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Español III Unidad 1, Etapa 1 Presente Perfecto
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¿Qué es el presente perfecto? The present perfect is formed by combining a helping verb (have or has) with the past participle
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Por ejemplo… For example: For example: I have played tennis. I have played tennis. She has sung at weddings. She has sung at weddings. We have flown in a plane. We have flown in a plane.
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Para formar en español In Spanish we form the present participle by combining the present tense of the verb haber (the helping verb, or el verbo auxiliar) with a past participle In Spanish we form the present participle by combining the present tense of the verb haber (the helping verb, or el verbo auxiliar) with a past participle For example: For example: Yo he bailado. Yo he bailado. I have danced. Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen. Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen. We havent studied for the test.
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The present tense of haber hehemos hashabéis hahan
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Remember… How to form the past participle: For –ar verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ado For –ar verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ado Example: comprar comprado For –er and –ir verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ido For –er and –ir verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ido Example: tener tenido
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Para formar… Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar: he estudiado hemos estudiado has estudiado habéis estudiado ha estudiado han estudiado
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Para formar… As you can see I have combined the present forms of haber (the helping verbs) hehemos hashabéis hahan
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…with the past participle of estudiar hehemos hashabéis hahan estudiado estudiado
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Now you try… he ________ hemos _______ has ________ habéis ________ ha ________ han ________ On a sheet of paper, see if you can figure out the present perfect forms for the verb hablar:
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he hablado hemos hablado has hablado habéis hablado ha hablado han hablado Is this what you came up with?
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Lets try another… Now see if you can form the present perfect forms of the verb tomar: __ ________ ____ _______ _____ ________ __ ________ ___ ________
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Is this what you got? he tomado hemos tomado has tomado habéis tomado ha tomado han tomado
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Now lets try an –er verb See if you can come up with the present perfect forms for comer: __ ______ _____ ______ ___ ______ ______ ______ __ ______ ___ ______
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Is this what you came up with? he comido hemos comido has comido habéis comido ha comido han comido
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Lets try another one…see if you can come up with the present perfect tense of ir: __ ___ _____ ___ ___ ___ ______ ___ __ ___ ___ ______
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Is this what you came up with? he ido hemos ido has ido habéis ido ha ido han ido
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Many of you may have assumed that ir had an irregular past participle. Afterall, it does have an irregular present participle. But ir is actually regular in this tense. Here are some verbs that are irregular in the past participle:
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Not exactly irregular but… -er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending in –ído caer caídocreer creído leer leídooír oído reír reídotraer traído
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Irregulars The following verbs have irregular past participles ending in –to: abrir abiertocubrir cubierto descubrir descubiertoescribir escrito morir muertoponer puesto romper rotover visto volver vuelto volver vuelto
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More irregulars These verbs have irregular past participles ending in –cho: decir dicho hacer hecho
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¡Practicamos! See if you can form the correct present perfect using the subject and verb given. Modelo: yo / decidir He decidido 1.ella / abrir Ha abierto 2.Marta y yo / tocar Hemos tocado 3.Gonzalo / crecer Ha crecido
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4.Tú y tus amigos / reír Han reído ó habéis reído 5.Mis padres / hacer Han hecho 6.Tus abuelos / cubrir Han cubierto 7.Rogelio y Ramón / escribir Han escrito
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