Las señales de satélite GPS

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Las señales de satélite GPS GPS satellite signals Las señales de satélite GPS Each GPS satellite transmits signals on two frequencies called carriers: L1 = 1574.42 MHz sinusoidal : 19.05 centimeters L2 = 1227.60 MHz sinusoidal : 24.45 centimeters The carrier PHASES are modulated by THREE pseudo-random binary codes Coarse/acquisition code (C/A) : 1.023 MHz (293.1 meters) (L1 only) C/A random sequence repeats every millisecond Precise code (P-code) : 10.23 MHz (29.31 meters) (L1 & L2) P-code sequence repeats every 266 days Navigational code (50 Hz) (L1 & L2) Cada satélite GPS transmite señales en dos frecuencias llamados portadores: L1 = 1574.42 MHz sinusoidal: 19,05 centímetros L2 = 1227.60 MHz sinusoidal: 24,45 centímetros Las fases portadoras son moduladas por tres códigos binarios pseudo-aleatorios Código Grueso / adquisición (C / A): 1.023 MHz (293,1 metros) (L1 solamente) C / D secuencia aleatoria se repite cada milisegundo Código precisa (código P): 10.23 MHz (29,31 metros) (L1 y L2) Secuencia de código P se repite cada 266 días Código de la Navegación (50 Hz) (L1 y L2)

C(t) = C/A code (open to all users) P(t) = P-code (open to all users in peace time) D(t) = Navigation message Note that P-code and C/A code modulate carrier frequencies 90 degrees out of phase (sine versus cosine) Binary (0/1) P-code and C/A-code modulations can thus be separated from each other C (t) = C / A código (abierto a todos los usuarios) P (t) = P-código (abierto a todos los usuarios en tiempo de paz) D (t) = mensaje de navegación Tenga en cuenta que el código P y C / D modulación de portadora código de frecuencias de 90 grados fuera de fase (sinusoidal frente coseno) Binaria (0/1) de código P y modulaciones de código C / A de este modo se pueden separar el uno del otro Nav C/A code P-code f1 + 90° Carriers Nav

L1 and L2 phase Is modulated by C/A, P-, and nav Binary pseudorandom number codes L1 y L2 fase Es modulada por C / A, P-y navegación Códigos de números pseudo-aleatorios binarios Nav C/A code P-code f1 + 90° Carriers Nav

Building the GPS signal La construcción de la señal GPS Satellites generate L1 & L2 frequency signals L1 modulated by C/A, P, and nav L2 modulated by P-code and nav GPS receivers dissect and record L1, L2, P, & C/A signals Los satélites generan señales de frecuencia L1 y L2 L1 modulada por C / A, P y navegación L2 modulada por código P y navegación Los receptores GPS diseccionar y grabar L1, L2, P, C y señales / A

Finding sat-to-receiver distance from C/A or P-code Encontrando sat-a-receptor distancia de C / A o P-codigo

Each GPS satellite has OWN unique C/A & P-code Each GPS receiver knows C/A and P-codes for ALL GPS satellites. Cada satélite GPS tiene su propio único / A & P-código C Cada receptor GPS sabe C / A y P-códigos para todos los satélites GPS. Note to audience that each GPS satellite transmits its own unique C/A and P codes. Each GPS receiver can thus identify each satellite signal from that unique code GPS receivers find time required for P and C/A code to travel from satellite by lining up or cross-correlating the received codes with the codes internal to the receiver.

How precise are ranges found with C/A and P codes ? ¿Qué tan preciso rangos se encuentran los códigos C / A y P? C/A code “chips” 1.023 million times per second P code chips 10.23 million times per second Average “chip” has wavelength of 300 meters for C/A code and 30 m for P code. Receiver can “line up” edges of the C/A and P “chips” to about 1%, or 3 meters for C/A and 30 cm for P. Código C / A "chips" 1.023.000 veces por segundo Chips de código P 10.230.000 veces por segundo "Chip" Promedio tiene longitud de onda de 300 metros para el código C / A y 30 m para el código P. El receptor se "alinean" bordes de la C / A y "chips" P a aproximadamente 1%, o 3 metros para C / A y 30 cm para P.

EXAMPLE RINEX DATA FILE: Code measurements DATOS EJEMPLO RINEX ARCHIVO: mediciones de código GPS satellites orbit Earth about 20,200 km above surface – equals 20,200,000 meters. Compare to ranges above.

Code ranges: ρC/A = c •ΔtC/A-code ρP= c • ΔtP-code rangos Código: ρC/A = c •ΔtC/A-code ρP= c • ΔtP-code rangos Código

Comparar gamas de código P para el grupo C / D CODE Compare ranges from P-code to C/A CODE P2 range - C/A range = c • ΔtP2 – L1 cycles • 0.1905 m/cycle Comparar gamas de código P para el grupo C / D CODE P2 - C / A rango = c • ΔtP2 - ciclos L1 • 0,1905 m / ciclo Range difference of 10 to 15 meters Rango de diferencia de 10 a 15 metros

EXAMPLE RINEX DATA FILE: Phase measurements DATOS EJEMPLO RINEX ARCHIVO: mediciones de fase GPS satellites orbit Earth about 20,200 km above surface – equals 20,200,000 meters. Compare to ranges above.

Fase (ciclo) cuenta para L1 y L2 Phase (cycle) counts for L1 and L2 L1 & L2 wavelengths of 19.05 and 24.45 cm Fase (ciclo) cuenta para L1 y L2 L1 y L2 longitudes de onda de 19,05 y 24,45 cm Señal de satélite Fase perdido por la antena GPS Satellite signal lost by GPS antenna

Comparación de los rangos de los recuentos de fase L1 y L2 Diferencia = 0,2445 m / ciclo ciclos • L2 - 0.1905 m / cyc ciclos • L1 Comparison of ranges from L1 and L2 phase counts Difference = 0.2445 m/cycle • L2 cycles - 0.1905 m/cyc • L1 cycles Difference only 0-5 meters after fixing the L2 cycle slip Diferencia sólo 0-5 metros después de la fijación del deslizamiento de ciclo L2

Conclusion thus far Conclusión Con pocas o ninguna las correcciones a las observaciones, Puede determinar los intervalos de 10 a 15 metros de C / A y P correspondientes. Puede determinar los intervalos de 0-5 metros de L1 y L2 Para estimar posiciones para mejor que 0.01 metros, debe mejorar la precisión de rango por más procesamiento de los observables GPS. With few or no corrections to the observations, Can determine ranges to 10-15 meters from C/A and P codes. Can determine ranges to 0-5 meters from L1 and L2 To estimate positions to better than 0.01 meters, must improve the range accuracies by more processing of the GPS observables.