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La formula 123 Subject #1 (indicative verb) que This is the conjunction necessary to introduce the subjunctive clause Subject #2 + verb in the subjunctive (Must have a different subject from subject #1)
Como formar el subjuntivo 1. Go to the yo. Make sure to include any stem-changes or yo-go verbs. 2. Drop the –o. 3. Add the opposite vowel. -ar verbs will use e -er/-ir verbs will a
Subjunctive endings -ar verbs yo-enosotros/as-emos tú -es vosotros/as -éis él ella Ud. -e ellos ellas Uds. -en
Subjunctive endings -er/-ir verbs yo-anosotros/as-amos tú -as vosotros/as -áis él ella Ud. -a ellos ellas Uds. -an
Dar and estar are technically regular verbs but they take accents. Estar takes accents on all forms but the nosotros Dar takes accents on the yo and the él/ella/Ud form
Irregulars Ir yovayanosotros/asvayamos tú vayas vosotros/as vayais él ella Ud. vaya ellos ellas Uds. vayan
Irregulars saber yosepanosotros/assepamos tú sepas vosotros/as sepais él ella Ud. sepa ellos ellas Uds. sepan
Irregulars ser yoseanosotros/asseamos tú seas vosotros/as seais él ella Ud. sea ellos ellas Uds. sean
Irregulars haber yohayanosotros/ashayamos tú hayas vosotros/as hayais él ella Ud. haya ellos ellas Uds. hayan
Spelling Changes -ar verbs with spelling changes -car -que -gar -gue -zar -ce
Spelling Changes -er/ir verbs with spelling changes -ger / -gir -ja -guir -ja -cer -zca
Los usos del subjuntivo Uso N o 1: Nonexistent Uso N o 2: Recommendations Uso n o 3: Will, wish, hope Uso n o 4: Doubt, denial Uso n o 5: Emotions Uso n o 6: Judgment (Sometimes called impersonal)
Special words Special word: Ojalá que… To hope that Never has a subject for ojalá Derives from Arabic: Oh, allah… Quizás – perhaps, maybe Quizás Sr. Miga reciba mil dólares hoy. Tal vez – maybe, perhaps Tal vez llueva las albóndigas.
Indicative versus Subjunctive The indicative is used to express what is objectively known or believed to be true. In other words, lots of people believe it is the truth. The subjunctive is subjective and deals with the realm of internal perceptions.
Ways to Remember UUnknown WWishes, wants EEmotions IImpersonal expressions RRecommendations DDoubt, denial OOjalá
Ways to Remember WWishes, wants EEmotions DDoubts DDemands IImpersonal expressions NNegation GGod grant