Uses of the subjunctive

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Uses of the subjunctive To need the subjunctive, your sentence must have 2 clauses: MAIN DEPENDENT CLAUSE que CLAUSE Ex: I hope that he does his homework.

One usually sees the subjunctive in the dependent (subordinate) clause of a sentence. The classic Spanish teacher way to teach this concept is the truck. The independent clause (the truck) is joined to the dependent clause (the trailer) by the word que (the hitch). If the independent clause conveys certainty, objectivity or fact, the dependent clause will be in the indicative mood. If the independent clause conveys potential events, hypothetical situations or subjectivity, the dependent clause will be in the subjunctive mood.

Indicative vs. Subjunctive: The Basics Dependent Clause Indicative (the regular present tense as we have used it so far) Certainty Belief Actual, objective fact. Yo sé que ella tiene mucho dinero. Independent Clause } Subjunctive (new stuff) Uncertainty , Doubt, Desire, Wishes, Emotions. Yo dudo que ella tenga mucho dinero. Espero que ella tenga mucho dinero. Es cierto … I’m certain… Espero… Dudo… I wish… I doubt… que

I suggest that we sleep late. yes My parents insisted that Stephen leave early. Stephen always arrives last. My sister called to ask that we set his alarm. Dad prefers that we all take separate cars. Mom does not like to drive. John recommends that Lisa take an umbrella. Janet is ready to go! yes no yes yes no yes no

David espera que la casa sea grande. yes Cristina y María hablan por teléfono. Mi hermana recomienda que vayamos todos. Yo prefiero quedarme en casa. Los niños se divierten en la playa. Mercedes insiste en que Antonio ayude con la comida. Me recomendaron el restaurante italiano de su barrio. Susana y Pedro esperan viajar a México el año que viene. no yes no no yes no no

Conjugating in The Subjunctive To conjugate verbs in the subjunctive: Start with the yo form Drop the –o Add the opposite ending: Just like most commands! -ar verbs -e -emos -es X -en -er/-ir verbs -a -amos -as X -an No –o ending at all!

Hablar- Hable, hables, hable, hablemos, hablen Comer- Coma, comas, coma, comamos, coman Escribir- Escriba, escribas, escriba, escribamos, escriban

For –car,-gar,-zar verbs: c qu toque, toques, toque, toquemos, toquéis, toquen g gu juegue, juegues, juegue, juguemos, juguéis, jueguen z c empiece, empieces, empiece, empecemos, empecéis, empiecen

Irregular verbs in the subjunctive (remember SIDES): Ser =to be Ir= to go Dar =to give Estar = to be Saber= to know

These verbs are irregular in all forms: ser: sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean ir: vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan dar: dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den estar: esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén saber: sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan haber (hay=there is/there are): haya

conducir (to ) yo conduzco conocer (to ) yo conozco Remember that some verbs have an irregular “yo” form. Here are some examples of these verbs with their indicative yo forms: caer (to ) yo caigo traer (to ) yo traigo conducir (to ) yo conduzco conocer (to ) yo conozco hacer (to ) yo hago poner (to ) yo pongo tener (to ) yo tengo salir (to ) yo salgo decir (to ) yo digo ver (to ) yo veo venir (to ) yo vengo fall bring drive know [a person] do/make put venir have go out say/tell watch/see come

Tener- Tenga, tengas, tenga,tengamos, tengan Venir- Venga, vengas, venga, vengamos, vengan

Es buena idea que todos (usar) _________el transporte público. Julia le sugiere a su hermana que (trabajar) _________ en la misma oficina con ella. Es buena idea que todos (usar) _________el transporte público. María y Briana esperan que sus amigos (poder) ir a la fiesta. Nosotros insistimos en que ustedes (practicar) ____________en la cancha ahora. Diana espera que su familia (volver) a casa para cenar juntos. Esteban insiste en que todos sus empleados (vestirse) con traje. Tomás prefiere que su mamá (lavar) la ropa. Espero que Nicolás y Ana (poder) viajar a Puerto Rico mañana. trabaje usen puedan practiquen vuelva se vistan lave puedan