Stem-Changing Verbs. Review: The Parts of a Verb Every verb has two parts: 1. 1.the stem 2. 2.the ending The most basic form of a verb is called the infinitive.

Presentación del tema: "Stem-Changing Verbs. Review: The Parts of a Verb Every verb has two parts: 1. 1.the stem 2. 2.the ending The most basic form of a verb is called the infinitive."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Stem-Changing Verbs

2 Review: The Parts of a Verb Every verb has two parts: 1. 1.the stem 2. 2.the ending The most basic form of a verb is called the infinitive. The ending of an infinitive will be the last 2 letters—either –ar, –er, or –ir. The stem is the rest of the verb. Ex: hablar infinitive ar ending habl stem

3 Review: Conjugating Verbs When we conjugate a verb, we start with the infinitive and change its form. Conjugation has two steps: 1. 1.drop the ending (–ar, –er, or –ir) 2. 2.add a new ending to match the subject (the person or thing doing the action) Usually when we conjugate a verb, the stem (the part before the ending) stays the same.

4 Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs Some verbs have changes in the stem. These verbs have an extra step to conjugate them. 1. 1.drop the ending (–ar, –er, or –ir) 2. 2.add a new ending to match the subject (person or thing doing the action) 3. 3.change the stem

5 yonosotros nosotras tú vosotros vosotras (Spain) Ud. él ella Uds. ellos ellas The forms in the orange area have a stem change. The nosotros and vosotros forms do not have a stem change; the stem stays the same. Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs

6 yonosotros nosotras tú vosotros vosotras (Spain) Ud. él ella Uds. ellos ellas You might notice that the forms that change fall into an area of the conjugation chart that looks a bit like a… Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs

7 yonosotros nosotras tú vosotros vosotras (Spain) Ud. él ella Uds. ellos ellas For this reason many people call stem-changing verbs “shoe verbs” or “boot verbs.” Only the forms inside the “shoe” have a stem change. Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs

8 There are three kinds of stem-changing verbs in the present tense: 1. 1.o  ue(–ar, –er, & –ir verbs) 2. 2.e  ie(–ar, –er, & –ir verbs) 3. 3.e  i(only –ir verbs) The verb jugar is one exception; it has a u  ue stem change. If there is more than one vowel in the stem, it is the last vowel in the stem that changes. Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs

9 yoalmuerzonosotros nosotras almorzamos túalmuerzas vosotros vosotras (Spain) almorzáis Ud. él ella almuerzaUds. ellos ellas almuerzan Now let’s look at some examples: almorzar– to have lunchO  UE Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs

10 yocierronosotros nosotras cerramos túcierras vosotros vosotras (Spain) cerráis Ud. él ella cierraUds. ellos ellas cierran cerrar– to closeE  IE Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs

11 yosirvonosotros nosotras servimos túsirves vosotros vosotras (Spain) servís Ud. él ella sirveUds. ellos ellas sirven servir– to serveE  I Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-Changing Verbs