the el/la/los/las This sentence has two different meanings in English: No me gustan los unicornios. I dont like unicorns. (general) I dont like the.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

the

el/la/los/las

This sentence has two different meanings in English: No me gustan los unicornios. I dont like unicorns. (general) I dont like the unicorns. (specific)– you must have mentioned unicorns at some point in your conversation and now you are referencing them)

How do you know if the noun refers to a specific use or a general one?

La respuesta: El Contexto La respuesta: El Contexto

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La Señorita Morris El Señor Spivey El Señor Bean La Señora Dominguez La Señorita Morris El Señor Spivey El Señor Bean La Señora Dominguez

El estudiar es importante. Studying is important. / To study is important El nadar es buen ejercicio. Swimming is good exercise. /To swim is good exercise.

Tengo el libro, el cuaderno y el diccionario. I have the book, notebook and dictionary. Me gusta la comida, la música, y la escuela. I like food, music, and school.

Las naranjas cuestan tres Euros el kilo. The oranges cost three Euros per kilo. ¿Cuánto cuestan las almendras? How much do the almonds cost?

Español en vivo es para los jueves. …is due on Thursdays. No me gustan los lunes. I dont like Mondays. Mi curso de español empieza el martes. My Spanish course starts on Tuesday.

Son las doce. It is twelve o'clock. Vamos a la escuela a las siete de la mañana We go to school at 7am.

Voy a lavarme las manos. I'm going to wash my hands. Me duele la cabeza. My head hurts. Tiene los ojos azules. She has blue eyes.

Los españoles se acuestan tarde. Spanish people go to bed late. Los estadounidenses son perezosos y gordos. Americans are lazy and fat.

Omit the definite article with mass nouns that dont have a specified amount: No tengo paciencia. ¿Tomas vitaminas? BUT ¿Tomaste las vitamins que te dio el médico?

a/an

un/una/unos/unas unos/unas=some/a few un/una/unos/unas unos/unas=some/a few

Quiero una manzana Tengo unas cincuenta dólares. Compró unos perros calientes. Quiero una manzana Tengo unas cincuenta dólares. Compró unos perros calientes.

1- To describe an unknown amount of something. ¿Hay tomate en la sopa? ¿Hay arañas en el sótano? 1- To describe an unknown amount of something. ¿Hay tomate en la sopa? ¿Hay arañas en el sótano?

….jobs, nationalities, religion, gender, social status: Soy profesor. / Im a teacher. Ella es judía. / Shes a Jew. Ella es mujer. / She is a woman. Mis amigos son peruanos. /My friends are Peruvians. Él es católico. / He is a catholic. ….jobs, nationalities, religion, gender, social status: Soy profesor. / Im a teacher. Ella es judía. / Shes a Jew. Ella es mujer. / She is a woman. Mis amigos son peruanos. /My friends are Peruvians. Él es católico. / He is a catholic.

USE THE indefinite article when you describe… Soy un profesor malo. / Im a bad teacher. Ella es una judía vieja. / Shes an old Jew. Mis amigos son unos peruanos simpáticos. / My friends are nice Peruvians. USE THE indefinite article when you describe… Soy un profesor malo. / Im a bad teacher. Ella es una judía vieja. / Shes an old Jew. Mis amigos son unos peruanos simpáticos. / My friends are nice Peruvians.

el alma el hacha el agua BUT las almas/las hachas/las aguas la alfombra el alma el hacha el agua BUT las almas/las hachas/las aguas la alfombra

el agua clara el hacha pequeña el agua clara el hacha pequeña

OMIT with phrases with ¡Qué_____!: ¡Qué idiota! What a moron! OMIT with phrases with ¡Qué_____!: ¡Qué idiota! What a moron!

otro: otro día –another day cierto: cierta señora – a certain lady tal: tal cosa – such a thing medio: media naranja – half an orange ciento: ciento murciélagos – a hundred bats mil: mil duendes – a thousand goblins otro: otro día –another day cierto: cierta señora – a certain lady tal: tal cosa – such a thing medio: media naranja – half an orange ciento: ciento murciélagos – a hundred bats mil: mil duendes – a thousand goblins

lo can be used in front of an adjective to turn it into a noun: lo maravilloso – the marvelous thing lo fácil – the easy part lo absurdo – the absurd thing lo can be used in front of an adjective to turn it into a noun: lo maravilloso – the marvelous thing lo fácil – the easy part lo absurdo – the absurd thing

It can be used with: masculine/feminine/singular/plural adjectives + que to describe a quality of the person/people: Yo veo lo tonta que es. I see how foolish she is. Oí lo cómicos que son. I heard how funny they are. It can be used with: masculine/feminine/singular/plural adjectives + que to describe a quality of the person/people: Yo veo lo tonta que es. I see how foolish she is. Oí lo cómicos que son. I heard how funny they are.

LO is also used with de to mean the matter/business concerning…: Lo de Juan es una lástima. That business about Juan is a shame. LO is also used with de to mean the matter/business concerning…: Lo de Juan es una lástima. That business about Juan is a shame.