Radical Changing Verbs Objetivo: To learn about ‘radical changing verbs’

Present Tense Verb Endings -ar -o -as -a -amos -áis -an -er -o -es -e -emos -éis -en -ir -o -es -e -imos -ís -en Yo Tú El/Ella/Ud Nosotros Vosotros Ellos/Ellas/Uds

So far we have revised and learnt the present tense endings for regular verbs..... ...for radical changing verbs the endings are the same! GOOD NEWS!

ar er ir com viv What are radical changing verbs? ‘Radical’ is another word for ‘stem’. This is the part of the verb the endings are added to: e.g habl com viv ar er ir

Radical changing verbs take regular endings... e.g. jugar  juego al fútbol dormir  Elena duerme pensar  Mis padres piensan

...but they have a vowel change in their stem in most parts of the present tense. e.g. pod er nosotros podemos vosotros podéis ellos pueden yo puedo tú puedes él puede

There are 3 possible radical changes. o ue e ie e i ...plus ‘jugar’... which is the only uue

er 1. o ue e.g. pod nosotros podemos vosotros podéis él puede ellos pueden yo puedo tú puedes él puede

1. o ue Other verbs like this include: almorzar (to have lunch) contar costar demostrar encontrar doler mostrar recordar volver (to have lunch) (to count) (to cost) (to demonstrate) (to meet/find) (to hurt) (to show) (to remember) (to return)  mini white board conjugate volver 9

o  ue Remove the –ar, -er or –ir Is the subject nosotros or vosotros? add the appropriate ending yes no add the appropriate ending Replace ‘o’ with ‘ue’

O UE I have lunch (almorzar) It costs (costar) almorzar They demonstrate (demostrar) We meet (encontrar) I return (volver) I sleep (dormir) Using the flow chart: almorzar almorz almuerz almuerzo

ar 2. e ie e.g. pens nosotros pensamos vosotros pensáis él piensa ellos piensan yo pienso tú pienas él piensa

2. e ie Other verbs like this include: calentar cerrar comenzar dormir despertar defender entender empezar perder recomendar querer (to shut) (to understand) (to lose) (to wake up) (to recommend) (to defend) (to love/want) (to start) (to heat up) (to begin) (to sleep) Pupils match up verbs 13

e  ie Remove the –ar, -er or –ir Is the subject nosotros or vosotros? add the appropriate ending yes no add the appropriate ending Replace ‘e’ with ‘ie’

I think they love pensar (querer) pienso we love we recommend (querer) (recomendar) quieren I understand (entender) entiendo recomendamos queremos I defend (defender) calentar (to heat up) cerrar (to shut) comenzar(to start) despertar (to wake up) defender (to defend) entender (to understand) empezar (to begin) perder (to loose) recomendar querer (to love/want) he understands (entender) entiende defiendo 15

ir 3. e i e.g. repet nosotros repetimos vosotros repetís él repite ellos repiten yo repito tú repites él repite

3. e i Other verbs like this include: pedir despedirse impedir reír servir sonreír (to ask for) (to say goodbye) (to prevent) (to laugh) (to serve) (to smile) 17

e  i Remove the –ar, -er or –ir Is the subject nosotros or vosotros? add the appropriate ending yes no add the appropriate ending Replace ‘e’ with ‘i’

servir (ei) querer (eie) encontrar (oue) pedir (ei) empezar (eie) volver (oue)  ball throw 19