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Publicada porManolito Caram Modificado hace 10 años
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Los Participios Pasados Estar + el participio pasado
Realidades 3 Capítulo 2 A Los Participios Pasados Estar + el participio pasado la página 79
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To form the past participle of regular verbs…
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drop the –AR of the –AR infinitive and add –ADO. habl asust decor ar
(spoken) ar asust ado (frightened) ar decor ado (decorated)
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drop the –ER of the –ER infinitive and add –IDO. conoc aprend perd er
(known) er aprend ido (learned) er perd ido (lost, wasted)
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drop the –IR of the –IR infinitive and add –IDO. prefer dorm ir prefer
(preferred) ir dorm ido (slept, asleep) ir ido (gone)
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Expresa el participio pasado de estos verbos regulares.
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tocar tocado (played, touched)
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cantar cantado (sung)
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dar dado (given)
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ensayar ensayado (rehearsed)
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practicar practicado (practiced)
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sentar sentado (seated)
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entrenar entrenado (trained)
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alcanzar alcanzado (reached)
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eliminar eliminado (eliminated)
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impresionar impresionado (impressed)
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apagar apagado (turned off)
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animar animado (excited)
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preocupar preocupado (worried, preoccupied)
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ocupar ocupado (busy, occupied)
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cerrar cerrado (closed)
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pasar pasado (past)
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comer comido (eaten)
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suceder sucedido (happened)
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aparecer aparecido (appeared)
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tener tenido (had)
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obtener obtenido (obtained, gotten)
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encender encendido (turned on;lit)
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torcer torcido (twisted, sprained)
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vencer vencido (beaten)
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poder podido (been able)
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salir salido (left, gone out, come out)
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influir influido (influenced)
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destruir destruido (destroyed)
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aplaudir aplaudido (applauded)
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pedir pedido (asked for, requested)
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servir servido (served)
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vestir vestido (dressed)
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aburrir aburrido (estar aburrido = to be bored;
ser aburrido = to be boring)
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seguir seguido (followed;continued)
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ir ido (gone)
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Irregular Past Participles
Unfortunately, these must be memorized.
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abrir abierto (open, opened)
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poner puesto (put, placed, set)
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hacer hecho (done, made)
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romper roto (broken)
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decir dicho (said, told)
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ver visto (seen)
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volver vuelto (returned (to a place))
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devolver devuelto (returned (an item))
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resolver resuelto (resolved, solved)
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morir muerto (died, dead)
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escribir escrito (written)
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inscribir inscrito (registered, signed up)
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descubrir descubierto (discovered)
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Often past participles are used as adjectives.
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Remember that adjectives modify nouns…
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…and must agree in 1. gender and 2. number with the noun.
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These adjectives are highly descriptive, and are placed after the modified noun.
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una puerta abierta an open (ed) door
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unas tareas escritas some written assignments
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el libro preferido the preferred (favorite) book
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los niños animados the excited children
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¡A ti te toca! Your turn! Expresa en español lo siguiente…
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a decorated room un cuarto decorado
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the solved problem el problema resuelto
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the past week la semana pasada
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the written assignment
la tarea escrita
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the broken pottery la cerámica rota
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an inspired work una obra inspirada
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some seated students unos estudiantes sentados
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The past participle is often used with
estar to describe conditions that are the result of a previous action, temporary condition, location or emotional state. The past participle agrees with the subject in 1. gender and 2. number.
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The painter is seated. El pintor está sentado. The walls are painted.
modelos: The painter is seated. El pintor está sentado. The walls are painted. Las paredes están pintadas.
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Expresa en español: The problem is solved. El problema está resuelto.
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The problem was solved. El problema estaba resuelto.
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The store is open. La tienda está abierta.
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The store is closed. La tienda está cerrada.
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The statues are broken. Las estatuas están rotas.
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Everyone is bored. Todos están aburridos.
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The lights were turned on.
Las luces estaban encendidas.
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The lights were turned off.
Las luces estaban apagadas.
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The room is decorated. El cuarto está decorado.
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The students were asleep.
Los estudiantes estaban dormidos.
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The gifts were hidden. Los regalos estaban escondidos.
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The money was lost. El dinero estaba perdido.
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I was busy. Estaba ocupado (a).
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We were worried. Estábamos preocupados (as).
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