The Maya had two cyclical calendars, one a sacred or ritual calendar, and the other a calendar that marked a solar year, similar to ours. El calendario

El calendario Tzolk'in - El calendario sagrado 20 días 13 números 1 2 3 4 5 Imix Chuwen Ik’ Eb’ Ak’bal 6 7 8 9 10 Ben K’an Ix Chikchan Men 11 12 13 1 2 Kimi’ Kib’ Manik’ Kab’an Lamat 3 4 5 6 7 Etz’nab’ Muluk Kawak Ok Ajaw The Tzolk’in, or ritual calendar consisted of 20 days names that were paired with the numbers 1-13 to create the cycle of days. After 13, the numbers start again at 1 to complete the first cycle of 20 days. In the second cycle the day names start over, but the numbers continue from the previous cycle. ¿Qué día sigue 7 Ajaw? 8 Imix

El calendario Tzolk'in - El calendario sagrado 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Imix Chuwen Ik' Eb’ Ak'bal Ben K'an Ix Chikchan Men Kimi’ Kib’ Manik’ 14 Kab'an 15 Lamat 16 Etz'nab’ 17 Muluk 18 Kawak 19 Ok 20 Ajaw ¿Cuántos días hasta que llegamos otra vez al día 1 Imix? 260 días This slide shows one complete cycle of unique day name/number combinations. After 260 days the day names start again from the beginning. Adapted from: Pohl, John. John Pohl’s Mesoamerica. 2003. 09-01-2012. <http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/>

El calendario Tzolk'in - El calendario sagrado 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Imix Chuwen Ik' Eb’ Ak'bal Ben K'an Ix Chikchan Men Kimi’ Kib’ Manik’ 14 Kab'an 15 Lamat 16 Etz'nab’ 17 Muluk 18 Kawak 19 Ok 20 Ajaw ¿Piensas que el número 13 es importante para los mayas? The number 13 is significant for the Maya because of its association with the calendar. Adapted from: Pohl, John. John Pohl’s Mesoamerica. 2003. 09-30-2010. <http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/>

El calendario Haab - El calendario solar 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Pop Wo Sip Sotz' Sek Xul Yaxk'in Mol Ch'en Yax Sak Kej Mak K'ank'in Muwan Pax K'ayab' K'umk'u Wayeb' 5 días de mucha preocupación 18 meses de 20 días 1 mes de 5 días = 365 días The Haab’ or solar calendar has a cycle of 18 months of 20 numbered days plus one month of 5 days, which were considered days of danger and chaos. Adapted from: Pohl, John. John Pohl’s Mesoamerica. 2003. 09-01-2012. <http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/>

Una combinación del Tzolk'in y el Haab La rueda calendárica 1 2 3 Pop Wo Sip Imix 1 Imix 0 Pop 8 Imix 0 Wo Chuwen 2 Chuwen 1 Pop 9 Chuwen 1 Wo Ik' 3 Ik’ 2 Pop 10 Ik’ 2 Wo 4 Eb’ 4 Eb’ 3 Pop 11 Eb’ 3 Wo 5 Ak'bal 5 Ak’bal 4 Pop 12 Ak’bal 4 Wo 6 Ben 6 Ben 5 Pop 13 Ben 5 Wo 7 K'an 7 K’an 6 Pop 1 K’an 6 Wo 8 Ix 8 Ix 7 Pop 2 Ix 7 Wo 9 Chikchan 9 Chikchan 8 Pop 3 Chikchan 8 Wo 10 Men 10 Men 9 Pop 4 Men 9 Wo 11 Kimi’ 11 Kimi’ 10 Pop 5 Kimi’ 10 Wo 12 Kib’ 12 Kib’ 11 Pop 6 Kib’ 11 Wo 13 Manik’ 13 Manik’ 12 Pop 7 Manik’ 12 Wo 14 Kab'an 1 Kab’an 13 Pop 8 Kab’an 13 Wo 15 Lamat 2 Lamat 14 Pop 9 Lamat 14 Wo 16 Etz'nab’ 3 Etz’nab’ 15 Pop 10 Etz’nab’ 15 Wo 17 Muluk 4 Muluk 16 Pop 11 Muluk 16 Wo 18 Kawak 5 Kawak 17 Pop 12 Kawak 17 Wo 19 Ok 6 Ok 18 Pop 13 Ok 18 Wo 20 Ajaw 7 Ajaw 19 Pop 1 Ajaw 19 Wo meses días 2 Imix 0 Sip 3 Chuwen 1 Sip 4 Ik’ 1 Sip Una combinación del Tzolk'in y el Haab ¿Qué día sigue el 1 Ajaw 19 Wo? If you overlay the 260-day calendar and the 360-day calendar, you have days that are named for both calendars – for example, 1Imix (the first day of the 260-day calendar), 0 Pop (the first day of the 360-day calendar). Adapted from: Pohl, John. John Pohl’s Mesoamerica. 2003. 09-01-2012. <http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/>

¿Cuánto tiempo hasta que llegamos otra vez al día 1 Imix 0 Pop? La rueda calendárica 1 2 3 Pop Wo Sip Imix 1 Imix 0 Pop 8 Imix 0 Wo Chuwen 2 Chuwen 1 Pop 9 Chuwen 1 Wo Ik' 3 Ik’ 2 Pop 10 Ik’ 2 Wo 4 Eb’ 4 Eb’ 3 Pop 11 Eb’ 3 Wo 5 Ak'bal 5 Ak’bal 4 Pop 12 Ak’bal 4 Wo 6 Ben 6 Ben 5 Pop 13 Ben 5 Wo 7 K'an 7 K’an 6 Pop 1 K’an 6 Wo 8 Ix 8 Ix 7 Pop 2 Ix 7 Wo 9 Chikchan 9 Chikchan 8 Pop 3 Chikchan 8 Wo 10 Men 10 Men 9 Pop 4 Men 9 Wo 11 Kimi’ 11 Kimi’ 10 Pop 5 Kimi’ 10 Wo 12 Kib’ 12 Kib’ 11 Pop 6 Kib’ 11 Wo 13 Manik’ 13 Manik’ 12 Pop 7 Manik’ 12 Wo 14 Kab'an 1 Kab’an 13 Pop 8 Kab’an 13 Wo 15 Lamat 2 Lamat 14 Pop 9 Lamat 14 Wo 16 Etz'nab’ 3 Etz’nab’ 15 Pop 10 Etz’nab’ 15 Wo 17 Muluk 4 Muluk 16 Pop 11 Muluk 16 Wo 18 Kawak 5 Kawak 17 Pop 12 Kawak 17 Wo 19 Ok 6 Ok 18 Pop 13 Ok 18 Wo 20 Ajaw 7 Ajaw 19 Pop 1 Ajaw 19 Wo meses días 2 Imix 0 Sip 3 Chuwen 1 Sip 4 Ik’ 1 Sip ¿Cuánto tiempo hasta que llegamos otra vez al día 1 Imix 0 Pop? Using both calendars to name the days, it would be 52 years before the date 1 Imix 0 Pop comes around again. 52 años Adapted from: Pohl, John. John Pohl’s Mesoamerica. 2003. 09-01-2012. <http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/>

¿Puedes encontrar esta fecha: 4 Ajaw 8 K’umku’? An example of the date 4 Ahaw (260-day calendar name) 8 K’umku’ (360-day calendar name) in Maya glyphs. Schele drawing famsi.org

Rueda de katunes, Museo de Toniná, México Esta es una fecha ¿Qué número ves? Esta fecha es 7 Ajaw Rueda de katunes, Museo de Toniná, México

Photos: Lynn Fernandez el fin Photos: Lynn Fernandez