Cog. In Middle Childhood (ch Cog. In Middle Childhood (ch. 11) Desarrollo Cognoscitivo en la niñez (7 a 11 años) Week 11
Piaget’s Cognitive Dev. Theory Sensorimotor (0-2); Pre-Operational (3-7); Concrete operational (7-11); Formal operational (12- adult)
Piaget’s Stage/ etapa 3: Concrete Operational Thought Periodo de las operaciones concretas (se extiende desde los 7 años hasta los 11 años).
Conservation/Conservación The concept that certain basic properties of an object remain the same even when a transformation changes the physical appearance is mastered by 7;
Thinking becomes decentered: multiple aspects of a problem/situation/ task… aspectos múltiples se consideran al mismo tiempo Reversibility emerges… Class inclusion emerges: the understanding that objects can be classified in different ways and at different levels…poder entender que objetos se pueden clasificar a varios niveles o categorías
Seriation emerges: the ability to order a set of items quantitatively (by size, weight, or length)… La habilidad de poner objetos en orden (físicamente), usando el tamaño, peso, o cantidad). Transitive inference / inferir transitivo (deducir)- when a child seriates/orders mentally… La habilidad de deducir (mentalmente)
Memory Working memory / Memoria Trabajadora-information that a child is currently processing; usually easily retrievable for a task at hand…El procesamiento de información que un niño hace en el momento que es exponido a la informacion. Long term memory / Memoria a largo plazo- information that is never forgotten, which is stored in the brain for a long period of time…información es permanente.
4 aspects of long term memory (Memoria a largo plazo): 1) Encoding/ Codificar- a child forms a mental representation of information they are exposed to. 2) Storage/Almacenamiento- a child categorizes & places content/information into long term memory. 3) Accessing/Tener acceso- when a child tries to find, the mental representation (information) among their mental categories. 4) Retrieval/ Recuperar- when a child activates & is able to use their stored information, at a specific time.