Stem-changing verbs.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Stem-changing verbs

The anatomy of a verb preferir Every verb in Spanish is made up of two parts. The ending Each verb belongs to one of the following classes: verbs that end in –AR, those that end in –ER and those that end in –IR. The stem The stem consists of everything before the ending. For example: Ending preferir Stem

How stem-changers work Put simply, the stems of stem-changing verbs change when they are conjugated. There are different types of stem-changers. They can change from E to I, E to IE, O to UE,U to UE Let´s say a verb is an e  i stem-changer, but the verb has more than one E. Which one changes? As a rule, the last vowel of the stem changes. So, in the case of preferir, which is an e to ie stem-changer, the first e does not change but the last one does.

How stem-changers conjugate The change in stem-changers occurs when the verb is conjugated. The stem-change is present in the yo*, tú, usted/él/ella and ustedes/ellos/ellas forms. *There are a few verbs that take irregular “yo” forms in apart from the stem-change The stem-change is NOT PRESENT is the nosotros/nosotras and vosotros/vosotras forms. Stem-changers are often called shoe verbs or boot verbs because of the way the conjugation table looks with the exlusion of the nosotros and vosotros forms. The endings stay the same as always depending on whether it is an –AR, -ER, or –IR verb!

How do you spot one? Students of Spanish often struggle with stem-changers. They want to know if there is a secret to identifying which verbs stem-change. Unfortunately, there is nothing identifiable that will let you know. A good phrase to know is “porque sí”, which means “because that´s the way it is.” ¡Qué frustración! How am I supposed to learn them, then? You practice them, use them and notice them when you see or hear them. The good news is that with time and practice, this will come naturally to you!

¡A practicar! Empiezo Empezamos Empezáis Empiezas Empieza Empiezan Empezar (e:ie) To start/begin Yo Nosotros Nosotras Empiezo Empezamos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Empezáis Empiezas Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Empieza Empiezan

¡A practicar! Entiendo Entendemos Entendéis Entiedes Entiende Entender (e:ie) To understand Yo Nosotros Nosotras Entiendo Entendemos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Entendéis Entiedes Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Entiende Entienden

¡A practicar! pienso pensamos pensáis piensas piensa piensan pensar (e:ie) To think Yo Nosotros Nosotras pienso pensamos Tú Vosotros Vosotras pensáis piensas Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas piensa piensan

¡A practicar! Prefiero Preferimos Preferís Prefieres Prefiere Preferir (e:ie) To prefer/rather Yo Nosotros Nosotras Prefiero Preferimos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Preferís Prefieres Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Prefiere Prefieren

¡A practicar! Vengo* Venimos Venís Vienes Viene Vienen Venir (e:ie) To come* irregular “yo” form Yo Nosotros Nosotras Vengo* Venimos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Venís Vienes Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Viene Vienen

¡A practicar! Almuerzo Almorzamos Almorzáis Almuerzas Almuerza Almorzar (o:ue) To eat lunch Yo Nosotros Nosotras Almuerzo Almorzamos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Almorzáis Almuerzas Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Almuerza Almuerzan

¡A practicar! Duermo Dormimos Dormís Duermes Duerme Duermen Dormir (o:ue) To sleep Yo Nosotros Nosotras Duermo Dormimos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Dormís Duermes Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Duerme Duermen

¡A practicar! Encuentro Encontramos Encontráis Encuentras Encuentra Encontrar (o:ue) To find Yo Nosotros Nosotras Encuentro Encontramos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Encontráis Encuentras Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Encuentra Encuentran

¡A practicar! Juego Jugamos Jugáis Juegas Juega Juegan Jugar (u:ue) To play Yo Nosotros Nosotras Juego Jugamos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Jugáis Juegas Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Juega Juegan

¡A practicar! Recuerdo Recordamos Recordáis Recuerdas Recuerda Recordar (o:ue) To remember Yo Nosotros Nosotras Recuerdo Recordamos Tú Vosotros Vosotras Recordáis Recuerdas Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas Recuerda Recuerdan