cinco de la tarde. It stopped raining around five in the afternoon.

Criteria for the use of the preterit 4. Completed events that occurred in a series. V V V • • • Carlos entró en la farmacia, vio a su ex-novia y salió inmediatamente. Carlos entered the Pharmacy, saw his ex-girlfriend, and left immediately.

Criteria for the use of the preterit 5. Changes in mental, physical, and emotional conditions or states in the past. Alejandra se puso furiosa cuando vio el cuarto en desorden. Alejandra became furious when she saw the messy room. Estuve nerviosa durante la entrevista. I was nervous during the interview (but now I’m not).

Criteria for the use of the preterit 6. Weather and scenes as events or within specific time parameters. Ayer fue un día horrible. Llovió e hizo mucho viento. Yesterday was a horrible day. It rained and was very windy.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect 1. Description of what was happening in the past, usually in relation to another event or at a given time, with no reference to the beginning or end of an action. "was . . . ing" Rosa hablaba mientras miraba sus compras. Rosa was talking while she was looking at her purchases.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect 2. Habitual actions or events in the past. "used to" "would" Pedro comía en ese restaurante todos los sábados. Pedro used to eat at that restaurant every Saturday. Ana iba de compras todo el tiempo. Ana used to go shopping all the time.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect 3. Time of day and age in the past. Eran las once de la noche. It was eleven o’clock at night. Paco tenía diez años cuando aprendió a nadar. Paco was ten years old when he learned to swim.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect 4. Mental, physical, and emotional conditions or states in the past. Alicia estaba contenta durante el concierto. Alicia was happy during the concert. Nos sentíamos mal después de comer allí. We felt sick after eating there. Juan pensaba que necesitaba más dinero del que tenía para el viaje. Juan thought that he needed more money than he had for the trip.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect 5. Sets the scene (weather, activities in progress, etc.) for other actions and events that take place. Hacía muy mal tiempo y llovía. Yo leía en mi cuarto y esperaba la llamada. The weather was bad and it was raining. I was reading in my room and waiting for the call.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect 6. Indirect statements. Juan dijo que su hermano vendía su coche. Juan said that his brother was selling his car. Teodoro afirmó que su hermano decía la verdad. Teodoro stated that his brother was telling the truth.

Criteria for the use of the imperfect The preterit and the imperfect tenses are often used together. In the following examples, the imperfect describes what was happening or in progress when another action (in the preterit) interrupted and took place. Conversábamos con el dependiente cuando Lourdes entró en la joyería. We were talking with the clerk when Lourdes entered the jewelry store. Las chicas salían de la tienda cuando Jorge las vio. The girls were leaving the store when Jorge saw them.

Imperfect vs. Preterit Clues Imperfect describes & Preterit tells what happened Context: Así fue (that’s how it happened) Así era (that’s how it was) Ayer fue un día horrible. Yesterday was a horrible day. The point is that the day was horrible Era un día horrible It was a difficult day. This is background information for the actions that will be narrated

Imperfect phrases vs. Preterit phrases A menudo (often) Con frecuencia (frequently,w/ frequency) De vez en cuando (from time to time) Muchas veces (lots of times) Frecuentemente (frequently) Todos los lunes/ martes/ etc. Every Monday/Tuesday/etc. Todas las semanas /días/meses (every week/day/month) Siempre (when event is repeated w/ no particular end)--always Mientras (while, meanwhile) Cuando vivía en…. (when I use to live in..) Cuando tenía # años (when I was # yrs old) Había una vez (Once upon a time) De niño-a/pequeño-a (As a child…) Cuando era niño-a (When I was a child) PRETERIT Anoche (last night) Anteayer (day before yesterday) Ayer (yesterday) Esta mañana (this morning) El fin de semana pasado (last weekend) El mes pasado Last month el lunes/ martes pasado, etc. Last Monday/Tuesday, etc. Una vez One time Siempre (when end point is obvious) Always

Choose the preterit or imperfect of the verb in parenthesis to complete the passage ___ (ser) las diez de la mañana y ____ (ser) un sábado de primavera. Cuando ____ (salir) de mi apartamento, _____ (caminar) al Centro Comercial. ____ (hacer) mucho sol y no ____ (haber) nubes en el cielo. A las diez y media yo ____ (llegar) y ____ (buscar) ropa nueva en la tienda. Allí me ____ (comprar) un vestido rojo sin manga porque ______ (estar) en rebaja.

Choose the preterit or imperfect of the verb in parenthesis to complete the passage A las once, ____ (ir) a la joyería. El viernes pasado, ____ (ver) un collar de perlas. Yo _____ (querer) probármelo. El collar _____ (hacer) juego con el vestido nuevo y ____ (decidir) comprármelo. Yo _____ (pagar) en efectivo porque el collar _____ (ser) una ganga. Solamente me _____ (costar) 200 nuevos soles.

Una escena en el mercado… En el mercado 1___ (haber) mucha actividad: un vendedor de fruta 2____ (vender) mangos y plátanos. Una artesana 3____ (mostrar) sus tejidos (weavings) de alpaca. Muchos niños 4___ (jugar) en la plaza. De repente, 5____ (llegar) algunas nubes muy oscuras y el cielo se 6____ (poner) muy gris. Luego 7___ (empezar) a llover y el viento 8____ (soplar: to blow ) violentamente. Cuando vvino la lluvia, los niños 9___ ( correr) a casa. Los vendedores 10___ (cerrar) su puesto (stall) y los artesanos 11___ (cubrir: to cover) sus artículos. La tempestad (storm)12___ (durar) media hora y después, todo 13___ (continuar) como antes.

Create your sentences 5 sentences in the preterite Choose 5 important events in your past Give the year and what happened in the preterit Vocabulary: Escuela secundaria (HS)/Escuela Primaria (Elem) Por primera vez (for the first time) Montar en bicicleta (to ride bike) Nacer (to be born) Empezar/comenzar (to begin/start 5 Sentences in the imperfect. Use the following stems to tell what you used to do when you were younger Cuando era niño-a ____________. When I was little… De pequeño-a me gustaba _______. As a child I used to like… Cuando tenía 7 años (querer ser) :When I was 7 I wanted to be a… En la primaria, a menudo (ir a) In elementary school I would often go to …. Frecuentemente…

To make your folder PRETERIT Anoche (last night) On the top left corner, Title it: El PRETÈRITO On the same left side, draw a red diagonal line from the bottom. Write "Key Phrases" under the title & list the phrases below PRETERIT Anoche (last night) Anteayer (day before yesterday) Ayer (yesterday) Esta mañana (this morning) El fin de semana pasado (last weekend) El mes pasado (Last month) el lunes/ martes pasado, etc. (Last Monday/Tuesday, etc.) Una vez (One time) Siempre (when end point is obvious) – (Always) El pretérito Key Phrases Rules

El pretérito To make your folder Key Phrases On the diagonal line, create a time line of their life, with events that happened at specific dates. Nacer (to be born): Nací en ____ en 1974 Fui a vivir en Venezuela en 1982/Viví in Venezuela en 1982 Volví a los Estados Unidos en 1990 Me gradué de la universidad en 1997 Empecé a enseñar en 2003 On the bottom right of the corner, write the basic rules for using preterit. An action viewed as terminated or completed An action that occupies a limited period of time An action with a specified beginning or end Completed actions in a series Changes in mental, physical and emotional states in the past Weather and scenes as events or within specific time parameters. Rules

To make your folder Title the right side : El IMPERFECTO On the RIGHT, draw a WAVY green line. Write "Key Phrases“ in the top left corner & list phrases from your notes. A menudo (often) Con frecuencia (frequently,w/ frequency) De vez en cuando (from time to time) Muchas veces (lots of times) Frecuentemente (frequently) Todos los lunes/ martes/ etc. Every Monday/Tuesday/etc. Todas las semanas /días/meses (every week/day/month) Siempre (when event is repeated w/ no particular end)--always Mientras (while, meanwhile) Cuando vivía en…. (when I use to live in..) Cuando tenía # años (when I was # yrs old) Había una vez (Once upon a time) De niño-a/pequeño-a (As a child…) Cuando era niño-a (When I was a child) El IMPERFECTO Key Phrases Rules

To make your folder Below the wavy line, write RULES, and each rule for the IMPERFECT: Description of what was happening in the past, usually in relation to another event or at a given time, with no reference to the beginning or end of an action Habitual actions or events in the past. Time of day and age in the past Mental, physical, and emotional conditions or states in the past. Sets the scene (weather, activities in progress, etc.) for other actions and events that take place. 6. Indirect statements El IMPERFECTO Key Phrases Rules

Show me your 10 sentences Imperfect prompts Cuando era niño-a ____________. When I was little… De pequeño-a me gustaba _______. As a child I used to like… Cuando tenía 7 años quería ser un/una______. When I was 7 I wanted to be a… En la primaria iba mucho a ______. In elementary school I would often go to …. Frecuentemente… Vocabulary: Escuela secundaria (HS)/Escuela Primaria (Elem) Por primera vez (for the first time) Montar en bicicleta (to ride bike) Nacer (to be born) -ar: -aba -er/-ir: -ía Ir: iba Ser: era

Preterit Empecé a caminar Imperfect Cuando tenía # años

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