CMS Masterclass 2017 Ejercicio práctico

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Transcripción de la presentación:

CMS Masterclass 2017 Ejercicio práctico

W and Z Particles Looking for the mediators of the weak interaction: electrically charged W + boson, the negative W - boson, the neutral Z boson.

W and Z Decays W and Z travel only a tiny distance before decaying, so CMS does not “see” W or Z bosons directly. CMS can detect electrons and muons CMS can infer neutrinos from “missing energy”

CMS detector

Identify W, Z and Higgs candidates The Task Identify W, Z and Higgs candidates Before collision: Pxytot = 0 After collision: Pxyneutrino = -∑Pxyparticles

W events Before collision: Pxytot = 0 After collision: Pxyneutrino = -∑Pxyparticles

Z events Before collision: Pxytot = 0 After collision: Pxyneutrino = -∑Pxyparticles

Higgs events Before collision: Pxytot = 0 After collision: Pxyneutrino = -∑Pxyparticles

Background Events Often, quarks are scattered by proton collisions. As they separate, the binding energy between them converts to sprays of new particles called jets. Electrons and muons may be included in jets. Software can filter out events with jets beyond our current interest.

Signal Events Leptons from W and Z boson are: Isolated from other particles High transverse momentum Coming from the collision vertex

Can we calculate the e/ ratio? The Task Can we calculate the e/ ratio?

Can we calculate a W+/W- ratio for CMS? The Task Can we calculate a W+/W- ratio for CMS? F = q·(vB)=mv2/ mv = p = q B 

The Task Can we make mass plot of Z candidates or other neutral particles that decay to a pair of leptons?

Leyes de conservación de la energía y el momento lineal: Reconstrucción del bosón Z Leyes de conservación de la energía y el momento lineal: La suma de los momentos de las partículas finales es igual al momento de la partícula inicial La suma de las energías de las partículas finales es igual a la energía de la partícula inicial pZ = p+ + p- EZ = E+ + E- p p Q(+) = +1 Q() =  1 Z Q(Z)= 0 14

Energía y mas son equivalentes Mecánica relativista Momento: p = m  v Energía: E = ½ m  v2 Mecánica clásica (I. Newton) Mecánica relativista (A. Einstein) Momento: p = m  v / (1-2)½  = v/c Energía: E = [p2c2+m2c4]½ Energía y mas son equivalentes mZ = (E2Z  p2Z c2)½ / c2 15

Higgs events Can we find rarer ZZ events? Z  e+e- Z  +- ZZ  e+e-e+e- +-+- e+e-+-

Recording Event Data T Twitter: @physicsIMC, hashtag #LHCIMC17 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/InternationalParticlePhysicsMasterclasses/ T

Desintegracion de partículas inestables La desintegración de partículas sigue una ley exponencial El ritmo de desintegración depende del mecanismo que produce la desintegración (fuerte o débil) N(t) = N0 exp (t/) 1 /  18 18

Anchura de la distribución de masa Debido al principio de incertidumbre de Heisenberg, cualquier partícula con un tiempo de desintegración finito tiene una distribución de masa con anchura ∆t ∆E ~ h La “anchura natural” es proporcional al número de posibilidades de desintegración de una partícula, e inversamente proporcional a la vida media La anchura natural del bosón Z es 2.5 GeV La anchura medida está afectada por la resolución finita con la que medimos el momento de las partículas 19 19

CMS dilepton mass spectrum

CMS four-lepton mass spectrum

ZZ--> 2e 2mu event