Gramática 1.1 Subjects and Verbs in Sentences Subject Pronouns el 13 de septiembre

Subjects and Verbs in Sentences Notes You will copy the following notes on page 27 of your INB. The title for this section is: Subjects and Verbs in Sentences If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Subjects & Verbs In English, all sentences have a subject and a verb. The subject is the person/thing doing the action or being described. The verb is the action or word like am, is, or are that is used to describe the subject. Mrs. Pérez is my teacher. She is from Madrid. In Spanish, sentences also have a subject and a verb. La señora Pérez es mi profesora. Ella es de Madrid.

Subjects & Verbs Nouns can be replaced with pronouns. Some examples of Spanish pronouns you have seen are él, ella, tú, and usted. Juan is a classmate. He is my best friend. Juan es un compañero de clase. Él es mi mejor amigo. English sentences always have a subject or a subject pronoun. In Spanish the subject or the subject pronoun can be left out if everyone knows who you’re talking about. María is my friend. María es mi amiga. She is from Spain. Es de España.

Mis amigos de Madrid Complete on page 26. Leamos Identify the subjects and verbs in the following dialogs. 1. – Susana is my friend. – She is from Spain. – Mrs. García is my friend. – She is from Madrid. 2. – Susana es mi amiga. – Es de España. – La señora García es mi profesora. – Es de Madrid.

Nota Cultural Students in Spanish-speaking countries address teachers in several ways. Women may be called by their title and first name (señorita Rosa) or by title and last name (señorita García). If the teacher is older, she may be addressed as doña with her first name, such as doña Josefina. Men may be addressed as don Pablo (title and first name) or señor Gómez (title and last name). Compare this to how you address your teachers.

¿Quién es quién? Complete on page 26. Leamos Identify the subjects and the verbs in the following sentences. Then say whether you would use él or ella in place of each subject. Laura es de Toledo. Es una compañera de clase. Juan es mi mejor amigo. Es estudiante. La señora Ayala es mi profesora de ciencias. Es de Perú. El señor Garza es mi profesor de español. Es de España. El muchacho es un compañero de clase. Es de Estados Unidos. La señorita Jiménez es de la República Dominicana. Es mi profesora de matemáticas. Ramiro es un compañero de clase. Es de Cuba. Don Pablo es profesor. Es de México. Doña Lourdes es de Panamá. Es profesora. Ella Él Ella Él Él Ella Él Él Ella

Notes You will copy the following notes on page 29 of your INB. The title for this section is: Subject Pronouns If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

Subject Pronouns Pronouns take the place of a noun. Subject pronouns can be the SUBJECT of a sentence. John went to the store. He went to the store. Just 1 person (singular) More than 1 person (plural) Includes yourself (1st person) I We Talking TO (2nd person) You You (y’all) Talking ABOUT (3rd person) He She It They

Subject Pronouns Spanish Subject Pronouns are: Just 1 person (singular) More than 1 person (plural) Includes yourself (1st person) I Yo We Nosotros Nosotras Talking TO (2nd person) You Tú (informal) Usted (formal) You (y’all) Vosotros/Vosotras Ustedes Talking ABOUT (3rd person) He She It Él Ella - They Ellos Ellas

Gender All nouns in Spanish have GENDER, which means there are different masculine and feminine forms. Just as we have different words for “he” and “she” in English, Spanish has more words that show gender: he = él she = ella we = nosotros (all males OR males & females) nosotras (group of all females) they = ellos (all males OR males & females) ellas (group of all females)

En inglés In English, the subject pronoun you is used with anyone, no matter their age or relationship to you. In Spanish, the pronoun you use (tú or usted) is based on your relationship to the person.

Subject Pronouns The Four Yous The difference between formal and informal is only important when you are speaking to one person. Ustedes means “you” when you are speaking to a group (2 or more people) Vosotros/Vosotras is the way to say “you” to a group of friends in Spain. It is only used in Spain! Talking TO (2nd person) You Tú (informal) Usted (formal) You (y’all) Vosotros/Vosotras Ustedes

¿Cómo le(s) dices? Complete on page 28. Hablemos What pronouns would you use to speak to these people? Two or more teachers A group of female students (in Spain) Your best friend A school principal Two or more males A group of male and female students (in Spain) ustedes vosotras tú usted ustedes vosotros

¿Con quién habla Javier? Complete on page 28. Escuchemos Listen as Javier, a teenager from Spain, talks to his friends and teachers. Match each statement with the correct picture. Remember that Javier uses vosotros and vosotras. A B C 5 1 3 D E F 6 2 4

Nuevos amigos Complete on page 28. Leamos/Escribamos Complete this conversation using the correct subject pronouns. -Hola. 1._____ (I) soy Rosalinda Chávez. Y 2._____ (he) es mi amigo Juan. ¿Cómo te llamas 3._____ (you)? -4._____ (I) me llamo Antonia. Y 5._____ (she) es mi amiga Talía. 6._________ (We-Talía and I) somos de Estados Unidos. Juan y tú, ¿de dónde son 7._________ (you, plural)? Yo Él tú Yo Ella Nosotras ustedes