tratamiento CIRUGÍA Estimulación Reducción Estabilización Osteogénesis

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Rol de las ondas de choque en el tratamiento de los retardos de consolidación y pseudoartrosis

tratamiento CIRUGÍA Estimulación Reducción Estabilización Osteogénesis Osteoinducción Osteoconducción Osteogenesis is the formation of new bone by existing differentiated bone forming cells of any origin. Osteoinduction is the differentiation of previously uncommitted connective tissue cells into bone forming cells. Osteoconduction is where inert material acts as a scaffold for living tissues (connective tissue cells andblood vessels) to grow in and form viable bone by gradual substitution. The inert material is usually cancellous bone graft, but other biological and nonbiological materials are increasingly being used as an alternative.

Estimulación Injertos óseos Mecánica Eléctrica Vascular Biológica Bone grafts are used to enhance fracture healing when there is the need to replace missing bone or stimulate bone formation. They can be used to stimulate osteogenesis, to fill bone defects or to bear weight. In the musculo-skeletal tissue, it is likely that during bone repair and regeneration, the type of stresses applied may determine the tissue outcome and its formation mechanism. The application of electromagnetic stimuli to aid fracture healing arose from the discovery of electric potentials when bone is subjected to mechanical forces It is possible that some angiogenic factors may promote bone formation in avascular sites or where angiogenesis is limiting osteogenesis, but further research is needed in this field. Bone marrow aspirate, Bone morphogenic proteins, Transforming growth factor beta Pacheco, Trauma, 2004

requisitos absolutos 1. Foco estable

requisitos relativos 1. Brecha menor de 5 mm. 2. P. hipertrófica 3. Ausencia de infección

Protocolo de tratamiento Parámetros Electrohidráulico Electromagnético DFE 0,3 – 0,55 mJ/mm2 0,4 – 0,6 mJ/mm2 Frecuencia 1 a 5 Hz Pulsos 2000 a 4000 3000 a 6000 Sesiones 1 a 3 3 a 4

Protocolo de seguimiento Inmovilización o descarga. Seguimiento radiológico: mensual. Hasta 12 semanas es más importante respuesta clínica. En caso de duda tac. Falta de respuesta entre 12 a 16 semanas: 2da aplicación. Resultado definitivo en huesos largos: 6 meses.

Evidencia científica en pseudoartrosis No existe una definición exacta. Series poco homogéneas. Pocos estudios con grupo control.

“No hay suficiente evidencia” Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating ankle fractures in adults-2012 Interventions for treating fractures of the proximal humerus in adults-2012 Intramedullary nailing for tibial shaft fractures in adults-2012 “No hay suficiente evidencia” Surgical interventions for treating acute fractures or non-union of the middle third of the clavicle-2015 Interventions for treating fractures of the distal femur in adults-2015 Surgical interventions for treating distal tibial metaphyseal fractures in adults-2015

Equipo electrohidráulico. Pseudoartrosis Estudio prospectivo. 324 casos. Equipo electrohidráulico. Distintos huesos. Consolidación: 80%

Pseudoartrosis de tibia Serie de casos retrospectiva. Equipo electrohidráulico. 172 casos tratados en un solo centro. Consolidación: 80%

Pseudoartrosis base de V MTT Estudio aleatorizado con grupo control. Equipo electrohidráulico. 23 vs 20 ESWT vs cirugía Consolidación: 87/90 %

Pseudoartrosis de escafoides Estudio aleatorizado con grupo control. Equipo electromagnético. 58 vs 60 ESWT vs cirugía Consolidación: 79/78 %

Pseudoartrosis hipertróficas Estudio aleatorizado con grupo control. Equipo electromagnéticos. 42 vs 42 vs 42 ESWT vs ESWT vs cirugía Consolidación: 70/71/74 %

Pseudoartrosis atróficas Estudio retrospectivo. Equipo electrohidráulico. 22 casos. Consolidación: 63 %

Eficiencia Autor Ahorro Kuderna, 2000. 75,5% Tovio, 2002. 4389 € Eid, 2008. Ramón, 2015. 67,5%