The Present Subjunctive

Presentación del tema: "The Present Subjunctive"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 The Present Subjunctive

2 The Subjunctive Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood (present tense), which is used to talk about facts or actual events. (yo)hablo, (tú) comes, (ud.) vive

3 The Subjunctive Aprendo francés para mi viaje.
I learn French for my trip. Comes paella en España. You eat paella en Spain

4 The Subjunctive Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood. We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.

5 The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que. For example:

6 The Subjunctive I want you to breathe slowly.
Quiero que tú respires lentamente. (respirar, a-e) I want you to breathe slowly.

7 The Subjunctive Sugiero que bebas agua antes de correr. (beber, e-a)
I suggest that you drink water before running.

8 The Subjunctive El entrenador exige que los atletas estiren (estirar, a-e) los músculos. The trainer demands that the athletes stretch their muscles.

9 The Subjunctive You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as es necesario…es bueno…and es importante…, followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive.

10 The Subjunctive Es necesario que hagas (hacer) ejercicio.
It’s necessary that you do exercise. Es importante que los jóvenes coman (comer) bien. It’s important that the young people eat well.

11 2 Clauses Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Subjunctive Verb Indicative Verb

12 The Subjunctive The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

13 The Subjunctive Quiero que uds. estudien. I want for you all to study.
Verbs that are often followed by que + subjunctive: Decir (to tell) Insistir en (to insist) Necesitar (to need) Permitir (to permit) Preferir (e > ie) (to prefer) Quiero que uds. estudien. I want for you all to study. Prohibir (to prohibit) Querer (e > ie) (to want) Recomendar (e > ie) (to recommend) Sugerir (e > ie) (to suggest)

14 The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: (ex; hable)
hable, hables, hable, hablemos, habléis, hablen For -er/-ir verbs: (ex; beba) beba, bebas, beba, bebamos, bebáis, beban

15 SALTAR – to jump salte saltes saltemos saltéis salten

16 comer – to eat coma comas comamos comáis coman

17 CONOCER – to know or meet someone
conozca conozcas conozcamos conozcáis conozcan

18 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive. Hacer – haga Salir – salga Poner – ponga Traer - traiga Tener – tenga Venir - venga

19 DECIR – to say/tell Diga Digas Digamos Digáis Digan

20 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
Caerse - (se) caiga Ser – sea Saber – sepa Ir - vaya Haber – haya Dar – dé Ver – vea

21 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga tener teng-o tenga

22 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound. buscar busco busque pagar pago pague cruzar cruzo cruce

23 hablo dices hacemos ponen salgo tenemos traen bebe vives
Let’s Practice the Subjunctive! Change the following verbs into the subjunctive: hablo dices hacemos ponen salgo tenemos traen bebe vives

24 Let’s Practice the Subjunctive
Let’s Practice the Subjunctive! Change the following verbs into the subjunctive: Hablo - hable Dices - digas Hacemos - hagamos Ponen - pongan Salgo - salga Tenemos - tengamos Traen - traigan Bebe - beba Vives - vivas