Trematodes Generalidades Platelmintos no segmentados Acelomados, parénquima Tubo digestivo incompleto Tegumento Sin aparato respiratorio ni circulatorio Sistema excretor protonefridial Hermafroditas excepto Schistosoma Fertilización cruzada

Monogenea Ectoparasitos: piel y escamas de peces, anfibios, reptiles y cetáceos. Opistaptor: órgano de adhesión con o sin ganchos Adultos, huevos y larva Hermafroditas Algunas especies vivíparas

Esquema corporal de un Monogenea

Digenea Parásitos Todos los grupos de vertebrados Ventosa oral y ventral Heteroxenos Ciclos complejos con varias generaciones larvarias que parasitan caracoles Adultos hermafroditas Parásitos de alto impacto sanitario (Schistosoma) y económico (Fasciola)

Plan de organización corporal de digenea Some common types of adult digenean worms, which are differential according to the appearance of their (e.g. suckers). The location of sexual organs is only approximate. HK, hooks at collar; IN, intestine; M, mouth; OS, oral sucker; OV, ovary; PH, pharynx; TE, testes; TR, tribocytic organ; VS, ventral sucker

Digenea: Ciclos biologícos

Adultos de clase Digenea EX, excretory bladder; GP, genital pore; GÖ, genital bulbus; HK, hooks, spines of IN, intestine; INC, intestine (cut off on drawing); LC, ; OS, oral sucker; OV, ovary (); RS, TE, UT, uterus with eggs; VE, vas efferens of TE; VI, vitellary glands VS, ventral sucker ()

Adultos de clase Digenea: localización intestinal BE, bulbus of esophagus; BU, bulbus (apical); EX, excretory bladder; GP, genital pore; HK, hooks, spines of tegument; IN, intestine; LC, OS, oral sucker; OV, ovary RS, receptaculum seminis; UT, uterus with eggs; VI, vitellary glands (); VS, ventral sucker (); VSE, vesicula seminalis

Digenea: cercarias

Tegumento

Desarrollo del tegumento en digenea Diagrammatic representation of the development of the syncytial in digeneans (). A which is covered by ciliary plates and formed by the subtegumental layer. B Mother after detachment of ciliary plates. C Daughter sporocysts are covered by a syncytial tegument which is connected by bridges with the subtegumental layer. D the subtegumental layer becomes reduced, and later parenchymal cells will contact the syncytial tegument. CI, cilia; CM, circular muscles; CP, ciliary plate; F, foldings; FI, fibrous layer; G, germinal cells; LM, longitudinal muscles; N, nucleus; P, protruding subtegument; PA, parenchymal cell; RI, ridge; RS, remnants of the subtegument; ST, subtegumental layer; TG, tegument; TH, tegumental thorn (hook)

Célula flamígera

Gastrodermis

Fasciola hepatica- Ciclo

Fasciola hepatica

Superficie tegumentaria de Fasciola hepatica

Fasciola hepatica

Fasciola hepatica- miracidio

Huéspedes intermediarios de Fasciola hepatica en USA . Pseudosuccinea columella (susceptible) B. Fossaria obrussa (refractario) C. Fossaria bulimoides (susceptible) D. Fossaria dalli (refractario) E. Fossaria parva (refractario)

Lymnaea viatrix

Fasciola hepatica- huevo No embrionado Embrionado Miracidio emergiendo

Fasciola hepatica: esporocisto

Fasciola hepatica: redias

Fasciola hepatica: cercaria

Fasciola hepatica: metacercaria

Fasciola hepatica: juvenil recientemente desenquistado

Schistosoma mansoni- Ciclo biológico

Schistosoma mansoni- adultos

Schistosoma - huevos S. mansoni S. haematobium

Huevos de Schistosoma mansoni en el intestino

Schistosoma mansoni- miracidio

Huésped intermediario Biomphalaria glabrata

Schistosoma mansoni- Cercaria

Schistosomula

Schistosomulas de S. mansoni en estadío pulmonar

Granuloma hepático