El Subjuntivo Capítulo 4A

El subjuntivo – un repaso The subjunctive is a not a verb TENSE. It is a MOOD. Mood = how the speaker feels about the action Tense = when an action takes place (past, present, future)

The 3 moods in Spanish: Indicative (facts, certainty, objectivity) Imperative (commands) Subjunctive (doubt, uncertainty, subjectivity)

Subjunctive – Regular verbs Put the verb in present tense “yo” form of indicative. Drop the “-o” Add subjunctive endings. -ar -er/-ir -e -emos -es -éis -en -a -amos -as -áis -an

Subjunctive - Irregular Dar (dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den) Ir (vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan) Ser (sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean) Haber *haya Estar (esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén) Saber (sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan)

Subjunctive – Stem-Change -ar and -er stem changers will do regular BOOT pattern. contar (o-ue) -ir stem changers will change in BOOT and *SOCCER BALL! *only e>i or o>u dormir (o-ue) cuente contemos cuentes contéis cuenten duerma durmamos duermas durmáis duerman

El Subjuntivo – Un repaso A sentence with subjunctive has 2 parts: 1st clause + que + 2nd clause Ex: Mis padres quieren que yo estudie mucho. 1st clause 2nd clause (indicative) (subjunctive)

Indicative vs subjunctive John goes to the store. (fact) I know that John goes to the store. (fact) Subjunctive: I want John to go to the store. (uncertainty) I hope that John goes to the store. (uncertainty) It’s good that John goes to the store. (subjective opinion)

Uses of Subjunctive (doubt, uncertainty, subjectivity) Wishes/wants (3B) Emotions (NEW - 4A) – subjective opinion Impersonal expressions Recommendations Doubt/denial Ojalá

Subjunctive - Emotions *Subjunctive is used after verbs and impersonal phrases that express emotions. (subjective opinion) Temo que… Es triste que… Siento que… Es bueno/malo que… Me alegro de que… Es una lástima que… Me molesta que… Me sorprende que… Me gusta que… Ojalá que… Me enoja que… Espero que…

Vamos a practicar: It surprises me that she is jealous. I fear that we have nothing in common. She hopes that you change your mind.

Subjunctive vs infinitive *When the sentence has only ONE subject, you will use an INFINITIVE instead of the subjunctive. Compare the following: 1. Es bueno que nosotros seamos honestos. 2. Es bueno ser honesto.

Vamos a Practicar: ¿Infinitivo o Subjuntivo? Es malo ______ celos. (tener) Me molesta que mi amiga no me ___. (apoyar) Espero que tú ______ mi secreto. (guardar) Siento no ______ ir al cine contigo. (poder)