Hazlo ahora – 7/6 Escribe la palabra correcta.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Hazlo ahora – 7/6 Escribe la palabra correcta. 1. 3. 2. afeitarse Cepillarse los dientes estirarse 4. 5. 6. acostarse dormirse reírse

Hazlo ahora – 10/6 Escribe la palabra correcta. 1. 3. 2. La vía Subir al tren El risco 4. 5. 6. El hall La llegada El tren

Hazlo ahora – 11/6 Escribe la palabra correcta. La servilleta El plato 3. 1. 4. 2. La cuchara El tenedor 5. 5. El cuchillo

Hazlo ahora- 12/6 Escribe la palabra correcta. 1. 3. 2. caminar Una procesión, un desfile, desfilar Una ofrenda 4. 5. 6. Un disfraz Enterrado(a) Un aguinaldo

Hazlo ahora- 13/6 4. El vaso 1. La cucharita 3. La taza 2. El platillo

Guía de estudiar El examen final

Repaso F Indirect object pronouns Direct object pronouns Double object pronouns

I. Indirect object pronouns The indirect object receives the action of the verb indirectly (Who?) in a sentence. An indirect object pronoun replaces or clarifies the indirect object. The IOP are: a. Me d. nos b. Te e. os c. Le f. les

II. Direct object pronouns 1. The direct object receives the action in a sentence. A direct object pronoun replaces the direct object. The DOP are: me nos te os lo, la los, las

III. Double object pronouns A. Two pronouns may be used in one sentence, indirect and direct. 1. Order of pronouns 1. Reflexive 2. Indirect 3. Direct 2. If the IOP is “le, les” and the direct object pronoun is “lo, la, los, las” the “le, les” changes to se. This is because you cannot le lo you have to se lo. B. Pronoun placement. 1. Direct object, indirect object, and reflexive pronouns are placed before the conjugated verb. They may also be attached to the end of the infinitive or the gerund (-ándo/iéndo). 2. If two pronouns are attached to the end of an infinitive an accent is needed (ár/ér/ír). If one or two pronouns are attached to the end of a present participle an accent is needed (ándo/iéndo/yéndo).

Práctica - Object Pronouns El papá se la leyó. Jaime se lo prestó. Me lo necesitas dar. / Necesitas dármelo. Nos la tienes que decir. / Tienes que decírnosla. Te la estoy vendiendo. / Estoy vendiéndotela. A. Miguel los come. Yo las como. Tú las comes. Nosotros lo comemos. Los niños la comen.

Chapter 1 Vocabulario- En avión Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns Irregular verbs in the yo form Present progressive

II. Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns 1. An adjective modifies a noun. A pronoun acts as a noun. 2. Examples: that blue skirt = esa falda azul. that blue one = ésa azul.

este Estos éste éstos esta estas ésta éstas Ese Esos ése ésos esa esas demonstrative adjectives demonstrative pronouns this these this one these (ones) este Estos éste éstos esta estas ésta éstas that those that one those (ones) Ese Esos ése ésos esa esas ésa ésas that over there those over there that one over there those (ones) over there Aquel Aquellos Aquél Aquéllos aquella aquellas aquélla aquéllas

III. Irregular yo The first person singular forms (yo form) of the following verbs are irregular. Infinitive Yo Form fall Caer Caigo know people/places Conocer Conozco give Dar Doy do, make Hacer Hago put, place Poner Pongo know information Saber Sé leave, go out Salir Salgo bring Traer Traigo see Ver Veo say/tell Decir Digo hear oír oigo come venir vengo

Irregular Yo Saber = to know Sé sabemos Sabes sabéis Sabe saben Oír = to hear Oigo oímos Oyes oís Oye oyen Caer = to fall Caigo caemos Caes caéis Cae caen Salir = to leave Salgo salimos Sales salís Sale salen

Tener = to have Tengo tenemos Tienes tenéis Tiene tienen Poner = to put, place Pongo ponemos Pones ponéis Pone ponen Ser = to be Soy somos Eres sois Es son Decir = to say, tell Digo decimos Dices decís Dice dicen

Conocer = to know (people, places, things) Conozco conocemos Conoces conocéis Conoce conocen Ver = to see Veo vemos Ves veis Ve ven venir = to come Vengo venimos Vienes venís Viene vienen Traer = to bring Traigo traemos Traes traéis Trae traen

Estar = to be Estoy estamos Estás estáis Está están Hacer = to do, make Hago hacemos Haces hacéis Hace hacen Dar = to give Doy damos Das dais Da dan

IV. Present Progressive (5) 1. The present progressive is a form of estar in the present tense and a present participle. It means the –ing form in English. 2. The forms of estar in the present tense are: Estoy estamos Estás estáis Está están 3. The regular present participle ending for –ar verbs is -ando, and for –er/-ir verbs is -iendo. These endings mean -ing in English. 4. Some verbs require a y ending so that there are not 3 vowels in a row. Some of these verbs are: Ir = yendo Creer = creyendo Leer = leyendo Oír = oyendo Traer = trayendo Caer = cayendo

5. Stem-changing –ar/-er verbs do not stem change in the present participle, but stem-changing –ir verbs do. –Ir verbs that change e—ie and e—i in the present tense change e-i in the present participle, and –ir verbs that change o—ue in the present tense change o-u in the present participle. The following verbs also stem-change in the present participle: decir—diciendo; venir--viniendo; poder—pudiendo. Some examples are: e-i servir = sirviendo pedir = pidiendo repetir = repitiendo preferir = prefiriendo decir = diciendo venir = viniendo o-u dormir = durmiendo poder = pudiendo morir = muriendo 6. Reflexive pronouns are placed either before the form of estar, or attached to the end of the present participle and an accent must be added (ándo/iéndo). 7. Examples: I am talking. They are reading. He is falling asleep.

Práctica 1. ¿Te gusta este coche o ése? Me gusta aquél. 2. ¿Quieres estos pantalones o ésos? Quiero aquéllos. 3. ¿Prefieres esta camisa o ésa? Prefiero aquélla. 4. Vas a leer estas revistas o ésas? Voy a leer aquéllas.

B Hago Conozco Sé Pongo Doy Salgo Caigo Traigo veo

C 11. Va Doy 12. Vas Da 13. Voy Damos 14. Vamos Dan 15. Van Das 16. Haces 17. Hago 18. Hacemos 19. Hace 20. Hacen (hacéis) Doy Da Damos Dan Das Ve Veo Ves Ven vemos

E. Están haciendo Está nadando Están cayendo Estás oyendo Están sirviendo Está repitiendo Estoy durmiendo D. Estoy mandando una carta. Está patinando sobre hielo. Están construyendo con bloques. Estás corriendo. Estamos comiendo Está leyendo el periódico.

Capítulo 2 Vocabulario – La rutina diaria Reflexive verbs (Páginas 46-47) Favor de (Página 52)

II. Reflexive verbs A. Reflexive verbs in the infinitive form end in se. B. Reflexive verbs require reflexive pronouns. They show actions done to oneself. C. Examples: me lavo ella se cepilla Pedro se mira Ana se duerme D. When conjugating reflexive verbs you need to include reflexive pronouns.

Pronombres Reflexivos Me nos Te os Se se

E. Las Conjugaciones Portarse (present) = to behave Me porto nos portamos Te portas os portáis Se porta se portan Divertirse (preterite) = to have fun Me divertí nos divertimos Te divertiste os divertisteis Se divirtió se divirtieron Ponerse (imperfect) = to put on Me ponía nos poníamos Te ponías os poníais Se ponía se ponían

F Nos divertíamos Me ponía Se despertaba Te portabas Me reunía Se sonreía Se afeitaba Me acostaba

III. Mandatos con Favor De A. The expression favor de followed by an infinitive is a very useful way to give a command to tell someone what to do. It is very polite and you can use favor de with a friend an adult, or any group of people. Ejemplo: Favor de volver pronto. B. Whenever a pronoun is used with the infinitive, the pronoun is attached to it. Ejemplo: Favor de ayudarme.

C. Práctica Favor de venir. Favor de acostarte. Favor de ponerse los zapatos.

Capítulo 3 Vocabulario Preterite Pronouns after a preposition

II. El Pretérito The endings for the preterite are: -ar Yo -é nosotros -amos tú -aste vosotros -asteis él, ella, Ud. -ó ellos, ellas, Uds. -aron -er / -ir yo -í nosotros -imos tú -iste vosotros -isteis él, ella, Ud. -ió ellos, ellas, Uds. -ieron

B. Palabras claves (Key Words) Anoche– last night Ayer- yesterday Anteayer- the day before yesterday Esta mañana- this morning La semana pasada- last week El año/mes pasado- last year / last month El fin de semana pasado- last weekend

C. Spelling Changes in the yo form (preterite) -car  -qué Buscar  yo busqué Explicar  yo expliqué Practicar  yo practiqué Sacar  yo saqué

-gar  gué Jugar  yo jugué Llegar  yo llegué pagar  yo pagué

-zar  cé Almorzar  yo almorcé Comenzar  yo comencé empezar  yo empecé

Hacer = to do, make Hice hicimos Hiciste hicisteis Hizo hicieron To go = Ir, ser = to be Fui fuimos Fuiste fuisteis Fue fueron ver = to see Vi vimos Viste visteis Vio vieron Dar = to give Di dimos Diste disteis Dio dieron

Talking about the past: 1. Irregular Preterite Verbs: querer  quis- saber  sup- tener  tuv- traer  traj-* venir  vin- andar  anduv- decir  dij-* estar  estuv- poder  pud- poner  pus-

2. Irregular Preterite Endings -i -imos -iste -isteis -o -ieron/-eron*

E. Stem-changing verbs in the preterite (Los Panqueques) competir (e i) compitió, compitieron pedir (ei) pidió, pidieron preferir (ei) prefirió, prefirieron repetir (ei) repitió, repitieron servir (ei) sirvió, sirvieron dormir (ou) durmió, durmieron morir (ou) murió, murieron ¡OJO! Stem changes in the preterite ONLY OCCUR IN THE él, ellos FORMS!

F. Spelling changes in the preterite (iy) Construir- to construct (construyó, construyeron) Creer- to believe (creyó, creyeron) Leer- to read (leyó, leyeron) Oír- to hear (oyó, oyeron)

III. Pronombres después de una preposición Except for mí and ti, prepositional pronouns are the same as subject pronouns. Pronombres Preposicionales Mí Nosotros(as) Ti Vosotros(as) Él, ella, Ud. Ellos, ellas, Uds. 2. With con, mí and ti become conmigo y contigo.

C. Él conmigo Ud. Ella

Capítulo 4 Por y para Imperfect Verbs like querer, creer in the past Preterite vs. imperfect

II. Por y Para Por Duration of time Along/through Because of / Reason In place of / On behalf of Per / in exchange for Stop by By means of (transportation) General location Expressions Para Deadline Recipient Destination Purpose In order to Comparison Opinion Considering the fact that Employer/Employee

A. Práctica Por- through, along Para- deadline Por- in exchange for Para – in order to Para- recipient Por- in place of/on behalf of Para (destination), por (duration of time) Por (through, along), por (duration of time) Por – stop by Por – by means of

III. Imperfect tense A. The imperfect tense is used to show ongoing or repeating action in the past with no definite beginning or end. It can be translated as was/were or used to. Example: Me reía = I laughed (more than once); I used to laugh; I was laughing B. Some expressions that clearly indicate use of the imperfect are: TRIGGER WORDS: a veces a menudo de vez en cuando mientras muchas veces cada día los viernes todos los días frecuentemente con frecuencia C. Los Usos: time date thoughts feelings characteristics age D. Most verbs are regular in the imperfect, except for ir, ser, and ver. There are no stem changes in the imperfect.

Dibujar = to draw Dibujaba dibujábamos Dibujabas dibujabais Dibujaba dibujaban tener = to have Tenía teníamos Tenías teníais Tenía tenían Ir = to go Iba íbamos Ibas ibais Iba iban Ser = to be Era éramos Eras erais Era eran Ver = to see Veía veíamos Veías veíais Veía veían

Práctica B. A. Veíamos Construía Veía Dibujaba Ibas Andaban Iban era A. Construía Dibujaba Andaban Trepábamos jugabas

IV. Verbs like querer, creer in the past Since most mental processes involve duration or continuance, verbs that deal with mental activities or conditions are most often expressed in the imperfect tense. The most common of these verbs are: Creer – to believe Desear – to desire, wish Querer- to want Tener ganas de + (infinitive) – to feel like doing something Sentir- to feel Pensar- to think Preferir- to prefer Poder- to be able to Saber- to know Gustar- to like

V. El Pretérito vs. El Imperfecto The preterite shows completed action in the past that has a definite beginning and end. Some expressions that clearly show that the preterite is needed are: one time = una vez b. one day = un día yesterday = ayer d. last night = anoche e. the day before yest. = anteayer f. last year = el año pasado g. on Friday = el viernes h. at two o’clock = a las dos i. three days ago = hace tres días j. on May 8th = el 8 de mayo

El imperfecto 3. The imperfect shows repeated or ongoing action in the past that has no definite beginning or end. 4. Some expressions that clearly show that the imperfect is needed are: a. sometimes = a veces b. everyday = todos los días c. each day = cada día d. often = a menudo e. always = siempre f. while = mientras g. on Tuesdays = los martes h. it was two o’clock = Eran las dos i. many times = muchas veces j. it was May 8th = era el 8 de mayo k. once in a while = de vez en cuando l. I was sad. = Estaba triste m. I was tall. = Era alto n. I was 10 years old. = Tenía 10 años

Cuando With the conjunction “cuando” both a verb in the preterite and a verb in the imperfect are generally used in the sentence. The interrupted activity (what someone was/were doing) is in the imperfect, and the interruption is in the preterite. Example: Yo enseñaba mi lección cuando Paco se durmió. I was teaching my lesson when Paco fell asleep.

Práctica - A Visité Íbamos Hizo Se casaron Compitió Llegué Almorzaba Fui Practicaban tuviste

B trabaja, contaba Empezaba, llegaron Conducía, vi Pensaba Asistieron Eran, despegó Salíamos Prestaba Vivías, tenías esquiábamos

Era Caminaba 11. fui Brillaba 12. estaba Estaba 13. Robó 14. Leía Seguía, vi tenía Traté Venía Corría Vi 11. fui 12. estaba 13. Robó 14. Leía 15. Seguí 16. Pude 17. Llamé 18. Esperé 19. llegaron