Superlativos Roberto Vargas Valdés

SUPERLATIVOS Una función más de los adjetivos es que se usan en forma superlativa, para comparar un sustantivo con dos o más sustantivos, el cual tiene una cualidad extra sobre los demás.

Se agrega –est a los adjetivos de una o dos sílabas terminados en consonante, al sustantivo antecede el artículo “the”. The = el/la; los/las -est = más TALL TALLER THE TALLEST. YOUNG YOUNGER THE YOUNGEST. SMART SMARTER THE SMARTEST. STRONG STRONGER THE STRONGEST.

Robin is strong. Batman is stronger than Robin. But Superman is the strongest.

Lisa is smart. Dr. House is smarter than Lisa. Eisten is the smartest.

Paul is young. Peter is younger than Paul. Edward is the youngest.

Edward is tall. Peter is taller than Edward. Paul is the tallest.

se agrega –st a los adjetivos de una o dos sílabas terminados con la vocal –e. NICE NICER THE NICEST. LARGE LARGER THE LARGEST. SAFE SAFER THE SAFEST.

The bird is nice. The cat is nicer than a bird. The dog is the nicest.

Cuernavaca is safe. Cuautla is safer than Cuernavaca. Yautepec is the safest.

My kitchen sink is large. My sister’s kitchen sink is larger than my kitchen. My mother’s kitchen sink is the largest.

A los adjetivos de una solo sílaba con terminación consonante, antecedida por una vocal, y a está una consonante, se dobla la última consonante antes de agregar -est. Hothotter the hottest. Big bigger the biggest. Fatfatter the fattest. Thinthinner thinnest.

The tennis ball is big. The football (ball) is bigger than the tennis ball. The basketball (ball) is the biggest.

Cuautla is hot. Jojutla is hotter than Cuautla. Zacatepec is the hottest.

Joshua is thin. Oliva is thinner than Joshua. Kenya is the thinnest.

A los adjetivos con terminación en “y”, se cambia la “y” antes de agregar –est. Easyeasierthe easiest. Uglyuglier the ugliest. Busybusierthe busiest. Prettyprettierthe prettiest.

Hugo is ugly. Deyanira is uglier than Hugo. Betty is the ugliest.

Paulina is pretty. Thalia is prettier than Paulina. Megan is the prettiest.

Science is easy. English is easier than Science. Spanish is the easiest.

Edward is happy Paul is happier than Edward. Peter is the happiest.

A los adjetivos con más de dos sílabas en adelante, no se agrega –est al final de este, sino que antecede most al adjetivo para su forma superlativa. Beautiful – more beautiful – the most beautiful. Comfortable – more comfortable – The most comfortable. Intelligent – more intelligent - the most intelligent.

Lisa is intelligent. Dr. House is more intelligent than Lisa. Albert E. is the most intelligent.

A chair is comfortable. A armchair is more comfortable than a chair. A bed is the most comfortable.

Paulina is beautiful. Thalia is more beautiful t han Paulina. Megan is the most beautiful.

Referencias Practical English Usage, Michael Swan, Oxford adjectives.html adjective-word-mat