Gramática 7.1 Reflexive Verbs Using Infinitives Stem-changing Verbs

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1 Gramática 7.1 Reflexive Verbs Using Infinitives Stem-changing Verbs
el 6 de mayo

2 Notes You will copy the following notes on page 159 of your INB.
The title for this section is: Reflexive Verbs If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

3 This is true for ALL verbs!
Verb Conjugation A verb is an action word. Infinitives are unconjugated verbs Infinitives in Spanish always end in –ar, -er, or –ir Conjugation is how you change a verb to use it with a subject. There are specific ways to conjugate based on the subject pronouns. Example: This is true for ALL verbs! Yo soy somos Tú eres sois Usted es Él es Ella es Ustedes son Ellos son Ellas son

4 Regular Verbs A “regular” verb is one that…
…follows standard rules when you conjugate it. To conjugate regular verbs: Drop the ending. (-ar, -er, or –ir) Add a new ending depending on who the subject is. (there are different endings for –ar, –er, and –ir verbs) habl ar com er This is called the “stem” of the verb escrib ir ¡Me gusta la clase de español!

5 To conjugate regular verbs:
Drop the –ar, -er, or -ir Add one of these: -ar -o -amos -as -áis -a -an yo tú usted, él, ella ustedes, ellos, ellas -er -o -emos -es -éis -e -en yo tú usted, él, ella ustedes, ellos, ellas -ir -o -imos -es -ís -e -en yo tú usted, él, ella ustedes, ellos, ellas

6 Verbs with Irregular Yo Forms
hacer (to do, to make) hacemos haces hacéis hace hacen hago Hacer, traer, salir, and poner are called go verbs because you add –go to the stem to make the yo form! traer (to bring) traemos traes Traéis trae traen traigo saber (to know information) sabemos sabes Sabéis sabe saben salir (to go out) salimos sales salís sale salen sé salgo ver (to watch/to see) vemos ves véis ve ven poner (to put) ponemos pones ponéis pone ponen veo pongo

7 Stem-Changing Verbs In Stem-Changing Verbs, there is a of spelling in the stem when you conjugate it in all forms except _____. The -to-last vowel changes in this type of verb, and it changes this way: O → ___ E → _ E → _ How do you remember stem changers? change & second ue ie i

8 New Type of Verbs: Reflexive Verbs
lavarse despertarse bañarse lavarse los dientes levantarse secarse afeitarse maquillarse peinarse vestirse ponerse quitarse acostarse

9 I am washing my hands. 159 Reflexive Verbs! When the doer and the receiver of an action are the same person, you use a reflexive verb. Example: I wash my hands.  Reflexive actions are the ones that could include “oneself” or “own” in their meaning and it would make sense: He bathes himself. She washes her own hands. You can tell a verb is reflexive because the infinitive has –se on the end. The person has to be affected (their actual body), not just something that belongs to them. Reflexive NOT Reflexive He bathes his dog. She washes the dishes.

10 You HAVE TO use one of these with reflexive verbs!
159 Reflexive Verbs! Reflexive verbs use their own special kind of pronouns, reflexive pronouns. These can replace or be used with subject pronouns. Either way, you have to use the reflexive pronoun with a reflexive verb. You HAVE TO use one of these with reflexive verbs! me nos te os se Me lavo las manos. lavarse (to wash oneself) me lavo nos lavamos te lavas os laváis se lava se lavan lavarse (to wash oneself) Yo me lavo nos lavamos Tú te lavas os laváis Usted se lava Él se lava Ella se lava Ustedes se lavan Ellos se lavan Ellas se lavan

11 Reflexive Verbs: How to conjugate
159 Drop “-se” & choose the pronoun (based on the subject) Conjugate the verb (based on the subject) Drop the –ar, -er, or –ir Add your ending depending on who the subject is Put the pronoun before the verb Yo Me Nos Tú Te Os Él/Ella/Usted Se Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes -ar verbs -er verbs -ir verbs -o -amos -as -áis -a -an -o -emos -es -éis -e -en -o -imos -es -ís -e -en I want to say “I bathe” in Spanish. me bañ ar o se

12 Reflex your verby! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KATBgZ5oyIg

13 Reflexive Verbs Practice
158 Reflexive Verbs Practice Conjugate the verb in parenthesis for each blank. Copy the entire sentence and fill in the blank! Juan (afeitarse) por la mañana. Ustedes (peinarse) para el baile. Maribel y yo (maquillarse) cada mañana. Yo (secarse) el pelo. Tú (bañarse) por la noche. Rosa y Juan (despertarse) por la tarde. Usted (acostarse) temprano.

14 Notes You will copy the following notes on page 161 of your INB.
The title for this section is: Using Infinitves If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

15 Reflexive Verbs 161 Where can reflexive pronouns go?! before a conjugated verb Me lavo las manos. Me voy a lavar las manos. If you use a reflexive verb as an infinitive in your sentence, you can: leave the pronoun attached to the end, BUT… YOU STILL HAVE TO CHANGE IT! Voy a lavarme las manos.

16 Reflexive Verbs 161 NOTE: After reflexive verbs, use el, la, los, or las with parts of the body or clothing. –NOT mi/mis! (Yo) Me voy a lavar la cara. I’m going to wash my face. (Yo) Voy a lavarme la cara. I’m going to wash my face.

17 Juan se afeita por la mañana. Juan va a por la mañana.
160 Juan se afeita por la mañana. Juan va a por la mañana. Ustedes se preparan para el baile. Ustedes van a para el baile. Maribel y yo nos maquillamos cada mañana. Maribel y yo vamos a cada mañana. Yo me seco el pelo. Yo voy a el pelo. Tú te bañas por la noche. Tú vas a por la noche. Rosa y Juan se relajan por la tarde. Rosa y Juan van a por la tarde. Usted se acuesta temprano. Usted va a temprano.

18 Notes You will copy the following notes on page 163 of your INB.
The title for this section is: Stem-changing Verbs If you run out of room, get a loose leaf-paper and continue your notes there.

19 Reflexive Verbs 163 If the actual verb (the part that is left after you drop the -se) is irregular in any way, you still follow those rules: despertarse (ie) Te despiertas a las ocho. You wake up at eight. acostarse (ue) Ella se acuesta temprano. She goes to bed early. ponerse (irregular yo form) Me pongo los zapatos. I put on my shoes. mantenerse (ie stem changer, irregular yo form) Me mantengo en forma. I stay in shape.

20 163 Reflexive Verbs Some reflexive verbs can also be used as a non-reflexive verb, but the meaning changes a little because the object (the receiver of the action) is different: Juan acuesta a los niños. Juan puts the children to bed. Juan se acuesta. Juan goes to bed.

21 Reflexive Verbs Practice
162 Reflexive Verbs Practice Use 10 reflexive verbs to describe your daily activities.