Isaías 22-27

Examen corto Escribe de memoria Isaías 6.8-10. ¿Cuál es el mensaje general de Isaías y Dios para las naciones? ¿Cuál profecía está en Is. 9 y en Mat. 4? ¿Quién era la nación que iba a llevar cautivo a Israel en 721 A.C? Nombra cinco de las naciones que recibieron profecías en Is. 15-21. Extra: La palabra hebrea para vástago es...

Primera carta abierta Julio Beitia

Capítulo 22 v. 1 Valle de Visión—Jerusalén 22:8 Palacio del bosque de Lebanon I Reyes 7:2, 10:17

22:9-11 Preparación para defenderse, sin consultar a Dios. 22:12 Dios les llama al arrepentimiento, pero ellos festejan. Comparar 22:13 con 1 Cor 15:32 22:22 Llave de la casa de David, comparar con Mat. 16:19, 18:18, Apoc. 3:7

Jerusalem and wilderness aerial from west Jericho Judean Wilderness Dead Sea Jerusalem and wilderness aerial from west Dome of the Rock Mt. of Olives Israel Museum Knesset Jerusalem and wilderness aerial from west

Wilderness with Mt of Olives aerial from northwest Judean Wilderness Dead Sea Herodium Mt. of Olives Wilderness with Mt of Olives aerial from northwest

Jerusalem southern area aerial from east Bethlehem Rephaim Valley Har Homa Jerusalem southern area aerial from east

Jerusalem aerial from southeast Modern Mt. Zion Hinnom Valley Jerusalem aerial from southeast

Jerusalem area aerial from north Herodium Bethlehem Dead Sea Jerusalem area aerial from north Zion Square Jerusalem area aerial from north

Jerusalem from south panorama

Jerusalem aerial from southwest Hebrew University Jerusalem aerial from southwest Kidron Valley Silwan Jaffa Gate YMCA Parking Lot Construction Hinnom Valley Sultan’s Pool Jerusalem aerial from southwest

Hinnom Valley to south from Mount Zion The Origin of the Term “Gehenna” Gy' bn hnm, the Hebrew name for this valley, is in shortened form gy'hinm, as seen in Nehemiah 11:30. This became "Gehenna" in later Jewish history, especially as it symbolized the place of destiny for the wicked. The strongly negative connotations associated with the Hinnom Valley are derived from the prophecies of Jeremiah against the wicked acts of the latter Judean kings, Ahaz and Manasseh. These two kings were condemned for sacrificing their sons in the fire in the Valley of Ben Hinnom (2 Ki 16:2-3, 21:6; 2 Chr 28:3, 33:6). Jeremiah, the prophet of the destruction of Jerusalem, condemned these wicked actions and foresaw a day when this valley will be so full of dead that there will be "no more room." Twice he tells of the awful things that will be done in this valley as a result of the atrocious kingly deeds (Jer 7:31ff, 19:6ff). Because of the eschatological nature of these passages, and the fact that those punished here are not limited to those serving pagan gods, Jeremiah suggests an early understanding of an association of this valley with a future retribution. Another possibility is that Gehenna became synonymous with hell because the cultic worship sites of the gods were considered entrances to the realms of the gods they served (Bailey 1986: 191). The god Molech's realm could have been first perceived as being underneath the Hinnom Valley and its usage broadened in later Judaism to mean evil in its entirely. Gehenna is used for hell 11 times and hades only 4 times in the Gospels. “There is, however, no explicit distinction in Jesus’ teachings between hades and gehenna” (Lunde 1992: 311). Gehenna appears frequently in rabbinic literature. The Talmud says that the entrance to Gehenna is in the Hinnom Valley. Hinnom Valley to south from Mount Zion

Kidron Valley and Golden Gate with snow

22:22 Ciudad de David 2 Sam. 5:6 ss, 6:12 1 Reyes 8:1-6 Nota que los muros de Jerusalén han cambiado del tiempo de David, de Jesús, y hoy.

Map of Jerusalem in 1st century A.D. This map provides a bird’s-eye view of Jerusalem in the Second Temple period. The map gives the primary features of the model, including the three walls, the Temple and Temple Mount, the Antonia Fortress, the Pools of Bethesda, the hippodrome, the City of David, the theater, Herod’s palace, and the tower of Psephinus. It also includes an inner wall (along the east side of the Western Hill) that has since been removed from the model. Map of Jerusalem in 1st century A.D.

Jerusalem aerial from east Knesset Hinnom Valley Kidron Valley Hill of Offense Jerusalem aerial from east

City of David aerial from east close-up St. Peter in Gallicantu City of David aerial from east close-up Central (Tyropean) Valley Area G Gihon Spring Middle Bronze Wall (Water Gate?) City of David aerial from east close-up

Temple Mount and City of David aerial from southwest Gethsemane Temple Mount and City of David aerial from southwest Kidron Valley Dung Gate Gihon Spring Central (Tyropean) Valley Pool of Siloam St. Peter in Gallicantu Oskar Schindler’s tomb Temple Mount and City of David aerial from southwest

Temple Mount and City of David aerial from sw close-up Dung Gate Kidron Valley Temple Mount and City of David aerial from sw close-up Central (Tyropean) Valley Tomb of David? Pool of Siloam Temple Mount and City of David aerial from sw close-up

Kidron Valley, City of David, Silwan from north The Kidron Valley was deeper in the OT period than it is today by about 60 feet (20 m). Kidron Valley, City of David, Silwan from north

Central Valley from south The Central Valley is also known as the Tyropoean Valley (its Greek name), or as it has been inaccurately translated, the Cheesemaker’s Valley. Today the Arabs call it simply el-Wad, the valley. Central Valley from south

City of David from south The City of David No significant remains have been found from the time of Herod in the City of David (southern half of the Eastern Hill). This is largely because Emperor Hadrian had the city wiped clean of any traces of the Jews following the Second Jewish Revolt (135 A.D.). The Pool of Siloam is located on the western side of the City of David in the Central (Tyropoean) Valley. Jesus sent a blind man here to be healed (John 9). City of David from south

City of David City of David The City of David Josephus speaks of large palace structures on the Eastern Hill built by Queen Helene of Adiabene. These complexes are built in a foreign style (Parthian); they are meant to represent brick buildings. The people of Mesopotamia built brick houses/palaces which were completely different from all other buildings. The southernmost building is the synagogue of the Freedman. This building has not been found, but Raymond Weill found an inscription referring to a synagogue built by “Theodotos, son of Vetenos.” City of David

Siloam Pool Siloam Pool

Video de las escaleras sureñas del tiempo de David y después. (14 minutos, max.)

Capítulo 23-24 v. 17 Primeros tres verbos en hebreo—pajad, pajat, y paj ¡Huyen del pajad, caen en pajat, salen del pajat y el paj te atrapa! v. 20 Interesante que dice estas cosas de la tierra—la tierra misma sufre por la conexión con el hombre. Rom. 8:19-22 V 21-22 ejercito de los cielos comp con 2 Ped. 2:4

Capítulo 25 Vv 6ss Un cuadro de Apocalipsis? Comparar con I Cor. 15:54, Rev. 7:17, 21:4 vv. 6, 7, 10 Este monte--¿Sion? Qué buena pregunta de ensayo sería describir a Sión en Isaías y/o el OT

Capítulo 26 Canción de alabanza V 2 Comp con Ps. 118:19ss, canción de Hallel, y Mat. 21 v. 8 comp con Ps. 119 v. 18 infructífero v. 19 resurrección? v. 20 comp con Heb. 10, Gen. 7 encerrar a Noe en el arca, o los israelitas en sus casas la última noche.

Capítulo 27 v. 1 leviatán, busca en Logos Se puede aplicar a cualquier reptil grande del agua, cocodrilos, etc. Se aplica también a los líderes hostil a Israel, y ultimamente a Satanás. (Ap. 20:10) v. 2 hebreo para vino rojo, comp. otras traducciones

v. 5 refugio 4581 מָעֹוז, מָעֹוזֶן [ma`owz, ma`uwz, ma`oz, ma`uz /maw·oze/] n m. From 5810; TWOT 1578a; GK 5057 Comparar ingles y español v. 8 comparar trad. Strongs 5432, tambien 7971-73 v. 9 ¿como aplicamos esto a nuestro pecado y arrepentimiento? ¿Equivalente?

v. 12 יַחְבֹּט Strongs 2251 la imagen de trillar o cosechar golpeando; miren el area que Dios va a cosechar para buscar a su pueblo. Aplicacion? v. 13 la trompeta corresponde a la que suena en el septimo mes de la fiesta de trompetas que llama al pueblo a una convocación santa. Segunda venida de Cristo? Asiria y Egipto—lugares de la dispersión de los judios. Hch. 2?