Ser vs. Estar Señora Kidd. Using Ser and Estar Ser and Estar both mean “to be”. But how do we know which one to use in our sentences? The following slides.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Ser vs. Estar Señora Kidd

Using Ser and Estar Ser and Estar both mean “to be”. But how do we know which one to use in our sentences? The following slides will give memory aids and explanations as to when to use ser and when to use estar. All information is from

General Ser Rule Ser is used to classify and identify permanent or lasting attributes.

Forms of Ser: Yo ________Nosotros _________ Tú ________Vosotros _________ ÉlEllos Ella _______Ellas _________ Usted Ustedes soy eres es somos sois son

DOCTORDOCTOR = description = time = characteristics = occupation = origin/nationality = relationship A good acronym to remember the uses of ser is DOCTOR

D escription Ser is used to describe essential qualities about a person that define a person and probably will not change. This can be a physical description or a name. Yo soy Señora Kidd. (I am Mrs.Kidd) El chico es alto. (The boy is tall.)

O ccupation Jobs and occupations are seen as more of a permanent stature and therefore use ser. Ustedes son estudiantes. (You all are students.) ** Él es mecánico. (He is a mechanic.) ** **Notice that with occupation you do not use un/una or unos/unas. Nosotros somos médicos. (We are doctors) **

C haracteristic Characteristics are personality descriptions of a person. These would probably be the second thing you say to "What is he like?" Amalia es inteligente y simpática. (Amalia is intelligent and nice.) Mi esposo es romántico y cariñoso. (My husband is romantic and caring.)

T ime Time includes days, dates, and hours. For hours, use es for one o'clock and son for all other hours. Hoy es jueves. (Today is Thursday) ¿Qué hora es? (What time is it?) Son las ocho y media. (It is 8:30)

O rigin/Nationality Since what something is made of or where someone is from doesn’t change, we use ser. María es de México. (Maria is from Mexico.) Tú eres estadounidense. (You are American) El anillo es de oro. (The ring is made of gold)

R elationship Even after someone dies or breaks up, described as using ser. Also, religious affiliation uses ser since people are thought to have a “relationship”, in a manner of speaking, with a higher power. Andrés es católico. (Andrés is Catholic.) Lynne es mi madre. (Lynne is my mother.) Marcos es mi ex-novio. (Marcos is my ex-boyfriend.)

General Estar Rule Estar is used to indicate temporary states and locations.

Forms of Estar: Yo ________Nosotros _________ Tú ________Vosotros _________ ÉlEllos Ella _______Ellas _________ Usted Ustedes estoy estás está estamos estáis están

PLACEPLACE = position = condition = action = location = emotion A good acronym to remember the uses of estar is PLACE

P osition Position is the physical position or posture a person or thing is in. Mi abuela está sentada. (My grandmother is seated. ) Yo estoy acostada. (I am laying down. ) Mi abuela está de pie. (My grandmother is standing up. )

L ocation The location of someone or something describes where it is permanently, temporarily, actually, or conceptually. El baño está a la derecha de la sala. (The bathroom is to the right of the living room.) El edificio está en la plaza. (The building is in the plaza) Nosotros estamos en la clase de español. (We are in Spanish class) NOTE!! – The location of parties or events is described using SER La fiesta ES en mi casa.

A ction Estar is used to describe an ongoing action using the present progressive tense. (-ing in English) Estoy lavando los platos sucios. (I am washing the dirty dishes.) Estamos leyendo los periódicos. (We are reading the newspapers.) Mi bisabuelo está muerto. (My great-grandfather is dead.) **In Spanish, death is considered an ongoing action so we use estar.**

C ondition Physical and mental conditions are described using estar. Mis niños están enfermos hoy. (My children are sick today.) Estoy tan cansada esta mañana. (I am so tired this morning.) La sopa está demasiada picante. (The soup is too spicy)

E motion How a person is feeling at a certain moment is described using estar. Estoy triste. (I am sad.) Ella está contenta porque recibió unas flores de su novio. (She is happy because she received some flowers from her boyfriend.)

1. La cena _____________ (es/está) en la mesa. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. está ¿Por qué? _______________________Location

2. ____________(Son/Están) las siete de la mañana. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. Son ¿Por qué? _______________________Time

3. Yo _____________ (soy/estoy) muy cansado. Tengo muchos exámenes mañana. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. estoy ¿Por qué? _______________________Condition

4. Mi madre me _____________(es/está) llamando. Tengo que irme. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. está ¿Por qué? _______________________Action

5. ¿De dónde ________(es/está) la Srta. López? Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. es ¿Por qué? _______________________Origin

6. Ángela _________ (es/está) policía en Nueva York. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. es ¿Por qué? _______________________Occupation

7. Ahora ___________ (somos/estamos) en la oficina. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. estamos ¿Por qué? _______________________Location

8. Mi ex-novio todavía ___________ (es/está) enojado. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. está ¿Por qué? _______________________Emotion

9. Sus abuelos ____________ (son/están) muertos. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. están ¿Por qué? _______________________Action

10. __________(Soy/Estoy) sentado ahora. Escoge si las respuesta es ser o estar y entonces por qué. Estoy ¿Por qué? _______________________Position