Anuncios 1. Pre-registration: -Pre-register for SPANISH 1220. -You do NOT need to take a placement test. If you pass 1210, you may go to 1220. -You do.

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Anuncios 1. Pre-registration: -Pre-register for SPANISH You do NOT need to take a placement test. If you pass 1210, you may go to You do NOT need to take 1220 in order to get credit for Examen final: sábado, 11 de dic. 9-11:30 3. Presentación cultural

miércoles, 20 de octubre de 2010 C6 A personal Direct Object Pronouns Indefinite and Negative Words Formal commandsFormal commands

The A personal Is there an equivalent to the A personal in English? Its NOT a preposition, it simply indicates the direct object. Word order varies in Spanish: Ana baila bien. Bien baila Ana. Baila bien Ana.

Why use the A personal? WRONGRIGHT 1. Juan ayuda el profesor.*Juan ayuda al profesor. 2. El profesor ayuda Juan.*El profesor ayuda a Juan. Identify the subject and object.

When do we use the A personal? precedes a direct object refers to a person(s) specific person(s) Exceptions: 1. haber/tener Tengo ø 4 hermanos. Hay ø alumnos fabulosos en mi clase. 2. buscar escuchar esperar mirar These verbs include the meaning for-to-at so they dont need a preposition. Busco mi mochila. No miramos la televisión. a personal: Busco a Eva. Miran a los niños.

The A personal in questions Use the a personal before interrogative words that refer to a person/people. En una fiesta hablas con tu amigo: ¿A quién conoces aquí? ¿A quiénes buscas? ¿Quién trae la música? ¿Quiénes bailan bien?

Ejercicio: A personal 1.Necesitan __ secretarias. 2.¿Conoces __ los hijos de los Ramos? 3. ¿Quieres visitar __ tu familia? 4. ¿Quieres visitar __Bolivia? 5.Buscamos __ un doctor. 6.Buscamos __ el Doctor García. 7.No miro __ la televisión todos los días. 8.Hay __ 15 alumnos en nuestra clase. 9.Veo __ los niños en el parque. 10. Adoramos__ nuestro perrito Cuqui.

Yo compro un regalo. _____ ______ ______

Direct Object Pronouns Expressing what or whom Direct Object Pronouns memenosus teyou (fam. sing.)osyou (fam. pl.) loyou (form. sing.), him, it (m.)losyou (form. pl.), them (m., m. + f.) layou (form. sing.), her, it (f.)lasyou (form. pl.), them (f.) 18

When do you use a direct object pronoun? Use a pronoun the second time you mention an object or when you refer back to it in answering a question. 1. Voy a comprar fruta. La voy a comprar en el mercado. 2. -¿Preparas el guacamole? -Sí lo preparo. 3. -¿Conocen Uds. a Teresa? -No, no la conocemos.

Pronoun position Conjugated verb Lo como. Infinitive construction Voy a comerlo.Lo voy a comer. ProgressiveEstoy comiéndolo.Lo estoy comiendo. Commands + ¡Cómalo! - ¡No lo coma! ¿Comes pastel?

Answer the question replacing the direct object with a pronoun. -¿Ve Ud. a ese hombre?-______________________ -¿Quién va a comprar los libros?-__________________ -¿Buscas a las chicas?-______________________ -¿Puedes vernos mañana?-______________________

Comparing Word Order English SubjectVerb Direct Object Pronoun I know them. Spanish SubjectDirect Object Pronoun Verb Yo losconozco.

Are you asking about the SUBJECT or DIRECT OBJECT? 1. ¿Quién te llama con frecuencia? 2. ¿A quién vas a ver mañana? 3. ¿Quiénes están jugando? 4. ¿A quiénes buscáis? 5. ¿Quién llama a Pablo? 6. ¿A quién llama Pablo?

Special Use of lo = actions, situations, ideas 1.-¿Estás muy enferma?-Sí, lo estoy. 2.-¿Dónde está el dinero? -No lo sé. 3. -No hay clase la semana próxima.-¡No lo creo! 4.-Es buena la película. -Claro que lo es.

Indefinite and Negative Words Expressing Negation Indefinite and Negative Words algosomething, nadanothing, not anything anything alguiensomeone, nadieno one, nobody, anyone not anybody algún some, anyningún no, none, not any (alguno/a/os/as)(ninguno/a) siemprealwaysnunca, jamásnever tambiénalsotampoconeither, not either 19

Las palabras indefinidas y negativas 1. English: I do not know anyone. (I know no one.) not + indefinite word Spanish: No conozco a nadie. no + negative word. 2. ¿Tienes algún amigo mexicano? Sí,tengo algún amigo mexicano. = Tengo alguno/uno. No, no tengo ningún amigo mexicano. = No tengo ninguno. 3. OJO: Wrong- No tengo ningunos.* Dont use a negative word in the plural. If it doesnt exist, it cant be plural.

Multiple negative words 1. What pattern do you see in these sentences? a. ¿Nadie come ahí? ¿No come nadie ahí? b. Nunca trabajamos. No trabajamos nunca. c. Tampoco es interesante. No es interesante tampoco.

Multiple negative words 2. Double/Triple negatives: Nadie nunca baila aquí. No tengo nada para ti tampoco.

Influencing others: Formal commands Most formal commands are derived from the yo form: AR hablo-->hable ER como--> coma IR escribo-->escriba

Stem-changing verbs keep the stem change. Pronounce the command form for Ud. Volver yo vuelvo-->vuelva Ud. temprano Pensar ________ Pedir ________ Servir ________ Dormir ________

-car -gar -zar Verbs ending in -car, -gar, zar have a spelling change to preserve the -c,-g,-z sounds. buscar yo busco--> busce*-->busque pagar empezar

Irregular yo forms Keep the irregularity from yo in the command form. Pronounce the form for Uds. conocer conozco --> conozcan decirhacer oírsalirtener traervenirver

Formas irregulares dardé estaresté irvaya sabersepa sersea

¿Cuándo se usa el imperativo? ¿Qué otra forma se usa?

Commands with reflexive or direct object pronouns Despertar(se) + Despiértese. - No se despierte. Beber tequila Divertir(se) Comprar los chocolates