Señorita Hittie Español III Pre-AP. Tense vs. Mood  Every verb has a tense and a mood  Tense = Time Past, Present and Future  Mood = Feelings Outside.

Presentación del tema: "Señorita Hittie Español III Pre-AP. Tense vs. Mood  Every verb has a tense and a mood  Tense = Time Past, Present and Future  Mood = Feelings Outside."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Señorita Hittie Español III Pre-AP

2 Tense vs. Mood  Every verb has a tense and a mood  Tense = Time Past, Present and Future  Mood = Feelings Outside of time All about context 3 Main Moods

3 Mood 1: Indicative  Just the facts  Like a teacher  The regular past, present, and future we have learned Christopher Columbus encontró América en 1492 Tenemos tarea esta noche Vamos a tener un examen el viernes

4 Mood 2: Imperative  Commands  Present Tense  Like a parent telling you what to do  Assume that it is going to happen ¡Haz la tarea! ¡Limpia la casa! ¡No vayas a la fiesta!

5 Mood 3: Subjunctive  The mood of doubt and uncertainty  Past, present*, or future  Like a bratty little sister Doesn’t believe in you Tells you what to do (doesn’t mean you’ll do it!) Always talking about her hopes and dreams No creo que vayas a aprobar el examen Sugiero que limpies mi cuarto Espero que Esteban salga conmigo

6 Forming the Subjunctive The formation of the subjunctive is exactly the same as the formation of commands! 1. Put the verb in the yo form Ex (Hablar – want tú form): hablo 2. Drop the –o habl- 3. Add the opposite ending hables

7 What are the “opposite endings?” AR VerbsER/IR Verbs  Yo – a  Tú – as  Él/Ella/Ud. – a  Nosotros – amos  Ellos/Ellas/Uds – an  Yo – e  Tú – es  Él/Ella/Ud. – e  Nosotros – emos  Ellos/Ellas/Uds – en

8 Irregulars – From “yo” form Stem Changers Nosotros  e  ie Mentir – mienta, mientas Pensar – piense, pienses  e  i Pedir – pida, pidas, pidan  o  ue Dormir – duerma, duermas Contar – cuente, cuentes Resolver – resuelva  u  ue Jugar – juegue, juegues  AR & ER: Back to normal stem Pensar – pensemos Contar – contemos Resolver – resolvamos  IR: e  i Mentir – mintamos Pedir – pidamos o  u Dormir - durmamos

9 Irregulars – From “yo” form Yo-Go’sG-J’s  Hacer – haga, hagamos  Tener – tenga, tengamos  Decir – diga, digas  Poner – ponga, pongas  Salir – salga, salgamos  Traer – traiga, traigamos  Caer – caiga, caigamos  Venir – venga  GER/GIR verbs  Escoger – escoja  Fingir – finja, finjamos  Proteger – proteja  Recoger – recoja

10 Irregulars – From “yo” form “Snow Cones” Z-C’s GU-G  CER/CIR verbs  Conocer – conozca  Obedecer – obedezca  Ofrecer – ofrezca  Vencer – venza  GUIR verbs  Seguir – siga, sigamos  Conseguir – consiga  Extinguir – extinga  Distinguir – distinga

11 Irregulars – From “yo” form Added “y”Accented í or ú  UIR Verbs  Add “y” in all 5 forms  Construir – construya  Destruir – destruya  Excluir – excluya  Huir – huya, huyamos  Incluir – incluya  IAR and UAR verbs  Accent in all forms except nosotros  Confiar – confíe, confiemos  Desconfiar – desconfíe  Enviar – envíe, enviemos  Esquiar – esquíe, esquiemos  Actuar – actúe, actuemos  Continuar - continúe

12 Irregulars – CAR, GAR, & ZAR  Spell Change in all 5 forms to prevent pronunciation problems  CAR: ce  que Practicar: practique, practiques, practique, practiquemos, practiquen  GAR: ge  gue Jugar: juegue, juegues, juegue, juguemos, jueguen  ZAR: ze  ce Empezar: empiece, empieces, empiece, empecemos, empiecen

13 True Irregulars  Dar dé, des, dé, demos, den  Estar esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén  Ir vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan Use ir + a + infinitive for the future  Saber sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan  Ser sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean  Haber haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayan Use with past participle for present perfect formation

14 What about pronouns?  Here’s one place our conjugation differs from commands.  You MUST put your pronouns (reflexive, reciprocal, direct object, indirect object) BEFORE the conjugated subjunctive verb.

15 What does it all mean?  English does not have a different conjugation for the subjunctive mood. voy = I go vaya = I go  The difference is subtle, so we have to think about when we need indicative or subjunctive… voy = I go (for sure) vaya = I go (maybe, hopefully, doubtfully, please)

16 Context  To use the subjunctive, first you have to indicate that there is a need for it.  You need to express that there is doubt, uncertainty, hope, or a suggestion.  We express these things through various expressions (see vocab), and use the indicative for this conjugation. I definitely doubt, hope for, or am suggesting  After that, we use the subjunctive for what it is that we are doubting, hoping, or suggesting  The word “que” acts as a bridge between the indicative and the subjunctive. It allows for a change of mood and a change in subject.

17 Examples