El Pretérito (The Simple Past Tense) Una Guía Completa para los Verbos Regulares por Marnie Robey, LCHS Next

¿Qué es el pretérito? - a verb tense that indicates an action in the past without reference to duration, continuance or repetition Next Next Examples in English Contínue…

Examples in English I did my homework. Sally walked the dog. We ate dinner. Did you clean your room? Next

Recuerde usted – there are THREE kinds of verbs in Spanish… -ir Next

Each kind of verb has its own conjugations, rules and regular and irregular forms. Where do you want to start? -ar -er -ir Next Next Next

There are 3 sets of rules for REGULAR –ar verbs. (Any verb that ends in –ar) There are 3 sets of rules for REGULAR –ar verbs. Next Rule #1 – The Endings Next Rule #2 – Stem Changes Next Rule #3 – Spelling Changes

There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –er verbs. (Any verb that ends in –ir) There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –er verbs. Next Rule #1 – The Endings Next Rule #2 – Stem Changes

There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –ir verbs. (Any verb that ends in –ir) There are 2 sets of rules for REGULAR –ir verbs. Next Rule #1 – The Endings Next Rule #2 – Stem Changes

-ar verbs Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -é -aste -ó Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Rule #1 - Las Terminaciones Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -é -aste -ó Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes -amos -asteis -aron Next

-ar verbs This is your lucky day! Rule #2 – Stem Changes This is your lucky day! You do NOT stem change –ar verbs in the preterite tense. Look at the difference between the present and preterite tenses of the verb despertarse. Next

-ar verbs -car (tocar, practicar…) -gar (pagar, jugar…) Rule #3 – Spelling Changes For certain verbs, we have to change the spelling in order to preserve the sound of the infinitive (the non-conjugated verb). Those verbs end in… -car (tocar, practicar…) -gar (pagar, jugar…) -zar (almorzar, comenzar…) Next

Conjugate esquiar = to ski -ar verbs Practice Example Conjugate esquiar = to ski Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes esquiamos esquiasteis esquiaron Yo Tú Él Ella Usted esquié esquiaste esquió Next

-ar verbs El Presente El Pretérito Me despierto nos despertamos Compare present and preterite El Presente El Pretérito Me despierto nos despertamos Te despiertas os despertáis Se despierta se despiertan Me desperté nos despertamos Te despertaste os despertasteis Se despertó se despertaron Next

The change occurs ONLY in the first person singular form – the “yo”. -ar verbs Spelling Changes The change occurs ONLY in the first person singular form – the “yo”. -car -qu -gar -gu -c -zar Next

-ar verbs -car -gar -zar toqué practiqué saqué jugué llegué pagué Examples of spelling changes -car -gar -zar toqué practiqué saqué jugué llegué pagué almorcé empecé comencé Next

-ar verbs Now! Let’s see what you learned about –ar verbs in the preterite… Next

-ar verbs hablar – yo cantar – tú comenzar – yo acostarse – ellos Quiz yourself – on a scrap piece of paper, write the correct forms of the following verbs. hablar – yo cantar – tú comenzar – yo acostarse – ellos probarse - Juan Next

EXCELENTE Let’s move on to –er verbs. Next

-er verbs Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Rule #1 – Las Terminaciones Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes -imos -isteis -ieron Next

-er verbs Rule #2 – Stem Changes Happy Days!! You do not have to stem change REGULAR –er verbs in the preterite tense. Look at another comparison… Next

Conjugate comer = to eat -er verbs Practice example Conjugate comer = to eat Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes comimos comisteis comieron Yo Tú Él Ella Usted comí comiste comió Next

-er verbs El Presente El Pretérito Now – let’s see what you learned… Compare present and preterite El Presente El Pretérito entiendo entendemos entiendes entendéis entiende entienden entendí entendimos entendiste entendisteis entendió entendieron Now – let’s see what you learned… Next

-er verbs beber, yo comprender, tú entender, ellos Quiz yourself – on a scrap piece of paper, write the correct forms of the following verbs. beber, yo comprender, tú entender, ellos Next

MARAVILLOSA Let’s move on to –ir verbs. Next

-ir verbs Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Rule #1 – Las Terminaciones THEY ARE THE SAME AS –ER!! Yo Tú Él Ella Usted -í -iste -ió Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes -imos -isteis -ieron Next Next See an example Move on

-ir verbs Rule #2 – Stem Changes -ir verbs are a little more complicados. If a verb is a stem changing verb in the present tense, then it is a stem changing verb in the preterite. Referring back to our “shoe” analogy – the verb becomes a SOLE verb in the preterite. Next I need more explanation. Next I understand, move on.

Conjugate vivir = to live -ir verbs Practice Example Conjugate vivir = to live Nosotros Vosotros Ellos Ellas Ustedes vivimos vivisteis vivieron Yo Tú Él Ella Usted viví viviste vivió Next

-ir verbs El Presente El Pretérito yo nosotros tú vosotros Let’s compare shoes… El Presente El Pretérito yo nosotros tú vosotros ell, ella, ellos, ellas usted ustedes yo nosotros tú vosotros él, ella, ellos, ellas usted ustedes Next

In the SOLE or the third person forms, the following changes occur… -ir verbs Stem Changes…continued In the SOLE or the third person forms, the following changes occur… e o i u Next

-ir verbs preferir – to prefer morir – to die prefirió prefirieron Look at SOLE verbs in action preferir – to prefer morir – to die preferí preferimos preferiste preferisteis prefirió prefirieron morí morimos moriste moristeis murió murieron Now – let’s see what you learned… Next

-ir verbs dormir, ella competir, yo vivir, él salir, ellos Quiz yourself – on a scrap piece of paper, write the correct forms of the following verbs. dormir, ella competir, yo vivir, él salir, ellos Next

ESTUPENDO Y ahora, vamos a hacer una prueba… Next

¿Cuánto recuerdas del pretérito? UNA PRUEBA ¿Cuánto recuerdas del pretérito? Next

Las direcciones... Choose the correct form of the verb in the preterite tense. If you need help, select HINT. Next Re-read tutorial Next Begin

Nosotros (alquilar) un barco por todo el día. alquilamos Next alquilemos Next Next HINT

CORRECTO Next

Qué lástima Lo siento, trátala otra vez. Next

Este mañana, yo (despertarse) a las seis. Me desperté Next Me despierté Next Next HINT

Do NOT stem change –ar verbs in the preterite tense!!!! HINT CARD Do NOT stem change –ar verbs in the preterite tense!!!! Next

HINT CARD Las terminaciones: -é -amos -aste -asteis -ó -aron Next

CORRECTO Next

Es incorrecto Lo siento, trátala otra vez. Next

Yo (buscar) el perro en el parque. bucé Next busqué Next Next HINT

Incorrecto Remember, -car verbs have a spelling change in the “yo” form! Next

CORRECTO Let’s move on to –er verbs! Next

-car, -gar and –zar verbs have a spelling change in the “yo” form! HINT CARD -car, -gar and –zar verbs have a spelling change in the “yo” form! c to qu g to gu z to c Next

Ellos (aprender) la lección del pretérito. aprenderon Next aprendieron Next Next HINT

Ay de mí Recuerda las terminaciones! í, iste, ió, imos isteis, ieron Next

Fantástico Next

HINT CARD -er endings í imos iste isteis ió ieron Next

Vosotros (entender) la maestra. entendisteis Next entiendisteis Next Next HINT

Time to move on to –ir verbs! Chévere Time to move on to –ir verbs! Next

Pobrecito Trátala otra vez. Next

Regular –er verbs DO NOT stem change in the preterite tense!! HINT CARD Regular –er verbs DO NOT stem change in the preterite tense!! Next

Tú (vivir) cerca de tu abuela. viviste Next vivaste Next Next HINT

Qué bueno más practica Next

Ay, caramba Trátala otra vez. Next

HINT CARD Recuerda –er and –ir verbs share the same endings in the preterite tense! Next

Ellos (preferir) Del Río más que la Casa Gonzales. prefirieron Next preferieron Next Next HINT

Eres inteligente Great! You remembered that –ir shoe verbs are sole verbs in the preterite! Next

Ay chihuahua Remember SOLE verbs? Next

HINT CARD Stem changing –ir verbs in the present tense, become SOLE verbs in the preterite. The bottom two forms change e to i and o to u. Next

El gato (morirse) anoche. se morió Next se murió Next Next HINT

Lo siento mucho SOLE verb! Next

Felicitaciones! You finished the quiz. On to the next challenge! Arriba Felicitaciones! You finished the quiz. On to the next challenge! Next

HINT CARD Stem changing –ir verbs in the present tense, become SOLE verbs in the preterite. The bottom two forms change e to i and o to u. Next

Excelente, estudiante. You are almost halfway through learning about the preterite tense! Don’t get discouraged – it is one of the more difficult tenses to master. Next If you feel ready for the next challenge… Next Need more review?

The Challenge Step #1 Define the following verbs on a separate piece of paper. anunciar escoger beber encontrar probarse vestirse gastar ver recibir Next

The Challenge Step #2 Write an original story in the preterite tense. Please write it in the form of an email letter to la Señora Robey. You must use all 9 verbs you defined. Buena suerte Next

mrobey@penk12.va.us El correo electrónico: (When you send email – hit the back button to return to this tutorial.) Next

FELICITACIONES You did it! Hope you had fun and learned something new at the same time! Start Over

-ar verbs hablé cantaste comencé se acostaron se probó How did you do? Next

-er verbs How did you do? bebí comprendiste entendieron Next

-ir verbs How did you do? durmió competí vivió salieron Next