The evolution of novel psychoactive substances in Spanish recreational settings: Type of substances consumed and trends detected after 10 years of monitoring Mireia Ventura· ABD – Energy Control 30th May 2016

to reduce the risks and harm related to recreational drug use Who we are to reduce the risks and harm related to recreational drug use

Services Peer education Outreach activities in nightlife settings (festivals, underground raves, clubs) Counselling Drug Checking Research

Energy Control

Facilitate direct contact with drug users who otherwise don’t have access to drug programs. Inform about the composition of their drugs and assess the way to use these drugs with less risks. Monitor the illegal market detecting new trends of drugs and drugs’ use and make this information available to all stakeholders involved. El servicio de análisis de sustancias de Energy Control está presente en tres Comunidades Autónomas aunque recibe muestras de todo el territorio nacional y, recientemente, del extranjero gracias al nuevo Servicio Internacional de Análisis de Sustancias.

Evolution

Type of substances analyzed

NPS as adulterants Algunes d’aquestes noves substàncies s’estan detectant com adulterants de les substàncies il·legals més habituals, fet que suposa un fenomen preocupant. POSAR GRÀFIC ESPANYA

Source: Vidal, C.; Fornís, I., y Ventura, M. (2014). New psychoactive substances as adulterants of controlled drugs. A worrying phenomenon? Drug Testing and Analysis, 6, 7-8, 819-824. Drug Checking service data (2013-2015)

Adulteration of ecstasy samples Vidal C et. Al, 2016. Crystals and tablets in the Spanish ecstasy market 2000-2014: are they the same or different in terms of purity and adulteration? Forensic Internacional Science. In press

NPS as adulterants of pills stimulant/empathogenic (low dosages) psychedelic (at medium or high doses) Dosage ≈ 10-30 mg 2C-X (2C-B, 2C-E y 2C-I) Algunes d’aquestes noves substàncies s’estan detectant com adulterants de les substàncies il·legals més habituals, fet que suposa un fenomen preocupant. POSAR GRÀFIC ESPANYA Caudevilla- Gálligo et al. 2012. 4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B): presence in the recreational drug market in Spain, pattern of use and subjective effects. Journal of Psychopharmacology 26(7), 1026-35.

NPS as adulterants of MDMA CATHINONES methylone ethylone 4-BMC & 4-CMC Alpha-PVP (flakka) Algunes d’aquestes noves substàncies s’estan detectant com adulterants de les substàncies il·legals més habituals, fet que suposa un fenomen preocupant. POSAR GRÀFIC ESPANYA

NPS as adulterants of LSD 25-X-NBOMe (~ LSD) First time detected in 2012 2014: DOC, 25B-NBOMe, 25C-NBOMe and 25I-NBOMe 2015: New presentations: jelly beans 2016: New LSD analogues detected: 1p-LSD, AL-LAD, ALD-52... Algunes d’aquestes noves substàncies s’estan detectant com adulterants de les substàncies il·legals més habituals, fet que suposa un fenomen preocupant. POSAR GRÀFIC ESPANYA

NPS as adulterants of ketamine Methoxetamine Deschloroketamine Methoxyphenidine Mephedrone

? Evolution NPS Energy Control’s Drug Checking service (2006-2016) Phenetylamines and tryptamines “Shulgin’s era” (4-ACO-DMT, 2C-B, methylone, 2C-T7) 2C-B Cathinones as adulterants of MDMA 4-FA First synthetic cannabinoids “Legal Highs” (Cathinones, piperazines, synthetic cannabinoids) Methoxetamine NBOMe Consolidation of NPS as adulterants Shortage of ketamine  new arylcyclohexylamines Very powerful NPS as adulterants (alpha-PVP, fentanyl derivatives) ? 2006 2008 2007 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 LSD analogues (1p-LSD, AL-LAD, ALD-52)

Thanks! Contact Mireia Ventura mireia@energycontrol.org With the collaboration of: