Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–1 The infinitive (el infinitivo) is commonly used after other conjugated verbs, especially.

Presentación del tema: "Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–1 The infinitive (el infinitivo) is commonly used after other conjugated verbs, especially."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–1 The infinitive (el infinitivo) is commonly used after other conjugated verbs, especially when there is no change of subject. Deber, decidir, desear, necesitar, pensar, poder, preferir, querer, and saber are all frequently followed by infinitives. Después de tres décadas de guerra, el rey decidió rendirse. Preferimos no viajar a esa región durante este período de inestabilidad. After three decades of war, the king decided to surrender. We prefer not to travel to that region during this period of instability.

2 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–2 When the person or thing performing an action changes, the second verb is usually conjugated as part of a subordinate clause. Verbs of perception, however, such as escuchar, mirar, oír, sentir, and ver, are followed by the infinitive. Te oigo hablar, ¡pero no entiendo nada! Si la ven salir, avísenme enseguida, por favor. I hear you speak, but I dont understand anything! If you see her leave, please let me know immediately!

3 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–3 An infinitive is the unconjugated form of a verb and ends in –ar, –er, or –ir.

4 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–4 The gerund form may also be used after verbs of perception. Te escuché hablando con él. I heard you talking to him.

5 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–5 Many verbs of influence, such as dejar, hacer, mandar, pedir, permitir, and prohibir, may also be followed by the infinitive. Often, an indirect object pronoun is used to show who is affected by the action. La profesora nos hizo leer artículos sobre la conquista. El comité me ha dejado continuar con las investigaciones. The teacher made us read articles about the conquest. The committee has allowed me to continue with my research.

6 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–6 The infinitive may be used with impersonal expressions, such as es importante, es fácil, and es bueno. It is required after hay que and tener que. Es importante celebrar nuestra herencia cultural. Hay que hacer todo lo posible para lograr una solución pacífica. Its important to celebrate our cultural heritage. Everything possible must be done to find a peaceful solution.

7 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–7 After prepositions, the infinitive is used. Se cree que las estatuas fueron construidas para proteger al templo. El arqueólogo las miró con cuidado, sin decir nada. It is believed that the statues were built in order to protect the temple. The archeologist looked at them carefully, without saying a word.

8 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–8 Many Spanish verbs follow the pattern of [conjugated verb] + [preposition] + [infinitive]. The prepositions for this pattern are de, a, or en.

9 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–9 Acabo de hablar con el profesor López. Su computadora tarda en encenderse. I have just spoken with Professor López. His computer takes a while to start up. Trato de estudiar todos los días. Quedamos en hacerlo. I try to study every day.We agreed to do it.

10 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–10 While deber + [infinitive] suggests obligation, deber + de + [infinitive] suggests probability. El pueblo debe de saber la verdad.El pueblo debe saber la verdad. Surely, the people must know the truth.The people need to know the truth.

11 Copyright © 2009 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved. 12.1–11 In Spanish, unlike in English, the gerund form of a verb (talking, working, etc.) may not be used as a noun or in giving instructions. The infinitive form is used instead. Ver es creer.No fumar.El arte de mirar. Seeing is believing.No smoking.The art of seeing.