El Preterito U1E1 Past tense. Past tense. refers to specific, completed past actions refers to specific, completed past actions Key Phrases: Key Phrases: Certain time (last night, yesterday at 4:00, last July 4 th ) Certain time (last night, yesterday at 4:00, last July 4 th ) certain number of times (once, 3 times) certain number of times (once, 3 times) Structure: Simple tense Structure: Simple tense verb stem + ending verb stem + ending

The Preterite Tense Fixed point in time Fixed point in time I called you at 3:00 I called you at 3:00 Specific number of actions Specific number of actions I called you five times I called you five times Enclosed amount of time Enclosed amount of time I worked for eight hours. I worked for eight hours.

Sometimes time is implied rather than stated. 1. I went to Johns party. 2. We ate at McDonalds. 3. The meeting was boring In the first 2 sentences, it is implied that the action happened once. In the first 2 sentences, it is implied that the action happened once. in the 3 rd, we can assume that the meeting, from beginning to end, was boring. in the 3 rd, we can assume that the meeting, from beginning to end, was boring.

Forming regular verbs in the preterite. -ar verbs. Drop the –ar and add the following endings -ar verbs. Drop the –ar and add the following endings hablar (I spoke, you spoke, he spoke) hablar (I spoke, you spoke, he spoke) Yo-éNosotros-amos úTúúTú-asteVosotros-asteis É Él/Ella/Ud.-óEllos(as)/Uds.-aron Yo -hablé Nosotros-hablamos úTúúTú -hablaste Vosotros-hablasteis É Él/Ella/Ud. -habló Ellos(as)/Uds.-hablaron

-er and –ir verbs. Drop the –er or –ir and add the following endings –They are exactly the same! -er and –ir verbs. Drop the –er or –ir and add the following endings –They are exactly the same! comer (I ate, you ate, he ate) comer (I ate, you ate, he ate) vivir (I lived, you lived, he lived) vivir (I lived, you lived, he lived) Yo -í-í-í-íNosotros-imos úTúúTú-isteVosotros-isteis É Él/Ella/Ud.-ióEllos(as)/Uds.-ieron Yo -comí Nosotros-comimos úTúúTú-comisteVosotros-comisteis É Él/Ella/Ud.-comióEllos(as)/Uds.-comieron Yo -viví Nosotros-vivimos úTúúTú-vivisteVosotros-vivisteis É Él/Ella/Ud.-vivióEllos(as)/Uds.-vivieron

Orthographic Changes in Regular Verbs (Crazy yos!) verbs ending in gar; insert u before the e verbs ending in gar; insert u before the e yo llegué yo llegué verbs ending in car; change c to qu verbs ending in car; change c to qu yo busqué yo busqué verbs ending in zar; change z to c. verbs ending in zar; change z to c. yo almorcé yo almorcé

Verbos Irregulares (grupo 1) ser, ir, hacer are unpredictable and must be memorized. ser, ir, hacer are unpredictable and must be memorized. ser and ir have same conjugation; use context clues to determine the appropriate word. ser and ir have same conjugation; use context clues to determine the appropriate word.

Irregular conjugations: ir, ser, hacer hacer ser ir tútútútú ellos nosotros élélélélyohicieronfueronfueron hicimosfuimosfuimos hizofuefue hicistefuistefuiste hicefuifui

Irregular conjugations dar, ver dar and ver have –er/-ir endings but no accents! dar and ver have –er/-ir endings but no accents! vierondieron vimosdimos viodio vistediste vi di ver dar ellos nosotros élélélél tútútútúyo

Practica! Yocaminar Juan y ustedir Manuelabrir Yoempezar Túbajar Ellosviajar Nosotrosacampar Yosacar Cecil y Bettyhacer Yollegar Abigal y yobeber Miguel y túdar Túver caminé fueron abrió empecé bajaste viajaron acampamos saqué hicieron llegué bebimos disteis (dieron) viste