CMS Masterclass 2014 Ejercicio práctico. Looking for the mediators of the weak interaction: electrically charged W + boson, the negative W - boson, the.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

CMS Masterclass 2014 Ejercicio práctico

Looking for the mediators of the weak interaction: electrically charged W + boson, the negative W - boson, the neutral Z boson. W and Z Particles

The W bosons are responsible for radioactivity by transforming a proton into a neutron, or the reverse. Z bosons are similarly exchanged but do not change electric charge. Collisions of sufficient energy can create W and Z or other particles. W and Z Particles

The W bosons are responsible for radioactivity by transforming a proton into a neutron, or the reverse. Z bosons are similarly exchanged but do not change electric charge. Collisions of sufficient energy can create W and Z or other particles. W and Z Particles

W and Z travel only a tiny distance before decaying, so CMS does not “see” W or Z bosons directly. CMS can detect electrons muons CMS can infer neutrinos from “missing energy” W and Z Decays

CMS detector

iSpy-online

Use new data from the LHC in iSpy to test CMS performance. Can we distinguish W from Z candidates? The Task

Background Events Often, quarks are scattered by proton collisions. As they separate, the binding energy between them converts to sprays of new particles called jets. Electrons and muons may be included in jets. Software can filter out events with jets beyond our current interest.

Can we calculate the e/  ratio? The Task

Can we calculate a W+/W- ratio for CMS? The Task F = q·(v  B)=mv 2 /  mv = p = q B 

Can we make mass plot of Z candidates? The Task

Reconstrucción del bosón Z pp pp Q(  + ) = +1 Q(   ) =  1 Q(Z)= 0 p Z = p  + + p  - E Z = E  + + E  - Leyes de conservación de la energía y el momento lineal: oLa suma de los momentos de las partículas finales es igual al momento de la partícula inicial oLa suma de las energías de las partículas finales es igual a la energía de la partícula inicial Z

Mecánica relativista Mecánica clásica (I. Newton) Mecánica relativista (A. Einstein) Momento: p = m  v Energía: E = ½ m  v 2 Momento: p = m  v / (1-  2 ) ½  = v/c Energía: E = [p 2 c 2 +m 2 c 4 ] ½ Energía y mas son equivalentes m Z = (E 2 Z  p 2 Z c 2 ) ½ / c 2

Can we find rarer ZZ events? Z  e+e- Z   +  - ZZ  e+e-e+e-  +  -  +  - e+e-  +  - Can we pick out electrons and/or muons? Today’s Task

Recording Event Data

Try Real Events

18 Desintegracion de partículas inestables La desintegración de partículas sigue una ley exponencial El ritmo de desintegración depende del mecanismo que produce la desintegración (fuerte o débil)  1 /  N(t) = N 0 exp (  t/  )

19 Anchura de la distribución de masa Debido al principio de incertidumbre de Heisenberg, cualquier partícula con un tiempo de desintegración finito tiene una distribución de masa con anchura ∆t ∆E ~ h La “anchura natural” es proporcional al número de posibilidades de desintegración de una partícula, e inversamente proporcional a la vida media – La anchura natural del bosón Z es 2.5 GeV La anchura medida está afectada por la resolución finita con la que medimos el momento de las partículas

CMS dilepton mass spectrum

CMS four-lepton mass spectrum

ZZ--> 2e 2mu event