EL BABLE Alba Cortés Bellido. ¿QUÉ ES EL BABLE? En Asturias, bable o asturiano o lengua asturiana son términos sinónimos con que se alude al romance autóctono.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

EL BABLE Alba Cortés Bellido

¿QUÉ ES EL BABLE? En Asturias, bable o asturiano o lengua asturiana son términos sinónimos con que se alude al romance autóctono hablado en el territorio situado geográficamente entre los dominios lingüísticos gallego y castellano.

Su extensión abarcaba, además de Asturias, Santander, provincias de León, Zamora, Salamanca y de la región extremeña. Actualmente es muy reducida.

Memorias Históricas del Principado de Asturias de Carlos González de Posada, puede ser considerada la primera constatación de bable. «Oficina de Política Lingüística»: Creación de un organismo que permitiera en todo momento un control adecuado de la situación; creciente implantación, escolarización… LA POLÍTICA LINGÜÍSTICA

PRESTIGIO El Bable goza de protección, sin llegar a estar reconocida como oficial por el Gobierno de Asturias. Existen varias asociaciones que apoyan la oficialidad de la lengua y realizan extendidas campañas en favor de la misma.

HISTORIA El nombre de Bable, no es una designación popular, puesto que en las encuestas que se hicieron antes de la Guerra Civil Española, con motivo de la elaboración del "Atlas Lingüístico de la Península Ibérica”, a la pregunta relativa al nombre del habla local, la respuesta fue sistemáticamente "asturianu" y no "bable".

Parece evidente que el término más adecuado para referirse a la situación actual en el territorio administrativo del Principado de Asturias es el de "lengua asturiana" o "asturiano", mientras que se reserva el ya acuñado de "asturleonés" para aludir a la lengua en su extensión global actual e histórica.

PALABRAS EN BABLE Afayar: Encontrar. Güei: Hoy. Lain : Astuto. Onde : Donde. Perres: Dinero. Seronda : Otoño. Agalbanau: Perezoso. Calecer: Calentar. Chisqueru : Mechero. Diañu : Diablo. Esgayar: Romper.

BIBLIOGRAFÍA abl.htm abl.htm nforme_sobre_la_llingua_asturiana.pdf nforme_sobre_la_llingua_asturiana.pdf no no

Phonological identity Different phonemes  Vowel system virtually identical substitution of “e” with “i” Substitution of final “o” with “u” in masculine singular eg: friu, suciu  Diphthongation Retains the “ie” diphthong Retains the “wa” and “we” diphthong

Minor differences in the consonants “ch” as an independent letter “x” has the “ch” and “sh” sound f” for “h” – castillian substitution did not take place No “h” sound at all, replaced by the letter “j” – not indigenous to bable No “j” sound replaced by “x” No “k” or “w” Accentuation within words becomes flexible – especially in speech Loss of the esdrujula

Morphological identity Prefixes  “des” from “dis” and “es” from “ex” - merge into general “es” eg:- escansar, esperdicar, escuidar, estajo  “tres” instead of “tras” or “trans” or “ante” eg:- tresplantar, tresantayir (anteayer), trespasar  Fusion between definite articles and following word

Adjectives  Neutral, masculin and feminin endings eg: negru, negra, negro Personal pronouns  Lu, la, lo (3 rd pers. Sing.)  Mos (1 st pers. Plur.)  Bos (2 nd pers. Plur.)  Los, les (3 rd pers. Plur) Demonstrative pronouns  Esti, esi, akeli (masc. Sing)  Estes, eses, akeles (fem. Plur)

Syntactic identity  The verb comes before the personal pronoun Eg:- doibos – os doy, -dixomelo – me lo dijo  No use of the auxiliar verb “a”  No simple future tense – compound with “dir” (ir – not meaning movement)  Use of the neutral for nouns of indefinite quantity

Dialectos

Prestigio La lengua aragonesa no ha gozado, a lo largo de su historia, del prestigio literario con el que cuentan las otras lenguas romances de la Península Ibérica Las Glosas Emilianenes (s. X) son el primer testimonio escrito de la lengua aragonesa. En los siglos XII y XIII el aragonés comenzará a tener mayor presencia en los documentos escritos: Liber Regum Ya en el siglo XIV, despunta la personalidad de Juan Fernández de Heredia A partir del siglo XV, con la entrada de dinastías castellanas en Aragón, la lengua aragonesa sufrirá un progresivo desprestigio social

Los siglos XIX y XX verán un cierto renacer de la literatura aragonesa Los años posteriores a la dictadura suponen una revitalización de la literatura aragonesa, que ahora persigue un modelo más estandarizado o supradialectal. Este idioma está considerado por el Atlas Interactivo UNESCO de las Lenguas en Peligro en el Mundo como una lengua en peligro de desaparición.

Phonological identity Virtually no “esdrújulos” Different phonemes  Vowel system virtually identical  Minor differences in the consonants  Conservation of more archaic diphtongs: uo, ua, ue & ia, ie In combination with certain consonants: Eg: hoy – hodie – güé/güey inodiu - enueyo

Loss of final vowels  “e” except after “-t” and “-tr” and “-br”  “o” becomes “e” after “-bl”, “-qu”, “-rch”, “rt”, “tr Loss of atonal sounds:  Eg: pues-pués-pus  adonde-áonde-ande  aunque-anque  almohaza-almaza Conservation of the medieval initial f Eg: deshollinar- esfollinar

Loss of the “e” sound before and inicial “s”  Eg: scudero, statuto, spital P-T-K: “occlusivas sordas intervocalicas” Loss of the intervocal “d” – ido > ío “ll” – “ch”, “t” eg. Agnellu – agnet “x” becomes “š” or “g/j”

Morphological identity Gender:  Tendency to respect Latin etymology  Feminization of invariable adjectives Number:  pluralization using “s” despite the loss of the final vowel demonstrative pronoun:  Co, zo & eis, eix, exe & qui, que Articles:  Many varieties derived from Latin “illo, illa, illum”

Syntactic identity Historical lack of use of articles Use of the explicit particle similar to Catalan and in front of the possessive pronoun Archaic use of pronouns Verbs:  Haber to mean tener  Ser instead of haber for passives  Ser and estar become interchangeable  Medieval negation using “no… pas”