El PLUSCUAMPERFECTO In English we form the PAST perfect (pluperfect) tense by combining had with the past participle of a verb. USE: To refer to an action.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El PLUSCUAMPERFECTO

In English we form the PAST perfect (pluperfect) tense by combining had with the past participle of a verb. USE: To refer to an action that preceded another action in the past (occurred before another action in the past).

Por ejemplo…  He had already seen New York when he planned his trip  I had already eaten the food when my mom arrived  I had already broken the window when the neighbor arrived  You hadn’t studied when you found out you had a test

The Past Participle of a Verb:  You have already learned to form the past participle of a verb in Spanish by adding –ado to the stem of –ar verbs  You add –ido to the stem of most –er and –ir verbs.

To form the Past-Perfect Tense In Spanish:  Combine the past participle –ado/ -ido  With the imperfect tense of the verb haber

Imperfect Tense forms of HABER  Había  Habías  Había  Habíamos  Habíais  Habían

Spanish vs. English:  We generally use the Spanish pluscuamperfecto in the same way we use its English equivalent.

The Pluscuamperfecto: Había alquilado escogido decidido Habíamos alquilado escogido decidido Habías alquilado escogido decidido Habíais alquilado escogido decidido Había alquilado escogido decidido Habían alquilado escogido decidido

NOTICE !!! ¡ojo!  When the past participle is used with any forms of haber, the final –o never changes  Ricardo había grabado su película favorita.  Ricardo HAD TAPED  Sus hermanos habían grabado una telenovela.  His sisters HAD TAPED  Sus hermanas habían grabado

NOTICE !!! ¡ojo!  Certain verbs that have a double vowel in the infinitive form (except those with the double vowel ui) require an accent mark on the í in the past participle. For example:  Caer  caído  Leer  leído  Oír  oído  Creer  creído

Irregular Past Participles The pluscuamperfecto has the same irregulars as the present perfect

The PLUSCUAMPERFECTO  The pluscuamperfecto is often used in Spanish with the word YA – already – to express that someone HAD ALREADY DONE SOMETHING.  A las 8:00 de la mañana, los estudiantes YA habían llegado a la escuela  At 8:00 the students HAD ALREADY ARRIVED at the school.

YA = ALREADY!! Yo ya había limpiado mi dormitorio. Tú ya habías termindado tu tarea. Ellos ya habían salido para México.

The Pluperfect Tense (organizar)  Cuando llegué al centro recreativo, el consejero ya había organizado los equipos.  When I arrived at the recreation center, the counselor had already organized the teams.

The Pluperfect Tense (leer)  Cuando fui a la oficina, el gerente ya había leído mis cartas de recomendación.  When I went to the office, the manager had already read my letters of recommendation.

The Pluperfect Tense Práctica:  Ellos _____________ (buscar) trabajo por mucho tiempo.  Por último, ella____________ (conseguir) un puesto como salvavida al centro recreativo.  Durante la entrevista, yo _____________ (querer) dar una buena impresión.  Nosotros ____________ (atender) muchas marchas y manifestaciones en la comunidad.

el perfecto presente & el pluscamperfecto Tell what the following people have done in the past (in general w/out a time frame): 1.La niñera _________ ______________ a los niños de los Reyes. (cuidar) 2.¿_________ ____________ Uds. el problema con su horario? (resolver) 3.Las empleadas _________ __________ experiencia con la computación. (tener) 4.Y tú, ¿_________ ______________ con tu trabajo? (cumplir) 5.Los clientes _________ ________________ (ser) leales y dedicados. 6.Ella no _________ _____________ (abrir) su carta de recomendación.

Tell what the following people had done prior to their job interview (an action that occurred prior to another action in the past): 7.Yo _________ ___________________ una lista de requisitos. (hacer) 8.Las recepcionistas _________ ___________________ las solicitudes de empleo. (copiar) 9.Él_________ ___________________ bien y _________ ___________________ un traje y una corbata. (vestirse, ponerse) 10.Nosotros _________ ___________________ muchos comentarios positivos sobre la compañía. (oír)

 Práctica:  Before going to the movies, she had already finished her homework.  Antes de ir al cine, ella ya __________ ____________ la tarea.  When I arrived at the class, the other students had already solved several problems.  Cuando llegué a la clase, los otros estudiantes ya ___________ ____________ varios problemas.  By the time we found out the truth, you all had already told everyone else.  A la hora que nosotros supimos la verdad, vosotros ya se la __________ ____________ a los demás.  When you answered the phone, it had already stopped ringing.  Cuando contestaste el teléfono, ya __________ ____________ de sonar.