El pretérito Spanish II, unit 2B
á é í ó ú ñ ¿ ¡
El pretérito El pretérito = past tense English translation: Verbed The preterite indicates an action in the past that is finished, an action that is over and done.
El pretérito Important words for the preterite: ayer (yesterday) anteayer (the day before yesterday) anoche (last night) el otro día (the other day) en ese momento (at that moment) entonces (then) esta mañana (this morning) esta tarde (this afternoon) la semana pasada (last week) el mes pasado (last month) el año pasado (last year) hace dos días, años (two days, years ago) ayer por la mañana (yesterday morning) ayer por la tarde (yesterday afternoon)
El pretérito Endings for –ar verbs: -ar verbs yo -énosotros -amos tú -astevosotros -asteis Usted -óUstedes -aron él -ó ellos -aron ella -ó ellas –aron **ACCENTS ARE SUPER IMPORTANT!!**
El pretérito AR verb example: Lavar (to wash) yo lavénosotros lavamos (I washed)(we washed) tú lavastevosotros lavasteis (you washed)(you all washed) Usted lavóUstedes lavaron (you washed)(you all washed) él lavó ellos lavaron (he washed)(they washed) ella lavó ellas lavaron (she washed)(they washed)
El pretérito -AR verb example: bañarse (to take a bath, to bathe) yo me bañénosotros nos bañamos (I took a bath, I bathed)(we took a bath, we bathed) tú te bañastevosotros os bañasteis (you took a bath, you bathed)(You all took a bath, you all bathed) Usted se bañóUstedes se bañaron (You took a bath, you bathed) (You all took a bath, you all bathed) él se bañó ellos se bañaron (he took a bath, he bathed)(they took a bath, they bathed) ella se bañó ellas se bañaron (she took a bath, she bathed)(they took a bath, they bathed) * Just put the reflexive before the conjugated verb!
El pretérito Endings for –er and -ir verbs: -er and -ir verbs yo - í nosotros -imos tú -istevosotros -isteis Usted -ióUstedes -ieron él -ió ellos -ieron ella -ió ellas –ieron **ACCENTS ARE SUPER IMPORTANT!!**
El pretérito -er verb example: Beber (to drink) yo bebí nosotros bebimos (I drank)(we drank) tú bebistevosotros bebisteis (you drank)(you all drank) Usted bebióUstedes bebieron (you drank)(you all drank) él bebió ellos bebieron (he drank)(they drank) ella bebió ellas bebieron (she drank)(they drank)
El pretérito -er verb example: correr (to run) yo corrí nosotros corrimos (I ran)(we ran) tú corristevosotros corristeis (you ran)(you all ran) Usted corrióUstedes corrieron (you ran )(you all ran ) él corrió ellos corrieron (he ran )(they ran ) ella corrió ellas corrieron (she ran) (they ran )
El pretérito -ir verb example: Abrir – to open yo abrí nosotros abrimos (I opened)(we opened) tú abristevosotros abristeis ( you opened)(you all opened ) Usted abrióUstedes abrieron (you opened)(you all opened) él abrió ellos abrieron (he opened)(they opened) ella abrió ellas abrieron (she opened)(they opened)
El pretérito -ir verb example: salir – to leave yo salí nosotros salimos (I left)(we opened) Tú salistevosotros salisteis ( you left)(you all opened ) Usted salióUstedes salieron (you left)(you all opened) él salió ellos salieron (he left)(they opened) Ella salió ellas salieron (she left)(they opened)
El pretérito Good news! -No boot verbs in the preterite! (there will be a few, but not yet….) -Simply add the reflexive before the conjugated verb.
El pretérito PROBLEMS!! -ar verbs: 1. Verbs that end in CAR -in YO form only -change C to QU -add ending é
El pretérito Example: tocar (to play) yo toquénosotros tocamos (I played)(we played) tú tocastevosotros tocasteis (you played)(you all played) Usted tocóUstedes tocaron (you played)(you all played) él tocó ellos tocaron (he played)(they played) ella tocó ellas tocaron (she played)(they played)
Other –car verbs: Tocar (to touch, to play) Buscar (to look for) Sacar (to take out) Secar(se) (to dry (off)) Practicar (to practice) Explicar (to explain)
El pretérito PROBLEMS!! -ar verbs: 2. Verbs that end in GAR -in YO form only -change G to GU -add ending é
El pretérito Example: Entregar (to hand in) yo entreguénosotros entregamos (I handed in)(we handed in) tú entregastevosotros entregasteis (you handed in)(you all handed in) Usted entregóUstedes entregaron (you handed in )(you all handed in ) él entregó ellos entregaron (he handed in)(they handed in ella entregó ellas entregaron (she handed in)(they handed in)
El pretérito Other –gar verbs: Entregar (to hand in) Pagar (to pay for) Navegar (to navegate, to surf) Llegar (to arrive) Jugar (to play a sport)
El pretérito PROBLEMS!! -ar verbs: 3. Verbs that end in ZAR -in YO form only -change Z to C -add ending é
El pretérito Example: Empezar (to start) yo empecénosotros empezamos (I started)(we started) tú empezastevosotros empezasteis (you started)(you all started) Usted empezóUstedes empezaron (you started )(you all started ) él empezó ellos empezaron (he started (they started) ella empezó ellas empezaron (she started (they started)
Other –zar verbs: Empezar (to start, to begin) Comenzar (to start, to begin) Almorzar (to eat lunch) Organizar (to organize)