El subjunctivo cuando se lo usa

Uses of the subjunctive mood: desire ignorance impersonal opinions uncompleted actions vague or indefinite maybe/perhaps “even if”

Subjuntive vs. Indicative subjunctive: always some aspect or not known indicative: indicates or reports something – ejemplos: I know that you speak Spanish. I hope that you speak Spanish.

Subjunctive clause: Two parts: 1.Main clause = indicative 2.Subordinate clause = subjunctive *clauses are usually separated by que

examples of desire: I hope that you are happy. I suggest that you buy the red car. We demand that he pay in cash. He prays that you get well. You insist that we wash the dishes.

expressions of desire esperar exigir insistir en ojalá pedir (e → i) preferir (e → ie) querer (e → ie) rogar (o → ue) sugerir (e → ie)

examples of ignorance: I doubt that he lives here. I don’t think that she knows my name. She doesn’t believe that you live here.

expressions of ignorance dudar que no creer que* no estar convencido/a de que no estar seguro/a de que no imaginarse que no parecer que no pensar que no suponer que temer que

examples of impersonal opinion: It’s great that you can dance so well. It’s better that we sit here. It’s terrible that we have to wait. It’s advisable that you sign your name in ink.

expressions of impersonal opinion conviene que es fantástico que es importante que es improbable que es increíble que es (una) lástima que es mejor que es necesario que

a continuación… es posible que es probable que es preferible que es ridículo que es terrible que más vale que ojalá que puede ser que

examples of uncompleted actions: We’ll eat after we wash our hands. I’ll feel better when I sit down. He won’t work here unless he gets a raise. I’ll wear clean clothes in case I have an accident.

expressions of uncompleted action a menos que antes (de) que con tal (de) que cuando después (de) que en caso de que

a continuación… hasta que mientras que para que sin que tan pronto como

examples of vague or indefinites: I need an assistant who is punctual. He wants a wife who cooks as well as his mother. We want a car that has a television. Isn’t there anyone who can read this ?

examples of maybe/perhaps: Maybe he has the money. Perhaps she’ll call us tonight.

expressions of maybe/perhaps acaso quizá(s) tal vez

examples of “even if” sentences: Even if he knows, he won’t tell us. Even if she is Miss America, we won’t hire her.

expressions of “even if” aunque = even if although even though – ejemplos: Aunque él no hable español, lo contrataré. Aunque no ganemos, estaremos felices. Iremos aunque llueve.