AFFIRMATIVE FORMAL COMMANDS Also plural commands.

Presentación del tema: "AFFIRMATIVE FORMAL COMMANDS Also plural commands."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 AFFIRMATIVE FORMAL COMMANDS Also plural commands

2 STEPS FOR SUCCESS!  1. To form an affirmative formal command, Substitute the –o of the present tense yo form of a verb with an –e for –ar verbs OR with an –a for –er and –ir verbs.  2. To make the plural (Uds.) command by adding the letter –n to the singular formal command.  Verbs with changes in their stem in the present tense usually have the same change in the formal command.

3 NOTE  Like tú in singular informal commands, usted (Ud) or ustedes(Uds) are usually omitted from the formal/plural commands.  Remember? ¡Hable español! The “tú” is not written out.

4 infinitiveYo formstemSingular formal command Plural commands HablarHabloHabl-Hable Ud.Hablen Uds. ComerComoCom-Coma Ud.Coman Uds. EscribirEscriboEscrib-Escriba Ud.Escriban Uds. CerrarCierroCierr-Cierre Ud.Cierren Uds. VolverVuelvoVuelv-Vuelva Ud.Vuelvan Uds. SeguirSigoSig-Siga Ud.Sigan Uds.

5 TRANSLATE  Look at the blackboard  Mire Ud. (Miren Uds.) la pizzara.  Read the book.  Lea Ud. (Lean Uds.) el libro.  Close the window  Cierre Ud. (Cierren Uds) la ventana.

6 BUMMER…IRREGULARS!  Muy triste…sigh  A few verbs have irregular FORMAL and PLURAL commands.

7 IRREGULAR FORMAL AND PLURAL COMMANDS infinitiveUd. commandUds. command DarDé Ud.Den Uds. EstarEsté Ud.Estén Uds. IrVaya Ud.Vayan Uds. SaberSepa Ud.Sepan Uds. SerSea Ud.Sean Uds.

8 REMEMBER OBJECT AND REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS?  In our informal affirmative commands They (Object pronouns and reflexive pronouns) are attached to the affirmative formal commands. Accent marks come into play to maintain the original emphasis on the words.  Dígame Ud. (Tell me)  Escríbanlas Uds. (write them)  Levántense Uds. (stand up)

9 A CULTURAL NOTE:  Direct commands may be considered rude…so be careful!  For this reason, por favor is frequently added to soften them.

10 NOSOTROS COMMANDS

11  This form allows you to suggest that others do some activity with you and it is equivalent to “let’s (do something)” in English.  It is formed by substituting the –o of the present tense yo form of a verb with an –emos for MOST –ar verbs, or –amos for MOST –er and –ir verbs.

12 SOME NOTES…  Stem changing –ar and –er verbs DO NOT REQUIRE a stem change in the nosotros/nosotras command.  Stem changing –ir verbs REQUIRE a stem change.  IRREGULAR…The affirmative nosotros/nostras command for the verb ir is Vamos (let’s go)

13 NOSOTROS COMMANDS infinitiveYo formNosotros command HablarHabloHablemos… ComerComoComamos… EscribirEscriboEscribamos… Cerrar (ie)CierroCerremos… Volver (ue)VuelvoVolvamos… Divertir (ie,i)DiviertoDivirtamos…

14 WHAT ABOUT PRONOUNS?  Attached to the end!  Do you see a trend? All of the affirmative have the pronouns attached to the command, right?  To remember the order for the pronouns…recall the name of the song!

15 PRONOUN ORDER  Dí me lo (Verb) (indirect object pronoun) (direct object pronoun)